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All Journal Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Teosofia: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Mysticism International Journal Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din Riwayah : Jurnal Studi Hadis Al-Afaq: Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Islamic Studies Review (Jurnal Ilmu Al-Qur'an dan Tafsir)
Nurkhanif, Muhammad
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Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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HERMENEUTICS AND DECONSTRUCTION OF HILÂL TESTIMONY VERSE: Critical View on Q.S. al-Baqarah 185 Nurkhanif, Muhammad
ULUL ALBAB Jurnal Studi Islam Vol 21, No 1 (2020): Tafsir and Hadith
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (482.4 KB) | DOI: 10.18860/ua.v21i1.8690

Abstract

This research focuses on the hilâl witness verse contained in Q.S. al-Baqarah [2]:185. Tafsîr scholars such as al-Râzî, al-Marâghî, Ibn Kathîr, and Quraish Shihab have not yet formulated its exegesis comprehensively, especially in these days when many people claim about hilâl witness that is needed to be justified. They only interpreted the verse as limited to the conditions of people who were staying or traveling. Therefore, the author gives other tafsîr styles using hermeneutics and deconstruction methods as well as scientific-astronomical approach; it uses descriptive qualitative research. The result of this research gives legal legitimacy that the accepted hilâl testimony accepted is the one fulfilling fiqh and astronomy criteria. He is not any random person but the one that must have sufficient expertise and ability in rukyat al-hilâl process. This can be seen from the word مَن (man) in Q.S. al-Baqarah [2]:185 which is part of isim al-mawṣûl and isim ma'rifat giving the principle of specificity.
NALAR KRITIS HADIS RUKYAH AL-HILAL : Kajian Hermeneutika dan Dekonstruksi Hadis Nurkhanif, Muhammad
RIWAYAH Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Riwayah : Jurnal Studi Hadis
Publisher : ilmu hadis

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21043/riwayah.v4i2.4625

Abstract

Problermatika penentuan penentuan hilal awal bulan Hijriyah terutama awal Ramadhan, Syawal dan Dzulihijjah hingga sekarang masih belum terpecahkan. Problem ini muncul dari bentuk dan corak pemahaman teks-teks hadis nabi SAW tentang Rukyat al hilal yang bervariasi matannya. Salah satu bentuk intepretasi teks hadis tersebut adalah metode Rukyat bi al Fi’li yang dilakukan dengan caramelihat hilal ketikamatahariterbenamdi  akhirbulan Qamariah.Bentuk Intepretasi lain adalah metode Rukyat bi al ‘ilmi atau hisabyang merupakan bentukperhitungan posisi dan ketinggian hilal srcara matematis saatmatahari terbenam. Jikahilal tidakdapat terlihat karena cuaca makabulan disempurnakanmenjadi 30hari.Teori seperti ini dapat disebut denganistikmal.Cara lain dapat ditempuh dengan cara mengkira- kirakan posisi hilal, teori ini diesebut dengan faqduru lahu. Namun pada implemantasi teks hadis rukyat al hilal, khususnya di Indonesia masih terkesan terkotak-kotakan. Rukyat bi al fi’li adalah tradisi NU dan rukat bi al ‘ilmi adalah tradisi Muhammadiyah, seolah teks hadis nabi sudang terkaplingkan untuk kedua ormas besar tersebut. Penulis menawarkan alternatif pemahaman  hadis tersebut dengan teori hermeneutika dan teori dekonstruksi.
THE INTEGRATION BETWEEN SYAR’I AND ASTRONOMY TO DETERMINE THE BEGINNING OF HIJRI CALENDAR: An Applied Study of Moon Elongation to Prove the Hilâl Testimony Nurkhanif, Muhammad; Muttaqin, Azmi; Imron, Ali; Ahmad, Mohd Razlan
Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol 23, No 2 (2022): Islamic Law and Economic
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ua.v23i2.17489

