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All Journal Al-Qanun: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam AL-Daulah Al-Jinayah: Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam ALQALAM Ma'mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum SOSIO YUSTISIA Jurnal Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam
Najib, M. Ainun
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Religion Arts Humanities Education Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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EFFECTIVENESS OF ZAKAT FUND DISTRIBUTION ON EMPOWERING MSMEs: STUDY ON MSME IN SUMUR DISTRICT Najmudin, Najmudin; Najib, M. Ainun; Atiah, Isti Nuzulul
Al Qalam Vol 38 No 1 (2021): January - June 2021
Publisher : Center for Research and Community Service of UIN Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten-Serang City-Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32678/alqalam.v38i1.4766

Abstract

This study aims to (1) determine the effect of zakat funds on the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster. (2) to determine the effect of Business Development Service (BDS) on the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster. (3) determine the effectiveness of zakat funds and Business Development Service (BDS) for the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster. The method used in this research is quantitative method. All of the data in this study are primary data obtained by distributing questionnaires to 11 Sumur sub-district MSMEs who receive zakat funds and business development services (BDS) from the Harapan Dhuafa Amil Zakat Institute. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. All data were tested using SPSS v.19 software. The results of this study indicate, (1) Zakat funds partially have a significant effect on the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster, because the t value of the variable capital assistance is greater than the t table value (9,476> 1,894) and the significance value is smaller than the alpha value (0.000 <0.05). (2) Business Development Service (BDS) partially has a significant effect on the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster, because because the t value of the BDS variable is greater than the t table value (10,086> 1,894) and the significance value is smaller than the alpha value. (0.000 <0.05). (3). Zakat funds and Business Development Service (BDS) for the economic empowerment of MSMEs actors after the Sunda Strait Tsunami disaster.
Kontekstualisasi Ayat Pidana Pencurian Dalam Hukum Positif Indonesia Candra, Marli; Najib, M. Ainun
Al-Daulah : Journal of Criminal Law and State Administration Law Vol 13 No 1 (2024): Vol13, No. 1 2024 (Januari-Juni)
Publisher : Jurusan Hukum Tatanegara Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum Universitas Islam Negeri Alauddin

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/al-daulah.v13i1.45284

Abstract

Research Objective: This study investigates the significant abandonment of Islamic Criminal Law by examining its adaptability to contemporary contexts. It seeks to challenge the assumption that this legal framework is separate from modern legal systems through a historical analysis of Islamic jurisprudential influences on global punishment frameworks. Research Methodology: Employing a normative legal framework, the research adopts both conceptual and comparative approaches, specifically analyzing theft punishments within Islamic criminal law, Indonesian positive law, and Iranian positive law. Results: The comparative analysis reveals that, although all three legal systems share a common objective of deterrence, they employ distinct methodologies for punishment: Indonesian law predominantly utilizes imprisonment, Islamic law prescribes hand-cutting as a form of deterrent, and Iranian law implements a graduated system that ranges from finger-cutting to imprisonment. Findings and Implications: This research demonstrates that, despite the methodological differences in punishment approaches, each legal system bases its sentencing decisions on contextual factors, including the nature of the crime, the offender's background, and specific circumstances. Conclusion:  While these legal systems share a fundamental goal of deterrence, they reflect different philosophical frameworks and cultural contexts. This underscores the idea that Islamic Criminal Law can be interpreted in a contextual manner, despite its distinctive punishment methods. Contribution: This study enriches jurisprudential discourse by challenging misconceptions regarding the contemporary relevance of Islamic Criminal Law. Limitations: The study's emphasis on a single category of offense restricts a comprehensive analysis of broader criminal law approaches. Suggestions: Future research should expand comparative analyses to encompass additional legal systems and a wider range of offenses
Urgensi Penetapan Restitusi dalam Klausul Putusan di Lingkungan Pengadilan Negeri Probolinggo Najib, M. Ainun
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v3i2.2002

