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Analysis of International Expert Migration: A Case Study of Brain Drain in the Philippines in 2015-2023 Pratama Angelita, Pristian; Laksmi Perbawani, Firsty Chintya
Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (JHASS) Vol 6 No 2: August 2024
Publisher : Lamintang Education and Training Centre, in collaboration with the International Association of Educators, Scientists, Technologists, and Engineers (IA-ESTE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36079/lamintang.jhass-0602.662

Filipina telah menjadi negara yang aktif mengirim pekerja ke seluruh dunia sejak era 1970-an, terutama para pekerja tenaga ahli. Tingginya tingkat migrasi tenaga ahli di Filipina didorong oleh budaya masyarakat yang percaya bahwa bekerja di luar negeri dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup mereka. Namun, fenomena ini telah menimbulkan masalah internal, yakni munculnya fenomena brain drain. Brain drain dipicu oleh faktor penarik dan faktor pendorong. Faktor-faktor tersebut dapat dianalisis lebih lanjut melalui keterkaitannya dengan wilayah asal, wilayah destinasi, hambatan yang mengintervensi, dan faktor personal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena migrasi internasional tenaga ahli dan dampak brain drain di Filipina tahun 2015 hingga 2023 menggunakan push-pull factors. Penulis menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan fenomena yang terjadi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan termasuk wawancara dan studi literatur. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan hubungan yang erat antara migrasi internasional di Filipina dan fenomena brain drain yang berdampak pada sektor-sektor penting seperti ekonomi, politik, dan sosial-budaya Filipina. Analysis of International Expert Migration: A Case Study of Brain Drain in the Philippines in 2015-2023 Abstract: The Philippines has actively sent workers around the world since the 1970s, particularly highly skilled workers. The Philippines' high level of skilled migration has been driven by a culture in which people assume that working abroad will improve their standard of living. However, this trend ended up resulting in internal difficulties, including the rise of the brain drain phenomenon. Brain drain is caused by both pull and push causes. These elements can be examined further in relation to the place of origin, destination region, intervening obstacles, and personal factors. The purpose of this study is to examine the phenomenon of international highly skilled migration and the impact of brain drain in the Philippines between 2015 and 2023 utilizing push-pull factors. The author employs a qualitative descriptive approach to describe the phenomena that occur. Interviews and literature reviews were employed as data-gathering strategies. The findings of this study demonstrate the significant correlation between international migration in the Philippines and the brain drain issue, which has consequences for key areas such as the Philippine economy, politics, and sociocultural. Keywords: Brain Drain, International Highly Skilled Migration, Migration.

Political, Economic, and Environmental Implications for Policies of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Global Perspective Lucca, Anggie Parawitha; priambodo, bayu; Perbawani, Firsty Chintya Laksmi
Jurnal Hubungan Internasional Vol. 16 No. 2 (2023): JURNAL HUBUNGAN INTERNASIONAL
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/jhi.v16i2.41928

The coronavirus pandemic has brought the world into an era that was previously unimaginable. Many life arrangements have changed a lot. This study looks at how the political, economic and environmental arrangements have changed due to COVID-19. The method in this study uses qualitative where the data search uses a library study. The results of the study show that from a political perspective, the pandemic poses a challenge to democracy as a value system and political system. The experience of an authoritarian country facing a pandemic, such as China, is promoted as the most ideal model for dealing with crises. From an economic perspective, as the business world was hit, the trend emerged was the rise of the state as the actor who played the most role in the economy. This can be seen from various policies such as nationalizing important sectors, saving corporations, and providing assistance to affected people.

Achieving Gender Equality in Higher Education: A Case Study of UPN Veteran Jawa Timur Employees Perbawani, Firsty Chintya Laksmi; Trisnaningtyas, Januari Pratama Nurratri
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 8th International Seminar of Research Month 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.4127

Gender inequality remains a prominent and multifaceted issue in Indonesia, spanning across social, economic, and security dimensions. In the context of higher education, these disparities manifest in unequal access to opportunities, differential treatment, and limited access to marginalized gender groups. This study delves into the pressing need to establish a gender-responsive university environment that fosters inclusivity, safety, and equality for all. Focusing on the case study of employees at UPN Veteran Jawa Timur, this research employs a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys, focus group discussions, and qualitative interviews to assess the institution's current state of gender responsiveness. By examining policies, practices, and perceptions, it seeks to identify both the strengths and areas for improvement within the institution's gender equality framework. Furthermore, this study uses indicators of gender-responsive higher education as well as gender equality targets in sustainable development goals as a tool of analysis. This research found that the majority of respondents express the overall adequacy of gender-responsive policies in UPN Veteran Jawa Timur. However, some specific sectors need further attention and refinement, particularly regarding gender-friendly facilities such as nursing room and access for people with disability. The study also underscores the necessity of holistic efforts to navigate the intricate pathways toward a gender responsive university in the future.

