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Hepatoprotective effects of celery in diethylene glycol induced toxicity in rats Ekowati, Heny; Waluyo, Syaikah Syahidah; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah
Universa Medicina Vol. 44 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2025.v44.172-180

Abstract

Background Diethylene glycol (DEG) is a contaminant in pharmaceutical solvents and potentially induces hepatotoxicity. Celery is hepatoprotective due to its antioxidant properties. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of celery on DEG-induced liver injury in rats. Methods An experimental laboratory study was conducted involving 25 male Wistar rats weighing 200 grams. They were randomized into five groups (5 rats in each group). Group A served as the control group, while Group B received oral administration of DEG at a dose of 3 g/kg BW twice daily for three days, following six days of food and water administration. The other three groups received DEG at 3 g/kg BW following six days of celery extract once daily administration of 100 mg/kg BW (C), 200 mg/kg BW (D), and 400 mg/kg BW (E). After 14 days, all rats were sacrificed. Observations were conducted macroscopically and microscopically using H&E staining. Liver damage was scored, Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney was used to analyze the data. Results Macroscopic and microscopic examinations of the liver tissue in the celery groups revealed normal histological architecture with a significant reduction in liver damage. The ethanol extract of celery demonstrated hepatoprotective effects, as evidenced by a statistically significant reduction (p<0.05) in the activation of Kupffer cells, sinusoidal dilation, hepatocyte degeneration, and necrosis. Conclusion Celery has a protective effect against DEG-induced liver damage in rats based on the reduction in Kupffer cell activation, sinusoidal dilation, hepatocyte degeneration, and necrosis.
Nephroprotective and Hepatoprotective Effects of Turmeric in Diethylene Glycol Induced Toxicity in Rats Ekowati, Heny; Devitasari, Arinda; Fitriani, Novita Inawanda; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah; Wijaya, Triyadi Hendra
Majalah Obat Tradisional Vol 30, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/mot.95225

Abstract

In 2022, children in Indonesia experienced acute renal failure due to antipyretic syrup contaminated with diethylene glycol (DEG). DEG is a known contaminant in pharmaceutical solvents that can induce inflammation and act as a free radical, leading to kidney and liver damage. Turmeric (Curcuma Longa) has been reported to have nephroprotective and hepatoprotective effects due to anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of turmeric ethanol extract on rat kidneys and liver subjected to DEG toxicity. Rats were divided into five groups (n=5 per group): Group I served as the normal control, while Group II received DEG orally at 3 g/kg BW twice daily for three days. Groups III, IV, and V were treated with DEG (3 g/kg BW) along with turmeric ethanol extract at a doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg BW, respectively, administered orally twice daily for six days. After 14 days, all rats were sacrificed for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining. The results showed that rats treated with turmeric extract exhibited significantly significantly less kidney and liver damage (p<0.05). Kidney protection was evidenced by improvements in endothelial tissue, glomeruli, and tubules, while liver protection was indicated by reduced Kupffer cell activation, sinusoidal dilatation, hepatocyte degeneration, and necrosis. In conclusion, turmeric ethanol extract effectively protects against DEG-induced kidney and liver toxicity in rats.
Pemantauan Penggunaan Antikoagulan terhadap Perubahan Nilai aPTT pada Pasien Kardiovaskuler Suryoputri, Masita Wulandari; Ilma, Dewi Latifatul; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah
Indonesian Journal of Clinical Pharmacy Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15416/ijcp.2025.v14i2.49454

Abstract

Antikoagulan merupakan obat pengencer darah untuk mencegah pembentukan dan perkembangan trombus pada aliran darah. Warfarin dan heparin termasuk antikoagulan generasi lama. Rivaroxaban, edoksaban, dabigatran, dan apiksaban termasuk antikoagulan generasi baru. Obat ini memerlukan monitor yang ketat karena berindeks terapi sempit, dan memiliki potensi efek samping obat berupa perdarahan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan antikoagulan terhadap perubahan nilai aPTT dan mengetahui adanya kejadian adverse drug reaction (ADR) pada pasien kardiovaskuler di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Metode penelitian ini dilakukan dengan rancangan deskriptif observational retrospektif, serta pengumpulan data didapat dari data rekam medis pasien rawat inap penyakit kardiovaskuler. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa responden paling banyak terdiagnosis miokard infark sebesar 39,9%, berusia 20–60 tahun (44%) dan paling banyak berjenis kelamin laki-laki (69,8%). Penggunaan antikoagulan yang digunakan pada responden penelitian ini, antara lain: heparin i.v. (64,70%), warfarin oral (14,11%), fondaparinux i.v. (18,86%), rivaroxaban oral (1,17%), dan enoxaparin oral (1,17%). Kejadian ADR yang timbul pada pasien yang menggunakan antikoagulan UFH mengalami hematuria (56,52%), epistaksis (13,04%), melena (13,04%), batuk berdarah (8,7%), hematemesis (4,35%), dan gusi berdarah (4,35%). Sedangkan pasien yang menggunakan antikoagulan fondaparinux mengalami hematuria (66,67%), epistaksis (11,11%), hematemesis (11,11%), dan gusi berdarah (11,11%). Hasil paired t-test menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh perubahan nilai aPTT setelah penggunaan antikoagulan heparin (p<0,05), dan kejadian ADR antikoagulan yang paling banyak timbul adalah hematuria. Penggunaan antikoagulan heparin dapat mengubah nilai aPTT sehingga perlu adanya monitoring tanda gejala perdarahan lebih lanjut.
Correlation Between Warfarin Levels in the Blood and the Value of Normal INR in Fibrillation Atrium Inpatients Suryoputri, Masita Wulandari; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah; Ilma, Dewi Latifatul; Azzahra, Alfita
JURNAL MANAJEMEN DAN PELAYANAN FARMASI (Journal of Management and Pharmacy Practice) Vol 14, No 2
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jmpf.89898