Abstract

This article addresses the persistent inconsistency among Indonesian observers regarding the theoretical and practical criteria for determining the beginning of the Hijri month, specifically in the sighting of the hilâl (new crescent moon). While many observers focus primarily on the hilâl’s height above the horizon, they often overlook the critical factor of the elongation angle during observation. This inconsistency is reflected both theoretically and in practice, as evident in the official decisions issued by the Ministry of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia. Motivated by this issue, the study analyzes data from hilâl sighting testimonies recorded between 1962 and 2021 to critically evaluate the Ministry’s decrees. Employing a qualitative and descriptive research design, the analysis follows Millis and Huberman’s data classification framework combined with a scientific and doctrinal approach to systematically classify the decrees. The study reveals that 45% of the decisions are classified as ithbât maslahî (pragmatic confirmation), while 55% fall under ithbât takâmulî (ideal confirmation). This division underscores the need for a refined theoretical framework to guide the acceptance of hilâl testimonies and reduce the reliance on pragmatic rather than ideal evidence. Consequently, the study proposes the M2P theory, a method designed to improve the selection process of hilâl testimonies by integrating both height and elongation criteria. This theoretical advancement is urgent for ensuring greater consistency and reliability in the Islamic lunar calendar, which holds significant religious and social implications in Indonesia.
Between Legalism and Mystical Intuism: Sunan Kalijaga’s Qibla Direction in Pati and Demak Grand Mosque Nurkhanif, Muhammad; Raharjo, Raharjo; Musyafak, Najahan
Teosofia: Indonesian Journal of Islamic Mysticism Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora - UIN Walisongo Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/tos.v12i1.6879

Abstract

This study aims to discover the process of determining the direction of the qibla by Sunan Kalijaga (one of Walisongo), employing a mystical and intuition (divine inspiration) method. This study is a qualitative field research using a socio-cultural approach. The research objects are the Baiturrahim Gambiran Pati Mosque and Demak Grand Mosque, Central Java. These mosques were built by Sunan Kalijaga. The results of this study revealed why the people of Gambiran Pati and Demak Grand Mosque still use the Sunan Kaljaga version of the qibla direction compared to the qibla direction using scientific technology. Some factors that influence include, first, the historical value factor of the Baiturrahim Mosque and Demak Grand Mosque as the guardian mosque and also the legendary figure of Sunan Kalijaga. Second, The socio-cultural characteristics of the Gambiran Pati and Demak communities are familiar with the mystical Kejawen.Contribution: This research contributes to understanding the method of determining the direction of the qibla by Sunan Kalijaga using mystical and intuitive approaches. It focuses on two historical mosques, the Baiturrahim Mosque in Gambiran Pati and the Grand Mosque of Demak, considering their historical, religious, and socio-cultural factors.
Implementasi Parameter Kelayakan Tempat Rukyat Al Hilal Di Pantai Alam Indah Tegal Awaludin, Muhammad; Nurkhanif, Muhammad; ., Alamsyah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (325.806 KB) | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v1i2.1947

Abstract

Artikel penelitian ini fokus pada tempat rukyat di Pantai Alam Indah Tegal. Pantai Alam Indah Tegal secara resmi digunakan sebagai tempat rukyat sejak 2006 hingga sekarang. Karena aspek tempat merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan rukyat al-hilal, maka perlu dilakukan uji kelayakan baik dari aspek parameter primer dan / atau parameter sekunder sebagai tempat rukyat yang telah digunakan seperti pada Pantai Alam Indah Tegal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi lapangan kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah pertama; Pantai Alam Indah Tegal digunakan sebagai salah satu tempat rukyat al-hilal karena berdasarkan pertimbangan lokasi geografisnya sesuai dengan hasil wawancara dan dicocokkan dengan hasil pengamatan di lapangan. Kedua; menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Alam Indah Tegal cukup layak untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu tempat rukyat al-hilal setelah uji kelayakan dilakukan dengan teori kelayakan parameter lokasi rukyat baik dari parameter primer dan / atau sekunder .
Exploring the New Moon during the Time of Prophet Muhammad Using Digistar 6 Planetarium Nurkhanif, Muhammad; Djamaluddin, Thomas; Izzuddin, Ahmad; Ahmad, Mohd Razlan
International Journal Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ihya.26.2.23503