Achieving Gender Equality in Higher Education: A Case Study of UPN Veteran Jawa Timur Employees Firsty Chintya Laksmi Perbawani; Januari Pratama Nurratri Trisnaningtyas
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 8th International Seminar of Research Month 2023
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2024.4127

Gender inequality remains a prominent and multifaceted issue in Indonesia, spanning across social, economic, and security dimensions. In the context of higher education, these disparities manifest in unequal access to opportunities, differential treatment, and limited access to marginalized gender groups. This study delves into the pressing need to establish a gender-responsive university environment that fosters inclusivity, safety, and equality for all. Focusing on the case study of employees at UPN Veteran Jawa Timur, this research employs a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, integrating surveys, focus group discussions, and qualitative interviews to assess the institution's current state of gender responsiveness. By examining policies, practices, and perceptions, it seeks to identify both the strengths and areas for improvement within the institution's gender equality framework. Furthermore, this study uses indicators of gender-responsive higher education as well as gender equality targets in sustainable development goals as a tool of analysis. This research found that the majority of respondents express the overall adequacy of gender-responsive policies in UPN Veteran Jawa Timur. However, some specific sectors need further attention and refinement, particularly regarding gender-friendly facilities such as nursing room and access for people with disability. The study also underscores the necessity of holistic efforts to navigate the intricate pathways toward a gender responsive university in the future.

From Protest to Occupation: Analyzing the Social and Political Implications of the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone Firsty Chintya Laksmi Perbawani; Ofel Abiwada Abimanyu; Angelina Febriola Putri
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings International Relations on Indonesian Foreign Policy Conference 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3402

Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone (CHAZ) or Capitol Hill Occupied Protest (CHOP) was a self-proclaimed autonomous zone established in June 2020 in Seattle, Washington. After a week of fraught interactions between demonstrators and police in riot gear, protesters established the area after the Seattle Police Department abandoned the East Precinct. The area, which encompassed two intersections at the extremities of Cal Anderson Park and the roadways leading to them, was self-organized and lacked formal leadership. This research paper examines the formation of CHAZ, its processes, and its effects on Seattle's later growth. This research paper contends, utilizing Mancur Olson's Collective Action Theory and a qualitative approach, that CHAZ was established as a result of the local government's minimal effort to engage with the local community. Furthermore, Michael Lipsky's conception of protest as a political resource bolsters CHAZ's demonstration of how protest can influence decision-makers through indirect channels, such as occupation. CHAZ ultimately succeeded in persuading the public and influencing municipal policies to be more equitable.

Leadership and Health Security During the Covid-19 Pandemic: Case Analysis in Indonesia Anggi Koenjaini Putri; Gideon Candra Agape; Renitha Dwi Hapsari; Firsty Chintya Laksmi Perbawani; Maria Indira Aryani
Nusantara Science and Technology Proceedings 7st International Seminar of Research Month 2022
Publisher : Future Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/nstp.2023.3382

This research examines the correlation between leadership politics and health security in handling the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia (Surabaya City area). This research focuses on the Omicron cases in Indonesia, from February 1, 2022, to April 4, 2022. This study examines the public response to policies issued by the Government to tackle the spread of the Covid-19 virus, precisely vaccination policies and the implementation of activity restrictions. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive approach with a structured questionnaire survey observations and interviews to measure public responses to the policy created by leaders. Theoretical and empirical evidence shows that public trust in Government is critical to general compliance with social policies. The survey results that have been carried out show solid public belief in the Government when controlling COVID-19 during the Omicron, which is indicated by the public's interest in adopting proportional health behaviors following vaccination policies and restrictions on social activities. Interview responses from health medical personnel and political elites, the House of Representatives as policy supervisors, showed that the surge of patients during the Omicron wave could handle because prevention was more prepared to prevent the risk of death. In addition, the public accepts government policies that are more organized in responding to the Covid-19 pandemic during the Omicron by conveying information. So this perception with a higher level of trust in the Government. The Government of Indonesia's leadership practices appears to be on the right track regarding public health security measures during the Omicron wave. Therefore, the expression of public trust is not something instant. It is influenced by public confidence in the policy presented and processed by the Government so that faith in obeying the rules can control people's behavior.