Abstract

Anak sudah mulai menjadi pusat perhatian dalam sistem peradilan pidana di Indonesia, baik anak korban, anak saksi maupun anak pelaku tindak pidana. Perhatian ini bisa dilihat dengan perubahan paradigma terhadap penangan kasus anak dalam beberapa undang-undang yang terkait. Namun, masalah ditemukan ketika pelaku dan korbannya adalah sama-sama anak. Masalah tersebut adalah dengan adanya benturan kepentingan. Dengan demikian diperlukan kompromi untuk menyelesaikan benturan kepentingan tersebut. Oleh karenanya penulis angkat masalah restitusi yang dapat menjadi jalan penyelesaian masalah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif yang mengkaji putusan yang ada di Pengadilan Probolinggo, data tersebut kemudian diperkuat dengan wawancara terjadap hakim di Pengadilan Negeri Probolinggo. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat benturan kepentinga, dimana kepentingan anak korban adalah pemberatan hukuman terhadap pelaku, dan kepentingan anak pelaku ada keringanan hukuman. Pada spergemuluan kepentingan tersebut dimenangkan oleh anak pelaku, sebab dalam beberapa putusan hukumannya diringankan. Dan jalan keluar agar kedua belah pihak tidak ada yang dirugikan adalah dengan menetapkan restitusi dalam klausul putusan.
Kriminalisasi Ajaran Komunisme sebagai Kejahatan terhadap Keamanan Negara Perspektif Hukum Pidana Islam Najib, M. Ainun
Komparatif: Jurnal Perbandingan Hukum dan Pemikiran Islam Vol. 4 No. 1 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Department of Comparative Mazhab Comparative, Fakulty of Shariah and Law

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/komparatif.v4i1.2193

Abstract

Abstract: Traumatised by the tragedy of the 30 September Movement of the Communist Party of Indonesia (G30SPKI), the Indonesian government took preventive steps so that the tragedy would not be repeated. This step is to criminalise the teachings of Communism/Marxism-Leninism as a crime against state security in Law Number 27 of 1999. This decision then received a lot of criticism because it was considered to limit a person's right to express opinions, and was deemed incompatible with the principle of criminalisation. This paper aims to examine the government's decision from the perspective of Islamic criminal law and Islamic penology. This research uses a normative method that examines law as a normative concept, and the research data is collected using literature study techniques sourced from various sources such as books, journals and law books. The results of this study show that the government's decision to criminalise the teachings of communism in Law Number 27 of 1999 is part of the punishment of ta'zir. However, the formulation of the article should not use formal delicacies and make punishment the ultimate remedy.Keywords: Criminalisation; Crime; Security; Islamic Criminal Law. Abstrak: Trauma dengan tragedi Gerakan 30 September Partai Komunis Indonesia (G30SPKI) membuat pemerintah Indonesia mengambil langkah preventif agar tragedi tersebut tidak terulang kembali. Langkah tersebut adalah dengan mengkriminalisasi ajaran Komunisme/Marxisme-Leninisme sebagai kejahatan terhadap keamanan negara di Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 1999. Keputusan ini kemudian mendapat banyak kritik karena dianggap membatasi hak seseorang untuk menyatakan pendapat, dan dianggap tidak sesuai dengan asas kriminalisasi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keputusan pemerintah dalam perspektif hukum pidana Islam dan penologi Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif yang mengkaji hukum sebagai suatu konsep norma, kemudian data penelitian ini dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik studi kepustakaan yang bersumber dari berbagai sumber seperti buku, jurnal dan buku hukum. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa keputusan pemerintah yang mengkriminalisasi ajaran komunisme dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 1999 merupakan bagian dari hukuman ta'zir. Meski demikian, rumusan pasalnya tidak boleh menggunakan delik formil dan menjadikan hukuman sebagai ultimum remedium.Kata Kunci: Kriminalisasi; Kriminalisasi; Kejahatan; Keamanan; Hukum Pidana Islam.  
Rekonstruksi Penetapan Masa Haid dalam Perspektif Empat Mazhab Najib, M. Ainun; Musyafa'ah, NurLailatul; Syafaq, Hammis
Al-Qanun: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pembaharuan Hukum Islam Vol 27 No 2 (2024): Al-Qanun, Vol. 27, No. 2, Desember 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/alqanun.2024.27.2.226-238

