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All Journal Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Psikobuletin: Buletin Ilmiah Psikologi Al-Afaq: Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Semarang Law Review Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum Siyasah : Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara Journal of Law and Justice Jurnal Ilmu Hukum
Arafat, Muhammad
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Religion Humanities Astronomy Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Mechanical Engineering Physics Social Sciences Other

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DIVERSI DALAM PENEGAKKAN HUKUM IN CONCRETO (PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM) Arafat, Muhammad; Tono, Sidik; Mulyaningsih, Rizki
Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum (JISYAKU) Vol 3 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmu Syariah dan Hukum
Publisher : Sharia Faculty of State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Palangka Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23971/jisyaku.v3i2.9226

Abstract

The enforcement of in concreto law refers to the practical implementation of law, transforming it from an abstract concept into a concrete application. Diversion, as an alternative resolution for juvenile cases outside the formal criminal justice system, aims to prevent stigmatization and allows children to reintegrate into their social environment in a balanced manner. This study employs a library research method with a juridical-normative approach, collecting data through documentation and analyzing it descriptively. The findings reveal that restorative justice and diversion focus on restoring losses suffered by victims, providing opportunities for offenders to participate in the recovery process, and involving the community in maintaining equitable peace. However, despite the extensive discussion of restorative justice and diversion in existing literature, there remains a gap in integrating Islamic legal principles, particularly As-sulh, into their application for juvenile cases. This raises two main questions: how can the concept of diversion be aligned with the principles of As-sulh to support the protection of children
Kebijakan Kriminal dalam Penanganan Siber di Era Digital: Studi Kasus di Indonesia Arafat, Muhammad; Alexander Tito Enggar Wirasto
Equality : Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 1 No 2 (2024): Hukum Artificial Intelligence
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69836/equality-jlj.v1i2.170

Abstract

Digital technology in Indonesia has significantly impacted sectors such as government, finance, education, and healthcare, offering numerous benefits. However, it has also led to increased cybercrime, including hacking, digital fraud, identity theft, and ransomware, posing threats to national security and public welfare. Regulations like the ITE and PDP Laws have been implemented, yet challenges persist in enforcement and technological adaptation. Indonesia faces challenges in cyber law enforcement, including insufficient technical capacity among law enforcement officers. This study employs a qualitative descriptive approach with an exploratory focus. Data were collected from legal documents, government reports, case studies, journal articles, and academic literature. Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns, challenges, and the effectiveness of cybercrime policies. The findings reveal that Indonesia’s cybersecurity policies need reinforcement, particularly in implementation, public education, and technological adaptation. Examples from the United States and the European Union highlight that collaboration between governments and the private sector, stringent data protection regulations, and public education campaigns significantly enhance resilience against cyber threats. This study recommends strengthening the ITE and PDP Laws, promoting digital literacy among the public, enhancing law enforcement capacities, fostering international collaboration, and establishing cyber information-sharing networks to create a robust, effective, and adaptive digital security ecosystem for Indonesia.
Syamsul Anwar’s Vision: Establishing a Unified Global Islamic Calendar Arafat, Muhammad; Budiwati, Anisah
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025): Juni 2025
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v7i1.11438

Abstract

This article examines Syamsul Anwar's endeavours to promote the unification of the global Hijri calendar, which is essential for aligning Islamic religious observances, including Ramadan, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha. Discrepancies in establishing the commencement of the Hijri month, especially in Indonesia, arise from the contrasting methodologies employed by Nahdatul Ulama, which relies on rukyat (moon sighting), and Muhammadiyah, which utilizes hisab (astronomical calculations). Syamsul Anwar's methods aims to amalgamate these techniques via five fundamental principles: acknowledgement of hisab, transference of imkanu rukyat, the cohesion of matlak, worldwide synchronization of days and dates, and acknowledgement of the International Date Line. The study employs qualitative methodologies, such as observation, interviews, and document analysis, to comprehend Anwar's perspectives. Notwithstanding extensive backing from Islamic astronomy professors, obstacles persist in Indonesia owing to the cultural importance of rukyat. This study suggests that additional research and discourse are necessary to reconcile these disparities and establish a worldwide unified Hijri calendar, thereby minimizing inconsistencies in religious rituals throughout the Muslim world.
TINJAUAN YURIDIS PENGELOLAAN BANDHA WAKAF MASJID AGUNG KAUMAN KOTA SEMARANG BERDASARKAN HUKUM ISLAM DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2004 TENTANG WAKAF Arafat, Muhammad; Septiandani, Dian; Abib, Agus Saiful
Semarang Law Review (SLR) Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (231.56 KB) | DOI: 10.26623/slr.v3i1.4817

