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Optimization and Characterization of Adsorbent from Palm Kernel Shell Waste Using H3PO4 Activator Herlambang, M. Julian; Ramandani, Adityas Agung; Cendekia, Devy; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Wulandari, Yeni Ria; Shintawati, Shintawati; Purnani, Mawar Siti; Efendi, Dimas Amirul Mukminin Nur
CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/cheesa.v6i2.15906.118-125

Abstract

Palm kernel shell is solid waste produced from the processing of crude palm oil (CPO). In this context, phosphoric acid (H3PO4) serves as an essential activator for producing an adsorbent with maximum micropore under operating conditions at a temperature of <450oC. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimal adsorbent condition of the palm kernel shell using H3PO4activator. The production process was optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Design (CCD) methods with activator concentration variations of 4%, 5%, and 6%, at activation times of 23 hours, 24 hours, and 25 hours, respectively. The quality of the adsorbent produced fulfilled SNI standard 06-3730-1995, characterized by water content of 1.001%, ash content of 5.767%, missing substance level of 18.932%, and fixed carbon content of 75.301%. Furthermore, this work effectively optimized the RSM and CCD adsorbent production process, achieving 4.785% variation in activator concentration and 24.679 hours activation time.
Characteristics of Liquid Sugar from Cassava Flour Using Gelatinization, Liquefaction and Enzymatic Saccharification (amyloglucosidase and α-amylase) Processes Agustina, Tika; Elsyana, Vida; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Ramandani, Adityas Agung; Purnani, Mawar Siti
Walisongo Journal of Chemistry Vol 7, No 1 (2024): Walisongo Journal of Chemistry
Publisher : Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/wjc.v7i1.20458

Abstract

Domestic sugar production is still insufficient to satisfy the national demand for sugar, and production costs are expensive. One of the ingredients that can be used to make liquid sugar is starch. This study aims to determine the response of the resulting reduced sugar by optimizing the substrate concentration, liquefaction, and saccharification time. The method used of Box Behnken Design (BBD) with combinations of 20, 30, and 40% substrate concentrations, liquefaction times of 20, 40, and 60 min, and saccharification times of 20, 40, and 60 min. The characteristics of cassava flour, such as moisture (9.208 ± 0.068%), ash (0.987 ± 0.001%), fiber (2.187 ± 0.033%), and starch (79.876 ± 0.000%), were satisfied on SNI 01-2905-1992. Liquid sugar made from cassava flour reduced the sugar content by 28.299 ± 0.101%. The optimal conditions were 40% substrate concentration, 60 min liquefaction time, and 60 min saccharification time. The characteristics of the validation liquid sugar are in accordance with the specifications for the quality requirements of SNI 01-2978-1992 in the form of moisture content, ash content, and reducing sugar of 5.194 ± 0.003%, 0.996 ± 0.000%, and 29.668 ± 0.761%, respectively. These results highlight the effectiveness of optimizing substrate concentration, liquefaction time, and saccharification time in producing high-quality liquid sugar from cassava flour. This optimization addresses the domestic demand for sugar. It provides a cost-effective solution by utilizing cassava flour, thereby supporting the local agricultural economy and potentially reducing reliance on imported sugar.
Pengaruh Subtitusi Tepung Terigu Dengan Ubi Jalar Ungu (Ipomoea batatas Poiret) Dan Rumput Laut (Euchema cotonii) Terhadap Kualitas Mie Basah Kining, Ekajayanti; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Husain, Halimah
Jurnal Gizi dan Kuliner (Journal of Nutrition and Culinary) Vol 1, No 2 (2021): EDISI AGUSTUS
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (246.55 KB) | DOI: 10.24114/jnc.v1i2.25259

