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ANALISIS KLASIFIKASI BARANG EKSPOR PRODUK SAMPINGAN DAN LIMBAH PABRIK MINYAK SAWIT Muh.Sutartib; Purwana, Aditya Subur
JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL PERSPEKTIF BEA DAN CUKAI
Publisher : Unit Penerbitan Politeknik Keuangan Negara STAN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31092/jpbc.v9i1.3306

Abstract

Palm oil processing factories that produce Crude Palm Oil (CPO) and its derivatives also generate by-products. Although these by-products are categorized as waste, they still possess potential nutritional value and added economic value that can be optimized. One notable by-product is liquid waste known as Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME). CPO and several of its derivatives are export commodities subject to Export Duty (Bea Keluar/BK) and/or levies imposed by the Public Service Agency of the Palm Oil Plantation Fund Management Agency (BPDPKS), referred to as Export Levy (Pungutan Ekspor/PE). The classification of CPO by-products may lead to disagreements between the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (DGCE) and exporters, which can escalate into formal objections to DGCE decisions or appeals to the Tax Court. This research aims to analyze the product classification of CPO-derived by-products that have undergone specific treatments and to evaluate the BK and PE tariffs applied to both on-grade and off-grade CPO. A qualitative research method is employed, supported by secondary quantitative data from 2021 to 2024, including BK and PE tariff data, as well as records of objections and appeals. Qualitative data are gathered from literature reviews and case studies of CPO exports. The analysis reveals that the Harmonized System (HS) classification stated in regulations issued by the Ministry of Industry, BPDPKS levy provisions, and BK regulations do not fully comply with HS classification principles. In some cases, the classification of CPO by-products in BPDPKS regulations is inconsistent with those in BK regulations. Moreover, the current ad valorem PE tariffs fail to ensure fairness, as both high-quality and low-quality CPO are subject to the same levy despite considerable differences in international market prices.
Dwell time variability at Tanjung Perak Port: A cargo flow analysis based on terminal operators Syamsuddin, Muhammad Anshar; Purwana, Aditya Subur; Majid, Ilham
Educoretax Vol 5 No 12 (2025)
Publisher : WIM Solusi Prima

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54957/educoretax.v5i12.1998

Abstract

Ports play a strategic role in supporting the smooth flow of national logistics and trade. Tanjung Perak Port in Surabaya is one of Indonesia's primary harbors. A key performance metric for ports is Dwell Time (DT). This study aims to analyze the variability of Dwell Time at Tanjung Perak Port, adopting a cargo flow approach segmented by terminal operator. Utilizing descriptive quantitative methods and a linear model, the research analyzes secondary data from the National Single Window Institute (LNSW) for the period January 2025 to September 2025. The analytical results indicate that DT variability at Tanjung Perak is significantly influenced by the stages of cargo/container handling at each terminal operator, specifically from stacking to gate-out. For the TPS terminal operator, the distribution of dwell times for the stages of stacking-to-job order, job order-to-gate in, and gate in-to-gate out is right-skewed. Conversely, for the TTL terminal operator, the overall DT and stacking-to-job order distributions are right-skewed, while the job order-to-gate in and gate in-to-gate out times exhibit minimal variability and are relatively uniform. A pronounced right skew indicates a mean value greater than the median, suggesting that while most data points cluster around lower times, significant outliers with extended durations are present. The linear model confirms that these operational stages have a statistically significant influence on overall Dwell Time.