Abstract

This article explores the determination of menstruation duration from the perspectives of the four major Sunni schools of Islamic jurisprudence: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi’i, and Hanbali. The primary focus is on the differences in the minimum and maximum durations of menstruation, as well as the underlying reasons for these variances. The study examines the methodological foundations of each school in determining the menstrual cycle. This research employs a normative legal approach with a conceptual framework. Primary sources are in the form of books from the four schools, and secondary sources include books, research, and scientific articles related to menstrual fiqh. Data collection is conducted through literary data tracing, which is then analyzed descriptively. The findings highlight that the diversity of opinions stems from epistemological and methodological distinctions in interpreting scriptural texts and responding to the lack of authentic hadiths regarding the duration of menstruation. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the richness of Islamic jurisprudence, emphasizing that legal pluralism is a manifestation of intellectual diversity and divine mercy in Islam.  
Qiyas dan Asas Legalitas (Telaah Penerapan Metode Qiyas pada Hukum Pidana Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif) Najib, M. Ainun
Al-Jinayah : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022): Juni 2022
Publisher : Islamic Criminal Law Study Program, Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Ampel State Islamic University Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia.

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/aj.2022.8.1.75-84

Abstract

Abstract: Crime is growing very rapidly, far from leaving the law which is still guided by its standard editors. Qiyas method is needed to catch up. As a method of legal discovery, qiyas has been widely found in Islamic criminal law, but not with positive criminal law which in its application has a fairly large stumbling block in the form of the principle of legality as stated in Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code, even the Draft Criminal Code is more explicit in mentioning the prohibition in the Criminal Code. Article 1 paragraph (2). This journal aims to explain the relationship between qiyas and the principle of legality in criminal law. The normative method is used in this journal by researching library materials, and supported by historical studies to add to the findings. Although there is a long debate, qiyas and the principle of legality basically need each other. Qiyas has been applied to Islamic criminal law, as well as in positive criminal law with a narrow meaning. Keywords: Qiyas, Analogy, Legality, Positive Law, Islamic Law
Reading Indonesian Criminal Code through the Lens of Surah Al-Maidah Verse 44 Najib, M. Ainun; Candra, Marli; Khalil, Shahidra Abdul
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): April
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i2.311

Abstract

Abstract: Adherence to the teachings of Islamic law is obligatory for Muslims. The law is sacred and stems from revelation, whereas in a modern state system, the source of obligation comes from man-made law. This article will discuss Indonesian criminal law from the surah Al-Māidah verse 44 perspective and the potential seismic shift of Islamic criminal law becoming a positive law in Indonesia. This research is normative research, which examines law from written sources with a comparative approach. The results show that despite differences in several rules, Indonesian criminal law is in so far the philosophical perspective is in accordance with Islamic criminal law. The potential implications of this shift are significant, not only presenting a major change in the legal landscape of Indonesia but also opening up new avenues for legal research and discourse. Keywords: Islamic criminal law, Indonesian Criminal Code, Al-Māidah, Integration of Islamic law. Abstrak: Kepatuhan terhadap ajaran hukum Islam adalah kewajiban bagi umat Islam. Hukum itu suci dan berasal dari wahyu, sedangkan dalam sistem negara modern, sumber kewajiban berasal dari hukum buatan manusia. Artikel ini akan membahas hukum pidana Indonesia dari perspektif surah Al-Māidah ayat 44 dan potensi pergeseran seismik hukum pidana Islam menjadi hukum positif di Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian normatif, yang mengkaji hukum dari sumber tertulis dengan pendekatan komparatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun ada perbedaan dalam beberapa aturan, hukum pidana Indonesia sejauh ini dalam perspektif filosofis sesuai dengan hukum pidana Islam. Pergeseran potensial ini tidak hanya menghadirkan perubahan signifikan dalam lanskap hukum Indonesia, tetapi juga membuka jalan baru untuk penelitian dan wacana hukum. Kata kunci: Hukum Pidana Islam, KUHP Indonesia, Al-Māidah, Integrasi Hukum Islam.  
Restorative Justice in the Indonesian Legal System: Perspective of Maqāṣid al-Sharī'ah Najib, M. Ainun; Ezbeyda, Hamed Abdelsalam Mansour
Ma’mal: Jurnal Laboratorium Syariah dan Hukum Vol. 6 No. 4 (2025): August
Publisher : Laboratorium Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya (https://uinsa.ac.id/fsh/facility)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/mal.v5i4.434

