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Rachman, Aulia
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Comprehensive Characterization of Fly Ash as a Sustainable Supplementary Cementitious Material Syahyadi, Rizal; Saidi, Taufiq; Hasan, Muttaqin; Akhyar; Fauzi, Amir; Rachman, Aulia
Civil Engineering Journal Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026): February
Publisher : Salehan Institute of Higher Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28991/CEJ-2026-012-02-015

Abstract

Sustainable development seeks to meet present needs without harming future generations. Rising energy demand from coal-fired power plants increases CO₂ emissions and produces fly ash (FA). The cement industry, responsible for about 7% of global CO₂ emissions, also consumes large amounts of energy. Incorporating FA as a partial or complete substitute for cement in concrete provided both environmental and performance advantages. Hence, this study focused on exploring the potential of FA from Nagan Raya (FANR) as a cementitious material for cement replacement. FANR was analyzed using XRF, XRD, FTIR, SEM, and EDS. It mainly contained SiO₂ (48.04%), Al₂O₃ (27.62%), and Fe₂O₃ (11.78%), meeting ASTM Class F fly ash standards. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of amorphous phases along with quartz and mullite crystals. FTIR showed silicate hydration products (C–S–H and C–A–H gels) at different water–cement ratios. SEM showed spherical particles with rough surfaces, which enhance reactivity but also increase water absorption and reduce workability. EDS confirmed silicate and aluminosilicate compositions. These results highlight FANR’s potential as a sustainable cement replacement, despite workability issues.
Co-Authors Akhyar Amir Fauzi Ammar Fadhil Amna, Khirul Armaya, Devira Yuda Asrianda Asrianda Cut Zukhrina Oktaviani Diana, Mhd. Arief Fachry Abda El Rahman Fidyatun Nisa Hasan, Muttaqin Junaedi Abdillah, Junaedi Khairul Amna, Khairul Lidya Rosnita Liza Afra Muhammad Azhari Muhammad Ikhwani Muhammad Reza Mulizar Mulizar Mulyadi, Rizki Nurfebruary, Nanda Sitti Nurwijayanti Putra, Irsan Herlandi Rina Pebriana, Rina Sagala, Vreslisawati Syahyadi, Rizal Taufiq Saidi Yenrizal Yenrizal Yusputri, Rafiqa Muhnita