Abstract

This article aims to present a digital visualization of the new moon (hilal) as a determinant of the beginning and end of Ramadan fasting, exploring the astronomical phenomenon of hilal visibility during the Prophet Muhammad's era using the Digistar 6 system in a planetarium. Several Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) literatures discuss comparisons of fasting durations during the Prophet's time, ranging between 29 and 30 days. This study employs a qualitative research method based on library research, utilizing an astronomical approach and simulation observations in a planetarium. The data used include historical and astronomical data from the Prophet Muhammad's era, as well as related classical literature. The findings of the study include the integration of Digistar 6 technology with computational data to reconstruct the hilal phenomena of the Prophet’s time. For instance, the elevation of the hilal marking the beginning of Syawal in 8 AH was observed at a minimum Moon Altitude of 02°06’22” above the horizon, with an elongation of 04°55’56” and an atmospheric clarity of 9.52%. The Prophet Muhammad observed Ramadan fasting nine times, with six instances involving 29 days of fasting and the remaining three involving 30 days, as determined through simulated physical imagery of the hilal.
Nalar Kritis Pemikiran Zaghlu Al Najjar Tentang Jumlah Planet Tata Surya dalam Kitab Tafsir Al Aayaat Al Kauniyyah Nurkhanif, Muhammad; Wahyu Murtadho
Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Vol. 19 No. 3 (2021): Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian, Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat dan Publikasi Ilmiah (LP3M) Institut Agama Islam (IAI) Al-Qodiri Jember, Jawa Timur Indonesia bekerjasama dengan Kopertais Wilayah 4 Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53515/qodiri.2022.19.3.718-739

Abstract

Pokok penelitian atau masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pendapat Zaghlul al-Najjar tentang jumlah planet dalam al-Qur’ān sesuai tafsiran pada kitabnya, dan juga bagaimana analisis dari aspek astronomis terhadap pendapat Zaghlul al-Najjar tentang jumlah planet dalam al-Qur’ān pada kitab tafsir tersebut. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dengan sumber data primer adalah kitab tafsir al-Āyāt al-Kauniyyah fī al-Qur’ān al-Karīm karya Zaghlu al-Najjar. Teknik pengumpulan datanya yaitu dilakukan dengan cara studi dokumen, baik berupa buku, catatan, karya tulis, dll serta dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif dan komparatif. Penelitian ini menghasilkan kesimpulan, pertama, pada Q.S Yusuf ayat 4 menurut pendapat Zaghlul al-Najjar dalam kitab tafsirnya yaitu al-Āyāt al-Kauniyyah fī al-Qur’ān al-Karīm bahwa lafadz ahada ‘asyara kaukaban selain merujuk pada makna tafsir kesebelas saudara Nabi Yusuf juga memiliki makna isyarat kosmik dihubungkan dengan penedekatan astronomis tentang jumlah planet yang ada dalam tata surya, yaitu yang berjumlah sebelas sesuai dengan data dan cara penemuan planet dalam tata surya. Kata Kunci: Jumlah Planet, Tata Surya, Zaghlu Al Najjar
Hermeneutika Dan Dekonstruksi Hadis Rukyah Al-Hilal Nurkhanif, Muhammad
JURNAL ILMU AL-QUR'AN DAN TAFSIR NURUL ISLAM SUMENEP Vol. 1 No. 2 (2017): alqorni
Publisher : STQINIS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Salah satu objek kajian ilmu falak adalah penentuan awal Ramadhan dan Syawal. Penentuan tersebut dapat dilakukan dengan rukyat, dan hisab. Metode rukyat dilakukan oleh Nabi Muhammad saw, sahabat, tabiin sampai sekarang. Rukyat yang dapat dilakukan oleh semua ini orang dilakukan dengan cara melihat hilal ketika matahari terbenam di akhir bulan. Hisab adalah perhitungan posisi dan ketinggian hilal saat matahari terbenam. Jika hilal tidak dapat terlihat karena cuaca maka bulan Syakban menjadi 30 hari. teori seperti ini dapat disebut dengan istikmal. Cara lain dapat ditempuh dengan cara mengkira- kirakan posisi hilal, teori ini diesebut dengan faqduru lahu. Masalah penentuan hilal hingga sekarang
Implementasi Parameter Kelayakan Tempat Rukyat Al Hilal Di Pantai Alam Indah Tegal Awaludin, Muhammad; Nurkhanif, Muhammad; ., Alamsyah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 1 No. 2 (2019): Desember 2019
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v1i2.1947