Abstract

Wakaf merupakan lembaga keagamaan yang mempunyai fungsi religi dan juga fungsi sosial yang mana dengan adanya fungsi sosial ini maka harta benda wakaf merupakan aset yang sangat bernilai dan bermanfaat bagi pembangunan dan kesejahteraan umat manusia. Di antara masjid yang mempunyai aset wakaf cukup besar ialah Masjid Agung Kauman Kota Semarang yang biasa disebut bandha wakaf Masjid Agung Kauman Kota Semarang. Artikel ini membahas tentang implementasi pengelolaan bandha wakaf Masjid Agung Kauman Kota Semarang ditinjau berdasarkan Hukum Islam dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis empiris. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, Pertama, pengelolaan bandha wakaf Masjid Agung Kauman Kota Semarang sudah sesuai dengan hukum Islam. Kedua, pengelolaan bandha wakaf Masjid Agung Kauman Kota Semarang ditinjau berdasarkan UU Wakaf adalah sudah cukup sesuai meskipun kurang keterlibatan peran BWI dan kementerian dalam pengelolaan bandha wakaf tersebut. Hal ini didasarkan pada siapa nazhir dan imbalan yang diperoleh dan sistem pengelolaan yang telah memperhatikan potensi bandha wakaf, manfaat ekonomis dan dilakukan secara produktif untuk kepentingan ibadah dan kesejahteraan umat.
Paradigma Pemidanaan Baru dalam KUHP 2023: Alternatif Sanksi dan Transformasi Sistem Peradilan Pidana Indonesia Arafat, Muhammad
Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Vol 2 No 1 (2025): September
Publisher : CV Putra Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.58540/jih.v2i1.1047

Abstract

Tulisan ini menganalisis pembaruan paradigma pemidanaan dalam KUHP Nasional (UU No. 1 Tahun 2023) yang menandai pergeseran dari pola retributif menuju model restoratif–korektif, dengan penekanan pada pencegahan, rehabilitasi, dan reintegrasi sosial. Isu pokok yang dikaji mencakup tujuan pemidanaan (Pasal 51–52), diferensiasi sanksi termasuk pidana kerja sosial dan pidana pengawasan, reformasi pidana denda, sinkronisasi dengan UU Pemasyarakatan (UU No. 22 Tahun 2022), serta pengakuan living law (Pasal 2) beserta paradoks antara keadilan substantif dan kepastian hukum. Tujuan penelitian adalah memetakan desain sanksi dan rasional kebijakan kriminal dalam KUHP 2023, menganalisis konsekuensinya bagi manajemen pemasyarakatan dan reintegrasi, serta mengevaluasi implikasi penerapan bagi sistem peradilan pidana (kebutuhan regulasi turunan dan sentencing guidelines, kesiapan kelembagaan, serta perubahan budaya hukum). Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan statute, conceptual, dan komparatif terbatas, ditopang studi pustaka dan analisis kualitatif. Hasil menunjukkan potensi pengurangan overcrowding dan peningkatan legitimasi sistem, namun keberhasilan sangat bergantung pada konsistensi regulasi pelaksana, penguatan kapasitas institusional (terutama BAPAS dan peradilan), serta internalisasi nilai restoratif di seluruh tahapan penegakan hukum.
Pengaruh Job Autonomy dan Burnout terhadap Job Crafting Wardana, Rezky Eka; Arafat, Muhammad
Psikobuletin:Buletin Ilmiah Psikologi Vol 5, No 1 (2024): Psikobuletin: Buletin Ilmiah Psikologi
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/pib.v5i1.24266

Abstract

Job crafting merupakan topik dalam bidang industry dan organisasi tentang bagaimana karyawan memaknai pekerjaannya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat pengaruh antara job autonomy dan burnout terhadap job crafting. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 300 guru yang berdomisili pada wilayah Lampung dan Banten. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu Job Crafting Scale (JCS) yang dikembangkan oleh Tims et al, (2012), Job autonomy diukur menggunakan Breaugh Work Autonomy Scale (BWA Scale) yang telah di adaptasi oleh Saragih (2011), dan The MaslachBurnout Inventory yang telah di adaptasi oleh Nassar et al, (2020) yang selajutnya dilakukan pengujian validitas konstruk dengan menggunakan CFA. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian hipotesis, diperoleh bahwa job autonomy dan burnout memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap job crafting.
Mitigasi Risiko Keterlambatan Pembangunan Jembatan Perawang di Kecamatan Tasik Putripuyu Menggunakan Simulasi Monte Carlo Arafat, Muhammad
Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Vol. 7 No. 3 (2024): July
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jutin.v7i3.30563