ANALYSIS OF THE FACTORS FOR CHANGING THE FOREIGN POLICY OF BRITISH IMMIGRATION TO A POINTS-BASED IMMIGRATION SYSTEM Lestari, Tina Adelia; Perbawani, Firsty Chintya Laksmi
Jurnal Sosiologi Dialektika Sosial Vol. 11 No. 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Sosiologi Universitas Malikussaleh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29103/jsds.v11i1.21210

This study aims to determine the reasons why the UK changed its immigration foreign policy. This study will explain the factors that drove the change in UK immigration policy to the Points-Based Immigration System. The research method used in this study is explanatory qualitative. This article is compiled by collecting data from books, journal articles, official government websites, and credible articles related to the topic being analyzed. After officially leaving the European Union, the UK stopped the Free Movement policy and replaced it with a new immigration policy based on points, namely the Points-Based Immigration System. This new policy, which is stricter and under the full control of the British government, is expected to reduce the high number of immigrants in the UK. After being bound by EU policies for so long, the UK is finally free to implement its own policies that are in accordance with its national interests. The findings show that changes in UK immigration foreign policy are driven by domestic factors in the form of bureaucracy, public opinion, media, interest groups, and political parties, as well as international factors in the form of global factors, regional factors, bilateral relations, and non-state actors.

The Effectiveness Of The Palermo Protocol In The Case Of Women And Children: Countering Human Trafficking In The Philippines Wicahyo, Maulidia Zalsa; Perbawani, Firsty Chintya Laksmi
POLITICO Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): JURNAL POLITICO FISIPOL
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Jember Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32528/politico.v24i2.3050

Human trafficking, particularly involving women and children, is a serious challenge for the Philippines. As a country with a high rate of child sexual exploitation in East Asia, the Philippines has sought to eradicate this crime through the ratification of the Palermo Protocol, the passage of Republic Act No. 9208 and Republic Act No. 10364, as well as the establishment of the Inter-Agency Council Against Trafficking (IACAT). This study analyzes the effectiveness of the implementation of the Palermo Protocol in the Philippines using the Domestic Salience theory to measure the extent to which international norms have been adopted in domestic policies. The results show that the Philippines successfully improved its law enforcement capacity and obtained Tier 1 status in the Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) in 2016. However, challenges such as limited resources, corruption, and inter-agency coordination still hinder the effectiveness of anti-trafficking policies. With a national strategy that includes prevention, victim protection, law enforcement, and international partnerships, the Philippines continues to reduce human trafficking. Despite significant progress, the study concludes that policy strengthening through cross-sector coordination, capacity building of law enforcement officials, and expansion of victim rehabilitation services are needed to ensure long-term effectiveness in combating human trafficking.

Keamanan Komunitas dan Tata Kelola Perbatasan: Studi Kasus Wilayah Baarle-Nassau dan Baarle-Hertog Perbawani, Firsty Chintya Laksmi
Global and Policy Journal of International Relations Vol 13, No 01 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Pembangunan Nasional "Veteran" Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33005/jgp.v13i01.5281

This article examines community security and border governance through a case study of Baarle-Nassau (Netherlands) and Baarle-Hertog (Belgium), an enclave-exclave region marked by extreme spatial and administrative fragmentation, comprising 30 enclaves in total; 22 Belgian enclaves within the Netherlands and 8 Dutch counter-enclaves within Belgian territory. Using a qualitative-descriptive method and the UNDP’s (2012) framework of community security, this article explores seven key dimensions: (1) historical-rooted spatial fragmentation reflects unresolved conflict legacies; (2) civic participation is institutionalized through joint bodies like Gemeenschappelijke Orgaan Baarle (GOB) and Benelux Grouping for Territorial Cooperation (BGTC); (3) multi-sectoral collaboration enables dual delivery of services such as education and emergency response; (4) strong social cohesion is fostered through inclusive events and symbolic integration; (5) access to reliable public services is ensured via shared schools and infrastructure; (6) the absence of intercommunal violence demonstrates effective boundary normalization; and (7) local institutions exhibit strong capacity for cross-border coordination. These findings are situated within the broader framework of border governance, showing how overlapping jurisdictions and divided territories give rise to mosaic sovereignty, where functional cooperation overrides territorial rigidity, and everyday bordering, where symbolic negotiation and civic routines normalize fragmentation. The Baarle case thus illustrates how human security and border governance can coexist through flexible, inclusive, and community-centered practices.

UPAYA SEKURITISASI PERUBAHAN IKLIM MELALUI TUVALU COASTAL ADAPTATION PROJECT 2012-2024 Almira Aida Shakira; Firsty Chintya Laksmi Perbawani
Journal Publicuho Vol. 8 No. 1 (2025): February - April - Journal Publicuho
Publisher : Halu Oleo University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35817/publicuho.v8i1.698

The research focuses on analysing the Tuvalu government’s efforts to securitise climate change through the Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project 2012-2024. The research method employed is descriptive research, which describes phenomena based on occurring facts, utilising secondary data sources through literature studies, including official TCAP policy documents, speeches by Tuvalu officials at UN forums, and statements in mass media. The results of this study found that the securitization efforts by the Tuvalu government through TCAP were successful, as they fulfilled the stages outlined in securitization theory including: (1) securitizing moves through speech acts performed by securitization actors, (2) framing of referent objects that must be protected from existential threats, (3) extraordinary measures taken by securitization actors to ensure the securitization process, and (4) audience acceptanc.

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