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THE CONSTRUCTION OF THIRD SPACE IN ELIF SHAFAK’S TWO NOVELS Asyifa, Nurul Hanun; Zulyeno, Bastian
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 8, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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This article analyzes how public spaces—in the forms of two cafes and a tavern—are constructed as a third space in Elif Shafak's two novels, “The Bastard of Istanbul” (2008) and “The Island of Missing Trees” (2021). This research is a qualitative study with an approach in spatiality. The theory used in this study is the theory of Thirdspace by Edward Soja. The results of the study indicate that as the representation of the third space, the two cafes and a tavern in Shafak's two novels promote resistance to the conflicts and their impacts on the two conflicting groups, as well as constructed as sites that unite the groups. In “The Bastard of Istanbul”, the communication and relationships between the characters in Café Kundera and Café Constantinopolis show resistance to issues related to the 1915 Armenian genocide that gives impacts on the Turkish and Armenian relationship. Moreover, in “The Island of Missing Trees”, the characters’ friendship and intimacy at The Happy Fig Tavern show opposition to the ongoing internal conflict between Greek Cypriots and Turkish Cypriots which causes ethnic and territorial separation. A further examination of the third space reveals two different ways in how Shafak presents public spaces in both novels, specifically in terms of the visitors’ portrayal and the two distinct eras in which these public spaces are set. The outcomes of these two differences show that: (1) "The Bastard of Istanbul" is more political and explicit in its criticism of the Turkish government; and (2) "The Island of Missing Trees" focuses on the vulnerability of the third space during social conflicts, whereas "The Bastard of Istanbul" focuses on post-conflict recovery and reconciliation.
LOCAL WISDOM IN CLASSICAL PERSIAN TEXT Zulyeno, Bastian
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 5, No. 1
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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THE POSITION OF WATER AND RIVER IN CLASSICAL PERSIAN LITERATURE Zulyeno, Bastian
International Review of Humanities Studies Vol. 4, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Water is one of the four elements (water, fire, soil and wind) that are most important in the history of human civilization. In the history of literature and religions in the world, water in the general picture is symbolized as a purification medium for humans to achieve happiness in life. For example, the story of the journey of Iskandar Zulkarnain and the Prophet Khidir in searching for springs of life, as well as the Prophet Moses who was washed away in the Nile, and so forth many stories and legends related to water. The Euphrates and Tigris rivers are two rivers whose water flows for a Mesopotamian civilization, even Babylon which became the capital at that time was built right on the banks of the Euphrates river. Rivers in the water system are included in the physical form of fresh water, in addition to ponds, rain and reservoirs. Where there is a river there must be life flowing with it, so that from clear water also appear phrases and terms like clear mind, light and holy, because the symbol of clarity in all things is always represented by the clearness of water. This paper will discuss how water including the river inspires Persian writers and poets in writing his works. In this paper only two poets focused on Jalaluddin Rumi and Hafez.
REPRESENTASI KEBUDAYAAN TIMUR TENGAH DI REGION SUMERU DALAM GIM GENSHIN IMPACT Timutius, Tomi; Zulyeno, Bastian
Multikultura Vol. 3, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Saat ini, banyak ditemukan game yang menggabungkan unsur-unsur budaya dengan tujuan tertentu. Unsur-unsur budaya dari dunia nyata biasanya diimplementasikan sebagai negara atau wilayah virtual. Salah satu game yang menggabungkan unsur-unsur budaya dari dunia nyata adalah Genshin Impact. Penelitian ini membahas representasi budaya Timur Tengah di wilayah Sumeru dalam Genshin Impact. Korpus penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah budaya Sumeru dalam Genshin Impact, seperti sistem pengetahuan, arsitektur, makanan, dan kepercayaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan menjelaskan representasi budaya Timur Tengah yang diimplementasikan dalam sebuah game. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif- kualitatif dengan pendekatan komparatif. Analisis dilakukan dengan mengamati game dan mengumpulkan data budaya darinya. Data tersebut kemudian dibandingkan dengan data budaya berdasarkan studi literatur untuk memahami budaya Timur Tengah yang disajikan dalam Genshin Impact. Kemudian data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan Teori Representasi Reflektif Stuart Hall (1977). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa wilayah Sumeru cukup mewakili unsur-unsur budaya di Timur Tengah, seperti perayaan hari raya Nowruz, Bayt al-Hikmah pada masa Abasiyyah, kompleks bangunan piramida Giza, budaya kuliner, dan representasi suku Eremit sebagai suku Berber.
Citra Perempuan Dalam Cerita Rakyat Timun Mas Dan Kaguyahime No Monogatari: Kajian Sastra Bandingan Firmansyah, Ryan; Zulyeno, Bastian
Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): Alinea: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajaran
Publisher : Bale Literasi: Lembaga Riset, Pelatihan & Edukasi, Sosial, Publikasi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58218/alinea.v4i3.1147

