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Implikasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Terhadap Kedudukan Anak Di Luar Perkawinan Setyawan, Rahmad; Nur Sholikin; Al - Robin
Ahwaluna | Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 5 No 1 (2024): September, 2024
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.70143/ahwalunajurnalhukumkeluargaislam.v1i1.337

Abstract

Abstract This research aims to explain and analyze the legal considerations and concurring opinion presented by Judge Maria Farida Indrati, as well as the implications of Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 on the status of children born out of wedlock. This study is a library research using a descriptive-analytical method. The data in this research was obtained by examining Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010, as well as various library references related to the issue under investigation. The research results show that the Constitutional Court has made a progressive and responsive legal breakthrough to achieve justice for children born out of wedlock, although within the legal considerations, a concurring opinion was expressed by Judge Maria Farida Indrati. This legal breakthrough declares that a child born out of wedlock (sirri) has a civil relationship with their mother and the mother's family, as well as with the man as the father, which can be proven based on science and technology and/or other legal evidence indicating a blood relationship, including civil relations with the father's family. The civil rights granted to a child born out of wedlock (sirri) do not conflict with the provisions concerning lineage, inheritance, and guardianship. A child born out of wedlock (sirri) can claim rights that are not regulated in fiqh, such as the right to education expenses, healthcare, living necessities, and future preparation. Additionally, the child can claim compensation for unlawful acts that harm others, as stipulated in Article 1365 of the Civil Code, or claim for breach of contract. In short, a child born out of wedlock (sirri) has civil rights unrelated to lineage, inheritance, guardianship, or any civil rights not related to the principles of munakahat according to fiqh. Keywords: The Status of Children Born Out of Wedlock; Marriage Registration; Constitutional Court Decision Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010.
Contemporary Ijtihad Deconstruction in The Supreme Court: Wasiat Wajibah as An Alternative for Non-Muslim Heirs in Indonesia Setyawan, Rahmad; Witro, Doli; Busni, Darti; Kustiawan, Muhamad Taufik; Syahbani, Fatimatuz Zahro Mulia
Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir'ah Vol 22, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : IAIN Manado

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30984/jis.v22i1.2968

Abstract

This research aims to critically analyze and deconstruct the rules and theoretical rules of ijtihad and its implementation in resolving contemporary Islamic inheritance law issues that develop in the Supreme Court. The focus of this research is on the wasiat wajibah (compulsory testament) as an alternative for non-Muslim heirs. This field research uses a descriptive-analytical method to explain the conception of ijtihad comprehensively. The primary data for this research came from interviews and observations. Interviews were conducted with several Religious Court Judges and Religious High Court Judges. Meanwhile, observation was conducted in several religious courts and high religious courts. Secondary data came from library data such as Supreme Court decisions on compulsory testaments for non-Muslim heirs. In addition, this library data is also supported by classical books (yellow book), scientific articles, internet websites, etc., related to the research topic. In several of its decisions, this study found that the Supreme Court has carried out modern ijtihad in Islamic inheritance law by providing an alternative law in the form of a compulsory testament for non-Muslim heirs to enjoy the inheritance of Muslim heirs. This alternative law is a product of the ijtihad of judges through the renewal of ijtihad methodology in the context of legal discovery (rechtvinding), which aims to distribute a sense of justice to parties prevented from getting inherited property.  The birth of several Supreme Court decisions, such as decisions number 16 K/AG/2010, 218 K/AG/2016, and 331 K/AG/2018, which provide legal alternatives in the form of compulsory testaments for non-Muslim heirs, is a historical necessity that must be interpreted positively for the sake of future history.
Kaidah Mufrad dan Jama’ dalam Menafsirkan Al-Qur’an Almunawar, Abdul Wahab; Islamiyah, Islamiyah; Setyawan, Rahmad; Qatrunnada, Salsabila; Afrianto, Rendi; Fiy, Muhammad Shun Fan'Ulum; siswanto, ahmad
Wahana Islamika: Jurnal Studi Keislaman Vol. 10 No. 2 (2024): Wahana Islamika: Jurnal Studi Keislaman
Publisher : STAI Syubbanul Wathon Magelang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61136/khtx0q35

Abstract

Abstract: The language and style of the Qur'ān have attracted a large number of Western Qur'ānic scholars. In looking at the substance of the Qur'anic uslub, it is necessary to approach the rules of interpretation such as mufrad and jama'. Mufrad and Jama' is one of the rules of interpretation that has uniqueness, because there are words that are consistently mufrad and jama'. This type of research is library research that explores the treasures of the ulumul Qur'an related to mufrad and jama'. This research uses the theoretical approach of the principles and ulumul Qur'an and tafsir. Primary data is taken from the literature of the main Qur'anic rules or ulum such as Manna Al-Qaththan. While secondary data is taken from various literature studies in the form of books, articles, and books of tafsir that have relevant to this paper. The results of this study are first, in terms of structure in Arabic grammar (ilm al-nahw, grammar), lafazh mufrad in Arabic means the same as singular in English, which means single. While the same lafazh jama' (English: plural) in English is a term used to refer to ism which indicates the meaning of more than two. Second, the use of mufrad in the Qur'an, for example, is Al-Ardh, Al-Nur, Al-Rih, Al-Nar and Al Jannah and the plural lafazh and its examples in the Qur'an include: al-sama', al-Rih.
Najmuddīn Al-Tūfī's Thoughts on The Dynamics of Inheritance Law 2:1 Perspective of Maṣlaḥah Setyawan, Rahmad; Kustiawan, Muhaman Taufik
Al-Hukama': The Indonesian Journal of Islamic Family Law Vol. 11 No. 2 (2021): Desember
Publisher : Islamic Family Law Department, Sharia and Law Faculty, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15642/alhukama.2021.11.2.85-114

