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All Journal Tengkawang : Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan Journal of Sylva Indonesiana Jurnal Kehutanan Papuasia (Journal of Papuasia Forestry) Jurnal Silva Tropika Jurnal Industri Furnitur dan Pengolahan Kayu
Wijayanto, Arip
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Earth & Planetary Sciences Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering

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Journal : Jurnal Silva Tropika

 1 
Pengaruh Kadar Air dan Ketebalan Papan Terhadap Laju Pengeringan Kayu Karet (Hevea brasiliensis) dengan Penerapan Fase Pendinginan : The Effect of Water Content and Thickness of Rubber Wood (Hevea brasiliensis) Board on The Drying Rate with the Application of the Cooling Phase Wijayanto, Arip
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v8i2.35227

Abstract

ABSTRACT Rubber wood is one of the wood species used as furniture raw material. Before processing it into furniture, it needs to be dried first until the moisture content meets the SNI requirements. In this study, drying data for rubber wood with different initial moisture content at several different thicknesses were taken from a furniture company in Central Java and then analyzed descriptively using Microsoft Excel. In the drying process, the company applies a cooling phase in between the heating phases. The results of the data analysis show that drying wood with a thickness of 30 mm takes longer than that with a thickness of 25 mm. On the other hand, in the same initial moisture content range, rubber wood with a thickness of 30 mm has a drying rate that is smaller than the drying rate for wood with a thickness of 25 mm. In the higher moisture content ranges the wood drying rate is greater than rubber wood with a low initial moisture content.   Keywords: cooling phase, drying, moisture content, rubber wood, thickness   ABSTRAK Salah satu jenis kayu yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku furnitur adalah kayu karet. Sebelum diolah menjadi furnitur kayu karet perlu dikeringkan terlebih dahulu sampai kadar airnya memenuhi persyaratan SNI tentang kayu untuk furnitur. Penelitian ini data pengeringan kayu karet dengan kadar air awal berbeda pada beberapa jenis ketebalan berbeda diambil dari perusahaan furnitur di Jawa Tengah dan kemudian diolah secara deskriptif menggunakan microsoft excel. Proses pengeringan di perusahaan tersebut menerapkan fase pendinginan di sela-sela fase pemanasan. Hasil pengolahan data menunjukkan bahwa pengeringan kayu ketebalan 30 mm membutuhkan waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan ketebalan 25 mm. Sebaliknya, pada rentang kadar air awal yang sama kayu karet dengan ketebalan 30 mm memiliki laju pengeringan yang lebih kecil dibandingkan laju pengeringan kayu ketebalan 25 mm. Rentang kadar air yang lebih tinggi laju pengeringan kayu lebih besar dibandingkan kayu karet dengan kadar air awal yang rendah.   Kata kunci: fase pendinginan,kadar air, kayu karet, ketebalan,  pengeringan
Pengaruh Steam dan Variasi Lapisan Terhadap Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Partikel Hibrida Kayu Jabon dan Bambu Betung: Effect of Steam and Layer Variation on The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jabon Wood and Betung Bamboo Hybrid Particleboard Muhamad, Soleh; Wijayanto, Arip; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Mulyosari, Desy; Anggiriani, Siska
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44191

Abstract

ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the physical and mechanical properties of hybrid particleboard fabricated from jabon wood (Anthocephalus cadamba) and betung bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) with the application of steam treatment and variations in the arrangement of particleboard layers. The steam conditioning was executed via autoclaving at a temperature of 126 ºC for a duration of 60 minutes under a pressure of 0.14 MPa to improve particle quality prior to the board manufacturing process. The particleboards were architected following a face/core/back schema with three layered variations, namely jabon particleboard, hybrid jabon/bamboo/jabon, and bamboo/jabon/bamboo. The adhesive agent utilized was urea-formaldehyde (UF), applied at a proportion of 10% relative to the oven-dry weight of the particles. The dimensional specifications of the particleboards were fixed at 30 × 30 × 0.9 cm³, targeting a density of 0.6 g/cm³. The appraisal of the physical and mechanical properties was conducted in strict adherence to JIS A 5908-2003, encompassing density, moisture content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity. The empirical outcomes intimate that the hybrid particleboard with a bamboo/jabon/bamboo subjected to steam treatment manifested superlative performance, substantially augmenting the physical and mechanical properties made from jabon wood and betung bamboo.   Keywords: betung bamboo, hybrid, jabon wood, particleboard, steam.   ABSTRAK Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengkaji sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel hibrida yang terbuat dari kayu jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) dan bambu betung (Dendrocalamus asper) dengan penerapan perlakuan steam serta variasi susunan lapisan papan partikel. Perlakuan steam dilakukan menggunakan autoklaf dengan suhu 126 ºC dengan lama 60 menit dengan tekanan 0,14 MPa untuk meningkatkan kualitas partikel sebelum proses pembuatan papan. Papan partikel disusun dengan pola face/core/back dalam tiga variasi lapisan, yaitu papan partikel jabon, hibrida jabon/bambu/jabon, dan hibrida bambu/jabon/bambu. Perekat yang digunakan yaitu urea formaldehida (UF) sebanyak 10% dari berat kering partikel. Dimensi papan partikel adalah 30x30x0,9 cm³ dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm³. Evaluasi sifat fisis dan mekanis mengikuti kriteria JIS A 5908-2003, mencakup kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal, modulus of rupture dan modulus of elasticity. Hasil penelitian mengindikasi bahwasanya papan partikel hibrida dengan susunan bambu/jabon/bambu dan perlakuan steam menghasilkan performa terbaik, serta mampu meningkatkan sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel berbahan kayu jabon dan bambu betung.   Kata kunci: bambu betung, hibrida, kayu jabon, papan partikel, steam.
Pengaruh Proses Bleaching Terhadap Finishing Kayu Pinus Dan Kayu Karet Terserang Blue Stain: The Effect of Bleaching Process on Finishing of Pine Wood and Rubber Wood Attacked by Blue Stain Mulyosari, Desy; Wijayanto, Arip; Muhamad, Soleh; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Anggiriani, Siska; Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan; Widiyanto, Wahyu
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44692

