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All Journal JAM : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen International Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research Jurnal EMT KITA Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Moestopo International Review on Social, Humanities, and Sciences (MIRSHuS) Annals of Human Resource Management Research Jurnal Ekonomi Kreatif dan Manajemen Bisnis Digital (JEKOMBITAL)
Wijaya, Oscarius Yudhi Ari
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Religion Arts Humanities Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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Restorative Justice Distortion at The Investigation Stage in Indonesia Kristianingsih, Ekawaty; Wijaya, Oscarius Yudhi Ari
Moestopo International Review on Social, Humanities, and Sciences Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas prof. Dr. Moestopo (Beragama)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32509/mirshus.v6i1.155

Abstract

The application of restorative justice at the investigation stage of criminal proceedings in Indonesia raises significant normative and empirical concerns. Normatively, the investigation stage is a preliminary phase aimed at identifying whether a criminal offense has occurred, not resolving disputes. Nevertheless, empirical practices show that restorative justice mechanisms are frequently applied during this stage, particularly in fraud and embezzlement cases. Police reports are often used as instruments of pressure to compel settlement, blurring the line between voluntary restoration and coercive negotiation. This study employs a qualitative literature review with a normative-empirical approach, examining statutory regulations, policy frameworks, and scholarly works published between 2015 and 2025. The findings reveal that the premature application of restorative justice at the investigation stage contradicts criminal procedural law and transforms restorative justice from a victim-centered paradigm into a tool of pragmatic case disposal. This article argues that restorative justice must be repositioned to stages where legal certainty regarding criminal liability has been established, ensuring it functions as an instrument of substantive justice rather than a coercive mechanism that bypasses due process of law.
Co-Authors Dachi, Bahagia Elia Ardyan Kristianingsih, Ekawaty Laoli, Elvianus Wirawan ED Radianto