Abstract

This research is an experimental research that aimed to find the best composition of purple sweet potato wet noodle between wheat flour, purple sweet potato and seaweed as food alternatives and determine the effect of ratio of flour and purple sweet potato by adding seaweed to the organoleptic quality (color, flavor, aroma and firmness), tensile strength and water content. The samples in this research were wheat flour, purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Poiret) and seaweed (Euchema cotonii). The research outcome data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 2 factorial i.e the ratio between flour and sweet potato (A) with 3 levels : (100% wheat flour: 0% sweet potato), (60% wheat flour: 40% sweet potato), and (50% wheat flour: 50% sweet potato) and the addition of seaweed (B) with 2 level, ie without the addition of seaweed and seaweed with the addition of 6 g. Ratio of wheat flour with purple sweet potato had highly significant effect on organoleptic (color, flavor, aroma and firmness), tensile strength and water content of the resulting wet noodle. The addition of seaweed had highly significant effect on the organoleptic color but did not significant effect on water content, tensile strength, organoleptic taste, aroma and firmness. Ratio of wheat flour and 60% purple sweet potato: 40% give better results in the manufacture of purple sweet potato wet noodles. 
Optimization of the Hydrolysis Process of Microalgae Porphyridium cruentum Biomass with Variations of Hydrochloric Acid Concentration, Temperature, and Time using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) Alvita, Livia Rhea; Elsyana, Vida; Kining, Ekajayanti
ALCHEMY:Journal of Chemistry Vol 11, No 2 (2023): ALCHEMY: JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Publisher : Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/al.v11i2.19500

Abstract

Microalgae Porphyridium cruentum has potential as a raw material for bioethanol production because it has a high carbohydrate content. These carbohydrates can be broken down into reducing sugars through the hydrolysis process. The reducing sugar obtained will be used as a substrate in the production of bioethanol. This study aimed to produce a substrate with the best-reducing sugar indicator and to determine the optimum conditions for hydrolysis of P. cruentum microalgae biomass following the Box-Behnken statistical experimental design, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The parameters of the optimized hydrolysis process were HCl concentration (2 - 0.2 N), temperature (60 -120 ˚C), and hydrolysis time (30-180 min). The optimum conditions that have been achieved using RSM are an HCl concentration of 1.91 N, a temperature of 60 °C, and a hydrolysis time of 180 min were predicted a maximum total reducing sugar production of 810 mg/L. The experimental result of total reducing sugar obtained at optimum conditions was 895 mg/L, which was well close to the predicted value, verifying the appropriateness of the model.Abstract is informed about the statements of the problem, methods, scientific finding results and conclusion concisely
Potensi Limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) sebagai Bioenergi pada Produksi Bio-Oil dengan Metode Pirolisis: Efek Temperatur: Potential of Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) Waste as Bioenergy to Produce Bio-Oil Using Pyrolysis Method: Temperature Effects Rezki, Amelia Sri; Wulandari, Yeni Ria; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Sari, Nita Pita
Jurnal Rekayasa Bahan Alam dan Energi Berkelanjutan Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.rbaet.2023.007.01.04

Abstract

Indonesia memiliki banyak sumber daya biomassa seperti limbah Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) untuk alternatif bahan bakar. Limbah padat TKKS memiliki kandungan selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin yang berpotensi menghasilkan beberapa produk melalui metode pirolisis. TKKS yang digunakan dari PT. Lambang Jaya, Lampung Selatan, Indonesia. Tujuan studi ini adalah karakterisasi bio-oil yang dihasilkan dari limbah TKKS serta mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi bio-oil. Percobaan dilakukan pada variasi temperatur 300°C, 350°C, dan 400°C, dengan biomassa TKKS berukuran 1 mm dalam reaktor pirolisis. Studi karakteristik fisika-kimia bio-oil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu yield bio-oil, pH, densitas, viskositas, dan heating rate. Studi Karakteristik pirolisis TKKS yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini adalah yield bio-oil antara 4,32-6,49%, yield asap cair 33,03%-37,44%, yield arang 33,33%-38,35%, dan yield gas 23,53%-26,91%. Hasil pH bio-oil bersifat asam karena memiliki pH antara 3,4-3,8, densitas bio-oil 1,146-1,296 g/ml, viskositas 18,443-20,860 cP serta heating rate 4,6-6,5 °C/menit yang dikategorikan dalam jenis pirolisis lambat karena dioperasikan pada temperatur rendah dan waktu tinggal ≥ 30 menit. Pengaruh temperatur pada yield bio-oil menunjukkan semakin tinggi temperatur proses yield bio-oil yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi. Melalui studi karakteristik yang dilakukan pada pirolisis TKKS produk yang dihasilkan menarik untuk dikembangkan pemanfaatannya dengan memperhatikan parameter proses yang berpengaruh.
Silica Adsorption from Boiler Effluent Using Activated Charcoal Derived from Palm Oil Fibre Waste with H3PO4 Activator Fernando, Ricky; Shintawati, Shintawati; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Wulandari, Yeni Ria; Ramandani, Adityas Agung; Arief, Febrina
CHEESA: Chemical Engineering Research Articles Vol. 7 No. 2 (2024): In Progress
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Madiun