Abstract

Background: Warfarin is an anticoagulant inhibitor of vitamin K that is effective in preventing systemic embolization in atrial fibrillation patients. Warfarin has a narrow therapeutic index, so it requires monitoring of rates to prevent the occurrence of toxic effects and to ensure the passage of INR values.Objectives: The study aims to find out the correlation between warfarin levels and normal INR values.Methods: Observational research method with the collection of retrospective data on the medical records of patients treated with atrial fibrillation at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Hospital, Purwokerto, in January 2019–December 2021. Warfarin levels were calculated pharmacokinetically using the steady-state concentration (Css) and plasma concentration (Cp) formulas. Data analysis is carried out using the Spearman test to determine the correlation between warfarin levels and normal INR values.Results: The number of patients with normal INR values was less than the number of patients with abnormal INR values, namely 21 patients and 48 patients. The Spearman test results show a p-value of 0.31 (p>0.05), showing that the correlation between warfarin levels in the blood and the corresponding INR value is not significant (p> 0.05), and the R value in the Spearman test is 0.122, showing that the direction of the correlation is positive with very weak correlation strength.Conclusion: The correlation between warfarin levels in the blood and the appropriate INR value is not significant (p>0.05), where the R value in the Spearman test shows R=0.122, meaning the direction of the correlation is positive with a very weak correlation strength.
Comparison of unfractionated heparin and fondaparinux in relation to the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction Suryoputri, Masita Wulandari; Astuti, Dwi Aprilia; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah; Ilma, Dewi Latifatul
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 23 No 2 (2025): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v23i2.1680

Abstract

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) is a cardiovascular condition that involves necrosis of the heart muscle because of a decrease in blood supply to the heart caused by an obstruction of the coronary arteries. The prevalence of cardiac disease is 1.5% including AMI, and ranked 4th above all provinces in Indonesia. Anticoagulants are administered for the management of AMI treatment. Anticoagulants are treatments utilized to prevent thrombosis and reduce ischemic injury, preventing hemorrhage from developing in the heart's arteries and veins. Unfractionated heparin (UFH) and fondaparinux are both anticoagulants, that are utilized frequently in the treatment of AMI-EST patients. In decreasing the production of thrombin and preventing coagulation, unfractionated heparin, and fondaparinux can avoid death and recurrent myocardial infarction. The research was conducted as an observational study with retrospective data collection from medical records of inpatients diagnosed with acute transmural myocardial infarction of the anterior wall at Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto from January 2019 to December 2021. The chi-square test was used to examine the association between the type of anticoagulant therapy (unfractionated heparin or fondaparinux) and the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction. The statistical analysis showed a significant association between the type of anticoagulant therapy and the incidence of recurrent myocardial infarction (p < 0.05). A higher proportion of patients treated with fondaparinux did not experience recurrent myocardial infarction compared to those treated with unfractionated heparin, suggesting that fondaparinux may be more effective in preventing recurrence.
Analysis of Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Purity Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Combined with PCA and HCA Chemometrics Wijaya, Triyadi Hendra; Rehana, Rehana; Arisma, Divaa' Rizqi; Endriastuti, Nialiana Endah; Suryoputri, Masita Wulandari
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 13, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v13i2.63230

Abstract

VCO is a vegetable oil with many health and cosmetic benefits, but it is relatively more expensive than other vegetable oils, making it vulnerable to adulteration. UV-Vis spectrophotometry, combined with chemometric techniques, was used to distinguish VCO from other oils. Soybean oil (SO) and sunflower oil (SFO) are the main adulterants of VCO. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of UV-Vis spectrophotometry combined with chemometrics to differentiate VCO from SO and SFO. Samples were measured for absorbance at wavelengths from 200 to 400 nm. The UV-Vis spectral data were further analyzed using chemometric methods, PCA, and HCA, to classify the samples. The PCA model successfully differentiated VCO, SO, and SFO in RStudio 4.4.2, with variance explained by PC1 (81.3%) and PC2 (17.1%). VCO samples are clearly separated from other samples, while SO and SFO appear close to each other due to their similar physicochemical properties. Mixed oil samples were grouped by composition. HCA analysis also showed a grouping pattern consistent with PCA results. Therefore, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, combined with chemometric techniques, can effectively distinguish VCO from SO and SFO.