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Performance Analysis of Docker-based NFV Service Chaining Networks in a Single-Host Environment Fitroh, Rayhan Ziqrul; Ichsan, Ichwan Nul
SISTEMASI Vol 15, No 2 (2026): Sistemasi: Jurnal Sistem Informasi
Publisher : Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32520/stmsi.v15i2.5898

Abstract

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Service Function Chaining (SFC) enable network functions to be deployed as Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) on flexible commodity servers. However, chaining multiple VNFs within a service chain may degrade data-plane performance, particularly in container-based environments. This study analyzes the performance of container-based SFC in a single-host Docker environment under three scenarios: (1) a direct client–server connection without VNFs (baseline), (2) the addition of a single Layer 3 (L3) VNF in the form of an iptables firewall, and (3) the integration of an L3 firewall VNF combined with a Layer 4 (L4) load balancer VNF based on HAProxy. Performance evaluation was conducted by measuring TCP throughput using iperf3, end-to-end latency using ping, and CPU utilization of each container using docker stats. The results indicate that adding the L3 firewall reduces throughput by approximately 33% and nearly doubles latency compared to the baseline. Meanwhile, incorporating the L4 load balancer causes throughput degradation of up to 92%. CPU utilization analysis shows that the kernel-space firewall introduces minimal additional overhead in user space, whereas the L4 VNF becomes the primary source of CPU saturation. These findings suggest that, in container-based SFC deployments on a single-host Docker environment, performance bottlenecks are primarily driven by user-space L4 VNFs rather than kernel-based L3 forwarding. Therefore, L4 VNFs require special consideration when designing service chaining architectures for resource-constrained edge nodes.
Implementation of Inter-Building Wireless Backhaul using Ubiquiti 5AC Gen2 and MikroTik Fadhillah, Hashfi Adha; Ichsan, Ichwan Nul
Sistemasi: Jurnal Sistem Informasi Vol 15, No 3 (2026): Sistemasi: Jurnal Sistem Informasi
Publisher : Program Studi Sistem Informasi Fakultas Teknik dan Ilmu Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32520/stmsi.v15i3.6128

Abstract

This study aims to implement and evaluate the performance of an inter-building wireless backhaul network using the Ubiquiti LiteBeam 5AC Gen2 integrated with a MikroTik router as a solution for internet distribution without the need to subscribe to an additional ISP service. The study is motivated by the increasing demand for high-speed and reliable network connectivity between buildings, while wired network implementations are often limited in terms of cost and installation flexibility. The research adopts an experimental approach with descriptive quantitative analysis through direct measurement of Quality of Service (QoS) parameters, including throughput, delay, and jitter. Testing was conducted under three scenarios: a direct wireless backhaul link, a WiFi network on the first floor, and a WiFi network on the second floor of the building. The results show that the wireless backhaul provides an average throughput of 87.95 Mbps for download and 48.60 Mbps for upload, with a delay of 1.19 ms. On the access network side, the achieved throughput remains sufficient for user needs, although delay and jitter increase as the number of connected devices and traffic load grows. This study concludes that the implementation of an IEEE 802.11ac-based wireless backhaul using Ubiquiti LiteBeam 5AC Gen2 and MikroTik is effective as a medium-scale inter-building connectivity solution, delivering performance that meets typical daily internet service requirements.
Optimized Hybrid CLDNN Architecture with Enhanced Temporal-Spatial Feature Extraction for Robust Automatic Modulation Classification in Cognitive Radio Networks Alifi, Daryan Pratama; Dinata, Hane Yorda; Suranegara, Galura Muhammad; Ichsan, Ichwan Nul
Journal of Computer Science, Information Technology and Telecommunication Engineering Vol 7, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jcositte.v7i1.28935

Abstract

Automatic Modulation Classification (AMC) is a pivotal technology for efficient spectrum management in future cognitive radio networks. While Deep Learning has advanced the field, standard Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) often struggle to capture long-term temporal dependencies in signals affected by fading. This study proposes an Optimized Hybrid CLDNN architecture that integrates a "Wide-Kernel" CNN (k=7) for enhanced spatial feature extraction and a "High-Capacity" LSTM (100 units) for robust temporal modeling. Experimental validation using the RadioML 2016.10a dataset demonstrates that the proposed optimizations yield significant performance gains. Specifically, the model achieves a classification accuracy of 84.5% at 0 dB SNR, outperforming standard baselines in the critical transition regime. Furthermore, it reaches a peak accuracy of 92.4% at high SNR (+18 dB). A notable finding is the reduction of inter-class confusion between 16-QAM and 64-QAM, where the misclassification rate is suppressed to approximately 15%, confirming the architecture's effectiveness in resolving hierarchical modulation ambiguities in dynamic wireless environments.
An Analysis of Gender Diversity in Top Management and Its Impact on Carbon Emission Disclosure Ichsan, Ichwanul; Dahlan, Muhammad; Amrania, Gia Kardina Prima
Jurnal Akuntansi, Keuangan, dan Manajemen Vol 7 No 2 (2026): Maret
Publisher : Penerbit Goodwood

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35912/jakman.v7i2.6078

Abstract

Purpose: This study examines the impact of top management gender diversity on carbon emissions disclosure in IDX-listed companies from 2019 to 2023. Research Methodology: This quantitative study utilizes purposive sampling and panel data regression to analyze secondary data from the annual and sustainability reports of IDX-listed companies in the energy, basic materials, and primary consumer sectors (2019–2023), investigating the impact of top management gender diversity on carbon emission disclosure while controlling for firm size, sustainability committees, profitability, and managerial ownership. Results: All variables, including gender diversity, significantly impact carbon emissions disclosure when considered together. The sustainability committee shows a significant positive effect, while profitability has a significant negative effect; in contrast, gender diversity, firm size, and managerial ownership have no significant impact. Conclusions: This study concludes that while all variables simultaneously affect carbon disclosure, only the sustainability committee and profitability significantly enhance transparency, whereas gender diversity has no impact. This proves that formal governance structures are more effective in driving environmental disclosures than management demographics. These findings serve as a strategic recommendation for regulators and companies to strengthen sustainability reporting standards in Indonesia. Limitations: This study is limited to three industrial sectors, lacks qualitative depth, and has a five-year observation period that may not reflect long-term trends. Contributions: This study enriches the environmental accounting literature on emerging markets and offers policy implications for regulators regarding carbon reporting standardization and incentive schemes to accelerate national ESG adoption.