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Journal : FLUIDA

The Effect of Fermentation Time in Full Wash and Honey Processing on Arabica Coffee Characteristics Lidya, Bevi; Rahma Wildiani, Isnaeni; Zikri Ramadhan, Muhammad; Hariyadi, Tri
Fluida Vol. 17 No. 2 (2024): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v17i2.6124

Abstract

Fermentation is the key to every post-harvest processing method carried out. Fermentation in coffee also serves to determine the characteristics of the resulting coffee. To bring out the characteristics of coffee, modification of the fermentation process is used by adding lactic acid bacteria which aims to reduce the caffeine and pH levels in coffee. Low pH in coffee can protect coffee beans from another microorganism and give fruity flavour in coffee. This research aims to determine the effect of lactic acid fermentation time on processing with the full wash and honey method on the characteristics of arabica coffee beans. Fermentation is done with time variations of 8, 16, 24, 32, 40, and 48 hours. The post-harvest processing carried out is the full wash and honey method. The analysis was carried out to determine the water content (gravimetric method), caffeine content (UV- Vis spectrophotometry), pH (pH metre), and total acid level (titration method). The results showed that the longer the fermentation time, the lower the caffeine content and pH levels in coffee. Processing with the full wash method produces lower caffeine levels, while the honey method produces a lower pH and a higher total acid content. The best experiment was obtained at 40-hour fermentation using the honey method, with water content of 9.07%; caffeine 1.11%; pH 4.00; and total acid content of 27%, based on SNI 2008.
The Effect of Temperature and Fermentation Time Using Local Microorganism on Robusta Coffee Characteristics Suryadi, Joko; Subagja, Ardika Rizki; Nur Amalia, Arini; Hariyadi, Tri
Fluida Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v18i1.6119

Abstract

Robusta coffee beans are known to have higher caffeine levels compared to other coffee beans. Fermentation is one of the steps to reduce caffeine levels in coffee. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature and fermentation time on robusta   coffee characteristics consisting of testing caffeine content, ethanol content, moisture content and pH. The fermentation process of coffee beans is carried out using local microorganism cassava tapai. The local microorganism of cassava tapai was chosen because it can be a source of microbial activity. Fermentation of coffee beans was carried out anaerobically with temperature variations of 30ºC and 37ºC and with fermentation time variations of 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42 and 48 hours. The results showed that the longer the fermentation time, the lower the caffeine content. Caffeine levels decreased from 4.88% to 2.53% ± 0 and 3.73% ± 0 at the 30ºC and 37ºC temperature variations at the longest time variation (48 hours). The degree of acidity or pH value decreased from 5.10 to 4.38 ± 0 and 4.27 ± 0,01. Moisture content is relatively fluctuating but all sample variations are in the standard range of 10-12.5%. Whereas ethanol content increased from 2.46% to 4.36% ± 0 and 4.26% ± 0,13. Through the P-value ANOVA Two Factor Without Replication test, it can be concluded that fermentation temperature has a significant effect on caffeine content and pH, while fermentation time has a significant effect on caffeine content, ethanol content and pH.
The Effect of Papaya Leaf Concentration and Fermentation Time on The Decafeination Process of Robusta Coffee Hariyadi, Tri; Keryanti, Keryanti; Salsabila, Nurisa; Sarah, Sarah
Fluida Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): FLUIDA
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Politeknik Negeri Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35313/fluida.v16i2.5441

Abstract

High level of caffeine in Robusta coffee requires the reduction of level to accommodate person with low caffeine tolerance. The wet fermentation process with papaya leaf extract containing the papain enzyme was used to decaffeinate the coffee. This study aimed to investigate the effects of papaya leaf extract concentration and sampling time on the decaffeination of Robusta coffee green beans. The papaya leaf extract concentration ranged from 10% to 80% (w/v), with fermentation lasting 6 to 72 hours. The caffeine content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer, and organoleptic tests were performed on 40 untrained panelists. The results showed that both the concentration of papaya leaf extract and the fermentation time influenced the decaffeination. The optimum result was obtained after 48 hours of fermentation with 80% (w/v) papaya leaf extract resulting in a caffeine content of 0.268% (w/w) from an initial content of 1.20% (w/w), representing a 77.82% decrease in caffeine level efficiency. Fermented coffee was preferred by 58% of panellists over unfermented coffee. These findings imply that papain found in papaya leaves can reduce caffeine levels while also improving flavor and aroma.