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Comparative literature is one of the theoretical approaches used to compare literary works, including folklore, which is an important part of oral tradition. Folktales, which are passed down from generation to generation, are interesting objects of study to analyze. This research aims to compare various aspects of feminism contained in the stories of Timun Mas and Kaguyahime No Monogatari. In analyzing these two stories, this research uses a comparative approach developed by Wellek & Warren and Ruthven's feminist approach. The method used is descriptive qualitative method with comparative literature study technique, which allows a detailed description of the similarities and differences between the two stories. The object of study in this research are the two folktales. The results of the analysis show that there are similarities between the two, which can be seen in the two main female characters who are trapped by the patriarchal culture carried out by male characters. However, the differences between the two can be seen in the reactions of the female protagonists when confronted with the patriarchal culture. This difference reflects two very different responses to social and gender norms in two different cultures, and shows how the role of women in a patriarchal society can be contrasted in literary works from different traditions.
The Intersection of Literature and Da’wah: Exploring Equality in Dua Barista Novel Haryanti, Novi Diah; Zuhdi, Muhammad Luthfi; Setyani, Turita Indah; Zulyeno, Bastian
KOMUNIKA: Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Dakwah UIN Saizu Purwokerto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24090/komunika.v19i1.12157

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The novel Dua Barista by Najhaty Sharma discusses equality in the background of Islamic boarding schools. As a caretaker of the Islamic boarding school, Najhaty Sharma makes her novel a da'wah medium to spread religious discourse, fiqh, kindness, fairness, and equality. As a tool of the author's da'wah, this novel provides an impressive perspective on living a polygamous life. This article examines the idea of equality in the novel Dua Barista. The method utilized in the research is novel-based literature, which is the object of research. The qualitative description method is used to look at data by its quotations in the text that show the idea of equality. The results of the study show that through narrative strategy, the author shows the partiality of the female protagonist in responding to body and reproductive matters and making monogamous marriage an option. This research has implications for the study of literature and gender through the literature of Islamic boarding schools depicting the character of beautiful, intelligent, brave, rebellious female characters and having a leadership spirit reflecting the idea of equality and resistance to the patriarchal culture in Islamic boarding schools. As a da'wah medium, literature can voice the idea of equality in Islamic boarding schools that are considered patriarchal
Modern ecocritical movements in pop-culture: Songs as a medium of environmental concerns about urbanization in 1970s American radio hits Arum, Dewi Sekar; Zulyeno, Bastian
EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature and Culture Vol 10, No 1 (2025): February 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/e.10.1.103-119

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As an interdisciplinary study, ecocriticism has significantly influenced the recognition of ecological concerns within the cultural phenomena of literature, including popular narratives such as songs. The use of poetic narratives in songs to address ecological issues and agendas has garnered expansive interest in the social marketplace, driven by the interplay of natural, cultural, and political dialogues. This study employed Roland Barthes’s semiotic perspective and Greg Garrard’s ecocritical theory to analyze environmental themes in the lyrics of three songs: “Big Yellow Taxi” by Joni Mitchell, “Ain’t It a Sad Thing” by Richard Dean Taylor, and “Apeman” by The Kinks. These songs, through their literary narratives, explored key ecocritical concepts such as pollution, animals, dwelling, and the earth, highlighting the impacts of urban life on ecological systems. Using a qualitative approach to interpret the data, the analysis reveals that, as early as the 1970s, environmental awareness of ecological damage was a recognized global concern. The lyrics serve as a medium of social critique, emphasizing the importance of harmony between humans and nature. Through their representation of the human-nature relationship, the songs contribute to an understanding of the interconnection between civilization and sustainability, promoting environmental ethics in managing the natural world. By projecting ecological issues within their narratives, the songs stimulate ecological awareness and underscore the urgency of addressing environmental challenges.
Latar Sosial Budaya dalam Tiga Cerpen dalam Kumpulan Cerpen Kumpulan Budak Setan Fadilah, Nurmilah; Zulyeno, Bastian
Imajeri: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22236/imajeri.v7i2.14404