Abstract

This study analyzes the risk of delays in the construction of the Perawang Bridge in Tasik Putripuyu District using Monte Carlo Simulation. Risk identification highlights several key factors that could cause delays, including design changes, delayed document approvals, and contractor financial issues. The Monte Carlo Simulation estimates a potential project delay of more than 30 days and a cost increase of up to 15% from the initial budget. To address these issues, the study proposes several mitigation strategies, such as improving stakeholder coordination, more effective project planning, and managing weather and safety risks. Implementing these strategies is expected to reduce the risk of delays and enhance the success of future infrastructure projects. The findings provide practical guidance for better project management and can be applied to similar infrastructure projects
Tanggung Jawab Direksi–Komisaris Pasca Serangan Siber: Fiduciary Duty dan Business Judgment Rule Arafat, Muhammad; Ugra Nugraha, Sigit
Equality : Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan Vol 3 No 1 (2026): Penguatan Prinsip Tanggung Jawab dan Perlindungan Hak dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesi
Publisher : Yayasan Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Sisi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.69836/equality-jlj.v3i1.511

Abstract

Digital transformation positions cyberattacks as a critical business risk, raising accountability questions at the board level. This article aims to (i) map the synergy between the legal frameworks of the Limited Liability Company Law (UU PT), the Personal Data Protection Law (UU PDP), and the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE) and sectoral regulations in dividing the obligations for preventing, monitoring, and reporting cyber incidents; (ii) formulate operational parameters for when negligence in cybersecurity governance can be qualified as a breach of fiduciary duty (specifically the duty of care) to the point of implicating the personal liability of company organs and, in certain circumstances, the penetration of limited liability; and (iii) assess the limits of the applicability of the Business Judgment Rule (BJR) as a post-incident safe harbor through process-based evidence. This research uses a normative juridical method with three approaches: legislation (Law 40/2007 concerning Limited Liability Companies, Law 27/2022 concerning Personal Data Protection, the ITE Law and its amendments, and sectoral regulations), doctrinal (fiduciary duty and BJR), and limited comparative (GDPR and the Caremark doctrine regarding the duty of oversight). The research findings indicate that: (i) failure to establish and oversee an adequate cybersecurity system can be viewed as a breach of duty of care, and if accompanied by circumstances indicating abuse or bad faith can strengthen the basis for attribution of personal responsibility and open up the possibility of assessing the penetration of limited liability; (ii) BJR only protects decisions/supervision made in good faith, based on adequate information, free from conflicts of interest, and accompanied by proportional preventive measures; (iii) documented and deadline-sensitive compliance—including notification of data protection failures no later than 3x24 hours, reporting of financial services sector incidents, and disclosure of information to issuers regarding material facts—is a key evidentiary element for assessing the fairness of the process and the enforceability of BJR; and (iv) the NIST Cybersecurity Framework and ISO/IEC 27001 can be positioned as objective benchmarks for assessing compliance with prudential standards. These findings offer a simple supervisory adequacy test for courts and process documentation guidelines (process dossiers) for Directors and Boards of Commissioners to strengthen the defensibility of post-incident decisions and supervision.
Kebebasan Berpendapat sebagai Hak Konstitusional: Tinjauan terhadap Praktik Penanganan Aksi Demonstrasi Arafat, Muhammad; Mulyaningsih, Rizki
Siyasah Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): Siyasah Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara
Publisher : UIN Jurai Siwo Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/8d8xc120

Abstract

Ketegangan inheren antara kebebasan berpendapat yang dijamin konstitusi dan kewajiban negara untuk menjaga ketertiban umum merupakan tantangan utama di negara demokrasi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melakukan analisis yuridis mendalam terhadap kerangka hukum yang mengatur demonstrasi di Indonesia serta faktor-faktor sistemik yang berkontribusi pada dilema yang dihadapi aparat penegak hukum. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif melalui pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus, analisis ini mengungkap adanya kesenjangan signifikan (das sein vs. das sollen) antara kerangka hukum yang canggih dan protektif terhadap hak (UUD 1945, UU No. 9/1998, Perkap No. 7/2012) dengan implementasinya di lapangan yang sering kali diwarnai oleh tindakan represif yang mengabaikan asas proporsionalitas dan nesesitas. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada penggunaan doktrin keseimbangan kepentingan dan proporsionalitas sebagai lensa analisis utama untuk mendekonstruksi "dilema" aparat, dengan membingkainya kembali sebagai kegagalan penerapan hukum alih-alih sebuah paradoks yang tak terpecahkan. Kesimpulannya, dilema aparat diperparah oleh isu sistemik, termasuk budaya impunitas dan akuntabilitas yang lemah, yang secara kolektif melanggengkan siklus kekerasan dalam aksi demonstrasi.
Co-Authors Abib, Agus Saiful Alexander Tito Enggar Wirasto Anisah Budiwati Mulyaningsih, Rizki Septiandani, Dian Sidik Tono Ugra Nugraha, Sigit Wardana, Rezky Eka