Abstract

ABSTRACT One of the problems faced by the furniture industry is the attack of coloring fungi or what is commonly called blue stain. The attack of coloring fungi causes color changes so that the appearance of the wood decreases. The bleaching process is one way that can be done to overcome the attack of blue stain. The bleaching process in the industry uses the chemical white agent 250 (WA-250). However, research related to the effect of the bleaching process on the finishing of pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain has not been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of the bleaching process on the finishing of pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain. Finishing tests include testing the adhesion of the finishing layer (cross cut test) referring to ASTM D 3359, flexibility testing is carried out with a coin test, and hardness testing refers to ASTM D 3363. The results of this study are that the bleaching process does not affect the finishing process on pine wood and rubber wood attacked by blue stain, both those treated with bleaching and those without bleaching treatment, which are included in the same finishing quality category. Based on the adhesion test, it is included in class 4B (Good) and its flexibility gets a value of 5 (very good), while the hardness of the finishing layer is in the less category.   Keywords: bleaching, blue stain, finishing, pine wood, rubber wood   ABSTRAK Permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh industri furnitur salah satunya adalah serangan jamur pewarna atau yang biasa disebut blue stain. Serangan jamur pewarna tersebut menyebabkan perubahan warna sehingga terjadi penurunan penampilan kayu. Proses bleaching merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi adanya serangan blue stain. Proses bleaching pada industri menggunakan bahan kimia white agent 250 (WA-250). Namun, penelitian terkait pengaruh proses bleaching pada finishing kayu pinus dan kayu karet terserang blue stain belum dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh proses bleaching terhadap finishing pada kayu pinus dan kayu karet yang terserang blue stain. Pengujian finishing meliputi pengujian daya lekat lapisan finishing (cross cut test) mengacu pada ASTM D 3359, pengujian fleksilbilitas dilakukan dengan coin test, dan pengujian kekerasan mengacu pada ASTM D 3363. Hasil penelitian ini adalah proses bleaching tidak mempengaruhi proses finishing pada kayu pinus dan kayu karet yang terserang blue stain baik yang diberi perlakuan bleaching maupun tanpa perlakuan bleaching masuk dalam kategori kualitas finishing yang sama. Berdasarkan uji daya lekat termasuk pada kelas 4B (baik) dan fleksibilitasnya memperoleh nilai 5 (sangat bagus), sedangkan kekerasan lapisan finishingnya kategori kurang. Kata kunci: bleaching, blue stain, finishing, kayu karet, kayu pinus
Pengaruh Bleaching Terhadap Sifat Fisis Dan Perubahan Warna Kayu Pinus (Pinus merkusii Jungh et de Vriese) Terserang Blue Stain: The Effect of Bleaching on Physical Properties and Color Change of Blue Stain-Infected Pine Wood Anggiriani, Siska; Wijayanto, Arip; Nurhanifah, Nurhanifah; Muhamad, Soleh; Mulyosari, Desy; Widiyanto, Wahyu; Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 9 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jurnalsilvatropika.v9i1.44803

