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Dynamic Changes of Gut Microbiome in Borneo Earless Monitor Lizard Across Different Diets Diana, Milsa Solva; Fitri, Ainissya; Anja, Meryandini; Ridwan, Roni
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 32 No. 1 (2025): January 2025
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.4308/hjb.32.1.80-88

Abstract

The Borneo earless monitor lizard (Lanthanotus borneensis) is one of the endemic animals of Indonesia. In 2019, the IUCN listed L. borneensis as an ‘endangered’ species. The declining population of the L. borneensis is a major concern for conservation efforts. One of the efforts to conserve endangered wild animals is to know the gut microbiome profile and the relationship between the host and the bacterial community in the body, which is associated with an influence on health. This research aims to determine the gut microbiome profile of animals with metagenomic analysis using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). This research was carried out by providing three feed types: earthworms, shrimp, and fish. Sample feces was collected by cloacal swabs and the DNA was sequenced using the Illumina NGS technique in the V4 16S rRNA region to examine the gut microbiome. The results of the metagenomic analysis showed differences in bacterial abundance in each feed treatment. The L. borneensis treated with earthworms and fish were dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria and Bacteriodota, while in shrimp, the phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Index Shanon, Simpson, and the rarefaction curve also showed the highest bacterial diversity found in the fish treatment. This study can be used as a reference in designing suitable feed formulations for effective captive breeding for the conservation of L. borneensis
Exploration of Pilobolus sp. Fungi from Various Livestock Manures in Kedung Pacul Village, Klaten Mahardhika, Wahyu Aji; Akmaliyah, Rizna; Diana, Milsa Solva; Listyowati, Sri
Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi Vol. 26, No 1, Tahun 2024
Publisher : Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Sains dan Matematika, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/bioma.2024.55874

Abstract

Pilobolus is a coprophilous fungus belonging to the Zygomycota. Pilobolus sp. is called a coprophilous fungus because it can live in animal feces. The uniqueness of this fungus is that it can shoot its spores, so Pilobolus sp. is called a shotgun fungus. Pilobolus sp. exhibits a phototropism mechanism in which the sporangium shoots spores in the direction of light. Pilobolus has a unique living habitat, namely in the manure of herbivores such as cows, goats, sheep, etc. This habit of life may seem terrible to us, but fungi like Pilobolus sp. are very important in life because they are a type of decomposer, capable of breaking down organic matter from dead living things. So the purpose of this study was to observe the spores produced by the fungus Pilobolus sp.  (a fungus in animal waste). The method used was to cultivate the fungus Pilobolus sp. for seven days on various animal wastes placed in jam bottles. The results showed that the Pilobolus sp. fungus grew on various media of animal feces, such as horses, cows, goats, and pigs, with different growth times, and there were also spores shot on the glass walls that had been perforated.