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Analysis of Gas Fee Patterns in Blockchain Transactions - A Case Study on Ethereum Smart Contracts Paramitha, Adi Suryaputra; Tarigan, Masmur
Journal of Current Research in Blockchain Vol. 2 No. 3 (2025): Regular Issue September 2025
Publisher : Bright Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47738/jcrb.v2i3.41

Abstract

Gas fees play a crucial role in Ethereum blockchain transactions, directly affecting the cost and efficiency of decentralized applications. This study analyzes gas fee patterns across transaction types, temporal trends, and anomalous behaviors using a dataset of 1,000 Ethereum transactions. The results reveal that the average gas price was 120.5 Gwei, with a standard deviation of 45.2 Gwei, highlighting significant variability. Smart contract functions exhibited varying gas usage, with mint operations consuming the highest average gas (1,500,000 units) compared to approve (1,200,000 units) and transfer (800,000 units). A positive correlation (r = 0.65) was observed between gas price and value transferred, suggesting that higher-value transactions often incur elevated gas fees. Temporal analysis showed predictable patterns, with peak gas prices occurring between 13:00 - 17:00 UTC during high network activity and lower prices between 02:00 - 06:00 UTC. Additionally, anomaly detection identified 15 outlier transactions, including one with an unusually high gas price of 500 Gwei, reflecting network congestion or prioritization strategies. These findings provide actionable insights for optimizing transaction costs and improving smart contract efficiency. Future research could explore layer-2 scaling solutions, alternative fee mechanisms, and machine learning approaches for gas price prediction. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Ethereum’s gas fee dynamics, offering valuable guidance for developers, users, and researchers in the blockchain ecosystem.
Fault-Tolerant Telegram Bot Architecture for Odoo 14: Validated Production Reporting in Flexible Packaging Tarigan, Masmur; Paramita, Adi Suryaputra; Dewi, Deshinta Arrova
Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif) Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025): JUTIF Volume 6, Number 6, Desember 2025
Publisher : Informatika, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52436/1.jutif.2025.6.6.5515

Abstract

In flexible-packaging manufacturing, manual reporting dramatically delays synchronization with the ERP — and that means operational  latency and traceability issues. The proposed work is the design, implementation, and validation of a fault-tolerant Telegram bot interconnected with Odoo 14 for six production departments. Our bot architecture that combines conversational workflows with schema-based validation and XML-RPC for slow, large payloads, enables accurate and  timely reporting. In a four-week pilot with 1,066 production entries, we achieved 98.7% field completeness and lowered reporting latency to less than 2 minutes. Manual  baselines received 75% more requests for corrections. At disconnected state, the layered middleware of the system abstracted retry logic and media ingestion. Both SDG 9 (Resilient infrastructure, including ) and SDG 12 (Continue to reduce production waste at source, including consumables) are connected to the work presented here which evidence the feasibility of automatic conversational interfaces with a computer in the manufacturing informatics domain, and provide pathways towards scalable digital transformation and sustainability in the small-to-medium industry sector.