Abstract

ABSTRACT Pine is one of wood species that widely used as raw material for furniture making. Pine is easy to obtain, easy to work with, and has distinctive colors and patterns. However, pine is susceptible to being attacked by contaminating fungi (blue stain) on its surface. Blue stain attack wood surface is a problem that must be solved due to its effect on wood appearance. The idea to restrain this problem is bleaching process. Bleaching process carried out in this study used 25% sodium hypochlorite which was dissolved in water in a ratio of 1:2 (w/w). The bleaching process carried out has a significant effect on  moisture content (MC) of pine wood, but does not have a significant effect on its density. The MC value of pine wood after bleaching tends to increase compared to the untreated wood. The color change of pine wood after bleaching is indicated by the ΔE value (3.0 < ΔE < 6.0) which is classified as a moderate effect. The color of the control pine wood was originally slightly desaturated orange and after bleaching it became slightly desaturated orange   Keywords: bleaching, color change, finishing, furniture, pine.   ABSTRAK Pinus merupakan salah satu jenis kayu yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan furnitur. Hal ini karena Pinus  mudah mudah didapatkan, mudah dikerjakan, dan memiliki warna dan corak yang khas. Namun, Pinus rentan terserang jamur pengotor (blue stain) pada permukaannya. Serangan blue stain pada permukaan kayu merupakan permasalahan yang harus diatasi karena adanya seranagn blue stain dapat mempengaruhi penampilan kayu. Salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut adalah melakukan proses bleaching. Proses bleaching yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini menggunakan sodium hipoklorit 25% yang dilarutkan menggunakan air dengan perbandingan 1:2 (b/b). Proses bleaching yang dilakukan berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air (KA) kayu pinus, namun tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kerapatannya. Nilai KA kayu pinus setelah bleaching cenderung meningkat dibanding kontrolnya. Perubahan warna kayu Pinus setelah bleaching ditunjukkan dengan nilai ΔE (3,0 < ΔE < 6,0) yang tergolong pengaruhnya sedang. Warna pada kayu pinus control semula berwarna slightly desaturated orange dan setelah bleaching menjadi slightly desaturated orange.   Kata kunci: bleaching, finishing, furnitur, perubahan warna, pinus.
Pengaruh Jenis Finir Dan Jumlah Perekat Terhadap Kualitas Plywood Interior : Effect of Veneer Type and Amount of Adhesive on Plywood Face Coating Nurmadina, Nurmadina; Wijayanto, Arip; Widiyanto, Wahyu; Nugroho, Alfani Risman; Purwanto, Agung Ari
Jurnal Silva Tropika Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): Jurnal Silva Tropika
Publisher : Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/jsilvtrop.v6i2.23788

Abstract

Utilization of composite boards for furniture has been widely used in order to substitute solid wood. Coating veneer (veneering) is a technique to improve the appearance of composite panel products, such as plywood. This research was conducted to determine the effect of the type of veneer and the mass of adhesive lath on the physical and mechanical properties of veneering plywood. The veneer used are from teak, mahogany and mindi. The adhesive used was polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) with a melting weight of 130 g/m2, 150 g/m2, 170 g/m2. The results showed that the type of veneer had no effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the composite board. The physical properties in the form of density are affected by the weight of the adhesive, the higher the amount of adhesive, the higher the density. Veneer delamination with glue spread of 150 and 170 g/m2 complies with JAS Type 2 standards. Veneer composite products with PVAc adhesives can be used in interior areas where there is frequent short term exposure to water.   Keywords: adhesive, glue spread, plywood, veneer   ABSTRAK Pemanfaatan plywood untuk furnitur telah banyak digunakan dalam rangka mensubtitusi kayu pejal. Veneering merupakan suatu teknik pelapisan permukaan untuk meningkatkan penampilan panel misalnya pada plywood. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis finir dan berat labur perekat terhadap sifat fisika dan mekanika veneering plywood. Finir yang digunakan adalah dari kayu jati, mahoni dan mindi. Perekat yang digunakan adalah polyvinyl asetat (PVAc) dengan berat labur 130 g/m2, 150 g/m2, 170 g/m2 . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan jenis finir tidak berpengaruh terhadap sifat fisika, mekanika papan komposit. Sifat kerapatan dipengaruhi oleh berat labur perekat, yaitu semakin tinggi berat labur maka kerapatan semakin meningkat. Delaminasi veneering dengan berat labur 150 dan 170 g/m2 memenuhi standar JAS Type 2. Produk komposit veneering dengan perekat PVAc dapat digunakan pada interior dan dapat perpapar kelembapan secara singkat.   Katakunci: berat labur, finir, perekat, plywood
Co-Authors Anggiriani, Siska Aulia'a, Fara Farizkia Bahtiar Rahmat Fitrianto, Taufik Ramadhan Muhamad, Soleh Mulyana, Elda Mulyosari, Desy Nugroho, Alfani Risman Nurhanifah Nurhanifah Nurhanifah Nurmadina, Nurmadina Purwanto, Agung Ari Wahyu Widiyanto Wahyu Widiyanto, Wahyu