Abstract

Artikel penelitian ini fokus pada tempat rukyat di Pantai Alam Indah Tegal. Pantai Alam Indah Tegal secara resmi digunakan sebagai tempat rukyat sejak 2006 hingga sekarang. Karena aspek tempat merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan rukyat al-hilal, maka perlu dilakukan uji kelayakan baik dari aspek parameter primer dan / atau parameter sekunder sebagai tempat rukyat yang telah digunakan seperti pada Pantai Alam Indah Tegal. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi lapangan kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian adalah pertama; Pantai Alam Indah Tegal digunakan sebagai salah satu tempat rukyat al-hilal karena berdasarkan pertimbangan lokasi geografisnya sesuai dengan hasil wawancara dan dicocokkan dengan hasil pengamatan di lapangan. Kedua; menunjukkan bahwa Pantai Alam Indah Tegal cukup layak untuk digunakan sebagai salah satu tempat rukyat al-hilal setelah uji kelayakan dilakukan dengan teori kelayakan parameter lokasi rukyat baik dari parameter primer dan / atau sekunder .
Deconstruction of Women’s Testimony in Fiqh: Promoting Gender Equality in Hilal Sighting Through Sociological and Astronomical Perspectives Nurkhanif, Muhammad
Islamic Studies Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Internasional Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56529/isr.v4i1.444

Abstract

This study aims to deconstruct the traditional views in Islamic jurisprudence regarding women's testimony in the determination of the beginning of lunar Islamic calendar months, by examining gender equality through the perspective of the sociology of change and Islamic astronomy. This process, which has traditionally involved more men than women, is revisited with consideration of the role of women in contemporary society. In Islam, both men and women have equal capacity to provide testimony in various matters. Advances in science and technology have increasingly blurred the distinctions between men and women, as evidenced by the equal opportunities and positions in social, cultural, structural, and even religious domains. Unfortunately, women's involvement in moon sighting (rukyat al-hilal) remains very limited. In fact, in the history of the Ministry of Religious Affairs' decisions on the confirmation (istbat) of the new moon for the beginning of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dhu al-Hijjah, there has only been one accepted and recorded testimony from a woman in the official decree of the Ministry of Religious Affairs (KMA). This raises a significant question: is there a restriction on women's participation in rukyat al-hilal activities due to their social status? This study highlights how social dynamics and developments in knowledge, particularly Islamic astronomy, can drive a more inclusive reinterpretation of Islamic law. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive and critical analysis using the sociology of change and Islamic astronomy in the process of deconstruction. This study also explores how gender equality can be realized in religious practices and its implications for the reform of Islamic law. The findings of this study include the formulation of women's testimony in rukyat al-hilal and its validity compared to men's testimony.
Co-Authors Ahmad Izzuddin Ahmad, Mohd Razlan Alamsyah . Ali Imron Azmi Muttaqin Djamaluddin, Thomas Muhammad Awaludin Musyafak, Najahan Raharjo Raharjo Wahyu Murtadho