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/cheesa.v7i2.17500.75-83

Abstract

Most waste from palm oil processing can be repurposed, such as using palm fibre waste to create activated charcoal. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of activated charcoal, produced by activating palm fibre with H₃PO₄, in removing silica from boiler output water. The production process involved pyrolysis at 200ºC for 2.5 hours. A completely randomized design was employed to test the effects of different H₃PO₄ concentration (with 1 to 2 M) and reaction times (30, 60, and 90 min). Results revealed that the moisture content of the activated charcoal ranged from 1.96% to 2.42%, ash content from 9.82% to 21.63%, and iodine adsorption from 366.43 to 457.87 mg/g. The highest silica adsorption capacity (3.5 g/g) was achieved with 2 M H₃PO₄ for 90 min. This indicates that palm fibre-derived activated charcoal is effective for silica removal, highlighting it is potential for enhancing environmental sustainability in industrial sector.
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH KELAPA MENJADI PRODUK RECYCLE RAMAH LINGKUNGAN DI PONDOK PESANTREN DARUL IMAN Alvita, Livia Rhea; Shintawati, Shintawati; Ermaya, Dewi; Afifah, Dian Ayu; Cendekia, Devy; Elsyana, Vida
Mitra Mahajana: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Vol. 5 No. 3 (2024): Volume 5 Nomor 3 Tahun 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Flores

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37478/mahajana.v5i3.4706

Abstract

Darul Iman is an Islamic boarding school located in Tanjung Sari Village, Natar District, South Lampung, which is the area around the Rejosari coconut factory. The coconut factory produces waste, one of which is coconut fibre. Coconut fibre can be reused and has a big opportunity to improve the surrounding community's economy, who generally work as farmers and casual daily workers at the factory. This community service activity aims to provide technical knowledge and skills to students in utilising coconut waste into environmentally friendly recycled products to be distributed back to the surrounding community or implemented themselves. The method used in this PkM activity consists of several stages, namely education on processing waste into coco fibre and how to make the product, then continued with technical guidance on making environmentally friendly recyclable products in the form of doormats and brooms. The effectiveness of PKM activities is evaluated by carrying out a pretest and posttest. The evaluation results show that the average posttest percentage score is 90%, getting a score of more than 70, this indicates that there has been an increase in technical knowledge and skills related to making environmentally friendly recyclable products from coconut fibre waste among the Darul Iman Islamic Boarding School students.
SCREENING AND DETERMINATION OF EMULSIFICATION ACTIVITY OF SURFACTANT-PRODUCING BACTERIA FROM PALM OIL INDUSTRY LIQUID WASTE Elsyana, Vida; Alvita, Livia Rhea; Afifah, Dian Ayu; Feladita, Niken; Setiawan, Panji
Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan IPA Vol 16, No 2 (2025): May 2025
Publisher : Universitas Tanjungpura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26418/jpmipa.v16i2.90726

Abstract

Biosurfactants are natural surfactants produced by certain microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, and yeast) and are considered the best candidates for replacing synthetic surfactants. Bacteria isolated from oil spill areas have shown the ability to produce biosurfactants. This study enriched bacteria from anaerobic wastewater of palm oil industry in Lampung then isolated and screened natural surfactant-producing bacteria and measured their emulsification activity. Screening of surfactant-producing bacteria was carried out using oil spreading assay and their emulsification activity was measured based on the emulsification index (EI). The results of the study obtained 7 bacterial isolates and all showed positive results in the oil spreading assay. The highest emulsification index (EI) was produced by the fifth isolate (LAC5) with a value of 42.32%. These results show the potential for emulsification activity of biosurfactants produced by anaerobic wastewater bacteria from palm oil industry ponds.