Abstract

Abstract: Restorative justice is a new paradigm in the criminal justice system that focuses on restoring social relations between perpetrators, victims, and society. This study aims to analyze restorative justice as the implementation of the values of maqāṣid al-sharī'ah in the Indonesian legal system. This research uses a normative legal approach and a descriptive qualitative method, drawing on relevant laws and regulations and Islamic legal literature. The results of the study show that the application of restorative justice in Indonesia, as stipulated in Law Number 11 of 2012, Prosecutor's Regulation Number 15 of 2020, and Police Regulation Number 8 of 2021, represents the values of ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-māl, and ḥifẓ al-'ird in maqāṣid al-sharī'ah. The principles of peace (ṣulḥ), forgiveness ('afw), and social restoration are reflected in efforts to resolve cases outside the judicial channels. Thus, restorative justice not only offers a humanist and participatory legal settlement but also affirms the relevance of sharia values in the reform of national law, grounded in benefits and social justice. Keywords: Restorative justice, maqāṣid al-sharī'ah, Islamic law, benefits, Indonesian legal system.   Abstrak: Keadilan restoratif merupakan paradigma baru dalam sistem hukum pidana yang menitikberatkan pada pemulihan hubungan sosial antara pelaku, korban, dan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keadilan restoratif sebagai implementasi nilai-nilai maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah dalam sistem hukum Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan hukum normatif dengan metode kualitatif deskriptif, melalui kajian terhadap peraturan perundang-undangan dan literatur hukum Islam yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan keadilan restoratif di Indonesia, sebagaimana diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2012, Peraturan Kejaksaan Nomor 15 Tahun 2020, dan Peraturan Kepolisian Nomor 8 Tahun 2021, merepresentasikan nilai-nilai ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-māl, dan ḥifẓ al-‘ird dalam maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. Prinsip perdamaian (ṣulḥ), pengampunan (‘afw), dan pemulihan sosial tercermin dalam upaya penyelesaian perkara di luar jalur peradilan. Dengan demikian, keadilan restoratif tidak hanya menghadirkan penyelesaian hukum yang humanis dan partisipatif, tetapi juga menegaskan relevansi nilai-nilai syariah dalam pembaruan hukum nasional berbasis kemaslahatan dan keadilan sosial. Kata kunci: Keadilan restoratif, maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah, hukum Islam, kemaslahatan, sistem hukum Indonesia.  
Menjawab Kelemahan Sistem Peradilan: Peluang Dan Tantangan Penerapan Wilāyah Al-Maẓālim Di Indonesia Najib, M. Ainun
Sosio Yustisia: Jurnal Hukum dan Perubahan Sosial Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): May
Publisher : Magister Hukum Tata Negara Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/sosyus.v5i1.811

Abstract

Fenomena banyaknya kasus besar yang belum terselesaikan di Indonesia, khususnya yang melibatkan pejabat negara, mencerminkan lemahnya kinerja lembaga peradilan dalam menegakkan keadilan. Salah satu penyebab utama dari kondisi ini adalah adanya tekanan kekuasaan yang mengintervensi proses hukum. Penelitian ini berupaya menawarkan solusi melalui pengkajian konsep dan kelembagaan wilāyah al-maẓālim. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, studi ini menguraikan prinsip-prinsip dasar wilāyah al-maẓālim serta menganalisis potensi dan tantangan implementasinya dalam konteks Indonesia. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan yang mencakup sumber-sumber seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku, literatur klasik (kitab salaf), serta laporan berita dari media massa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa wilāyah al-maẓālim memiliki peluang besar untuk diadopsi di Indonesia karena sejalan dengan prinsip checks and balances sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 24 UUD 1945. Meski demikian, penerapan konsep ini dihadapkan pada berbagai tantangan kompleks, baik dari aspek yuridis, politis, maupun desain kelembagaan.
Co-Authors Atiah, Isti Nuzulul Ezbeyda, Hamed Abdelsalam Mansour Hammis Syafaq Khalil, Shahidra Abdul Najmudin Najmudin Nur Lailatul Musyafa’ah