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Penghadiran benda gaib dalam cerpen “Jimat Sero” karya Eka Kurniawan, “Goyang Penasaran” karya Intan Paramaditha, dan “Topeng Darah” karya Ugoran Prasad menunjukkan latar sosial budaya masyarakat yang masih terpengaruh dengan kepercayaan tradisional. Sehingga, penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengungkapkan pengaruh benda gaib terhadap latar sosial dan budaya masyarakat yang masih terpengaruh dengan kondisi tradisional. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data baca dan catat yang ditindaklanjuti dengan analisis data untuk memperjelas data-data yang mengungkap latar sosial dan budaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam kepercayaan masyarakat masih terpengaruh dengan sistem kepercayaan tradisional atau dinamisme seperti menggunakan benda gaib untuk mencapai tujuan sehingga menyebabkan adanya dampak negatif seperti pelanggaran norma dan menimbulkan sanksi bagi penggunanya. Dari dampak negatif tersebut menunjukkan adanya objektifikasi perempuan yang dijadikan tumbal atas penggunaan benda gaib. Ketiga cerpen tersebut menunjukkan kehidupan sosial dan budaya masyarakat yang terpengaruh dengan benda gaib hanya merasakan kesenangan sementara.
Fenomenologi Sartrean pada Komik the Dagingtumbuh: Eksistensi Sastra Bawah Tanah di Yogyakarta Utami, Rahma Azkiya; Zulyeno, Bastian
Jurnal Onoma: Pendidikan, Bahasa, dan Sastra Vol. 11 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Cokroaminoto Palopo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30605/onoma.v11i2.5889

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Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membongkar eksistensi komik The Dagingtumbuh sebagai salah satu karya sastra bawah tanah di Yogyakarta. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi Jean Paul Sartre. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi literatur dan wawancara. Sejak tahun 2000 sampai dengan 2024, komik The Dagingtumbuh telah menghasilkan 21 karya komik kompilasi. Komik The Dagingtumbuh sebagai karya sastra bawah tanah mengacu pada konsep cetak fotokopi dan tanpa cetak ulang. Seluruh proses dalam komik ini dikelola secara mandiri dan sukarela dengan menjunjung nilai-nilai kebebasan berekspresi. Eksistensi komik ini sempat vakum beberapa tahun karena perubahan kepengurusan. Komik The Dagingtumbuh menampilkan beragam topik yang cenderung kontroversional, seperti isu sosial-politik hingga seks. Meskipun demikian, eksistensi komik ini dapat menjadi bentuk refleksi terhadap makna kebebasan, seperti dalam pembungkaman opini publik hingga tindakan prostitusi. Melalui fenomenologi, komik The Dagingtumbuh dapat memberikan edukasi mengenai kebebasan yang selalu berhubungan dengan tanggung jawab sehingga berbagai problematika kehidupan dapat memperoleh solusi sekaligus menjadi pembelajaran melalui keputusan yang bijaksana. Dengan demikian, eksistensi komik The Dagingtumbuh sebagai karya sastra bawah tanah memperoleh pengakuan publik melalui wujud kebebasan berekspresi dalam ruang berkesenian di Yogyakarta.
Cerpen-cerpen Lekra (1950—1965) sebagai strategi perjuangan politik PKI Junaidi, Ahmad Syafa'at; Wasono, Sunu; Zulyeno, Bastian
Diglosia: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya Vol 6 No 4 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/diglosia.v6i4.789

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This study aims to reveal the contents and objectives contained in Lekra's short stories, which were published in Harian Rakjat in 1950–1965. The data source for this research is in the form of short stories: Paman by L.S. Retno, Gambar Pemimpin by Saibun, Kebangunan di Kota Bengawan by Namikakanda, and Loper by Putu Oka. This research is qualitative, using library research methods. The results of the study show that these short stories are loaded with political interests of the PKI as part of the PKI's struggle to influence the masses so that the PKI succeeds in the political competition in Indonesia in 1950–1965. In addition, these short stories show that there is a close relationship between literature (Lekra), politics (PKI), and the media (Harian Rakjat). From this relationship, literature and the media at that time were under political control. Lekra as a cultural institution in Indonesia became a political tool for the PKI to influence the ideology of readers and its supporters, and the Harian Rakjat was used by the PKI as a medium for spreading it. Basically, both Lekra and Harian Rakjat were tools for realising PKI politics, and both were in positions facilitated by the PKI.