Abstract

Islamic hereditary law in the reality of human life demands legal dynamism to vouch for the flexibility and adaptability of genetic law following the characteristics of modern Muslim societies. This article elaborates on the dynamics of the 2: 1 inheritance law between heirs, male and women, from the perspective of the maṣlaḥah of Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī. To analyze the conception of inheritance 2:1 division, this study attempts to dissect it with the theory of maṣlaḥah Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī. The studies and analysis have been discovered, resulting in the conclusion that the dynamics of the 2: 1 hereditary law has been subject to embodying the benefits properly. In the view of Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī, the help is the goal of sharia, even the highest argument if it is contradicted between text and maṣlaḥah. This view, when applied to the verse of the Holy Qur'an, An Nisa (4): 11, will open up opportunities for responsive reinterpretation. Based on this concept, it is understood that deviating from the law of text in the distribution of inheritance is permissible to create benefits for the heirs and avoid disputes. [Hukum kewarisan Islam dalam realitas kehidupan manusia menuntut terjadinya dinamisasi hukum untuk menjamin fleksibelitas dan adaptabilitas hukum kewarisan yang sesuai dengan karakteristik masyarakat muslim modern. Artikel ini mengkaji dinamisasi hukum waris 2:1 antara ahli waris laki-laki dan perempauan perspektif maṣlaḥah Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī. Untuk menganalisis konsepsi pembagian warisan 2:1, kajian ini berupaya membedahnya dengan teori maṣlaḥah Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī. Dari kajian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa dinamisasi hukum waris 2:1 mempunyai tujuan agar aspek kemaslahatan bisa terwujudkan secara tepat. Dalam pandangan Najmuddīn al-Ṭūfī, kemaslahatan merupakan tujuan dari syariah, bahkan dalil tertinggi jika dipertentangkan antara nash dan maṣlaḥah. Pandangan tersebut jika diaplikasikan terhadap QS. An Nisa (4):11 akan membuka peluang terjadinya reinterpretasi yang responsif. Berdasarkan konsep tersebut, menjadi maklum bahwa menyimpangi teks hukum dalam pembagian warisan diperbolehkan demi mewujudkan kemaslahatan bagi ahli waris dan menghindari terjadinya perselisihan.]
Menakar Pencatatan Perkawinan di Indonesia Perspektif Kaidah Fiqhiyyah: Antara Legalitas Negara dan Keabsahan Syariah Setyawan, Rahmad
Jurnal Al-Hakim: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa, Studi Syariah, Hukum dan Filantropi Vol. 6 No. 2 November 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah, Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Mas Said Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/jurnalalhakim.v6i2.10063

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This research examines marriage registration in Indonesia through the lens of fiqhiyyah principles, exploring its role in determining marriage validity. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, this library-based study draws data from various sources, including books, journals, scholarly works, the Qur'an, hadith, dictionaries, encyclopedias, laws, court decisions, and other available documents. The findings reveal two primary perspectives on marriage registration: one views it as a non-essential administrative step that serves merely as evidence of marriage, while the other sees it as an additional requirement for marriage validity. Despite these differing opinions, fiqhiyyah principles emphasize that marriage registration, although not a determinant of validity, is a legal obligation that all Indonesians must observe. This requirement is grounded in the principles of promoting welfare and preventing harm. Thus, marriage registration serves as a means to support these goals, ensuring that state legality and sharia validity align to fulfill the objectives of marriage.
HAK NON MUSLIM DALAM HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASID SYARIAH (Telaah Putusan Pengadilan Agama Kabanjahe Nomor: 2/Pdt.G/2011/PA-Kbj) setyawan, rahmad
Ahwaluna | Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 6 No 1 (2025): Maret
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This article discusses non-Muslim rights in Islamic inheritance law with a case study of the Kabanjahe Religious Court decision number: 2/Pdt.G/2011/PA-Kbj. Methodologically, this research is a literature research with descriptive analytical method. The results of the study indicate a shift in the stelsel of Islamic inheritance law from the Qur'an and hadith into modern Indonesian fiqh. Normatively, the provisions of Islamic inheritance law and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) explain that religious differences between the testator and the heirs are a barrier to inheriting each other. However, as stated in the decision of the Kabanjahe Religious Court number: 2/Pdt.G/2011/PA-Kbj, non Muslim heirs can be given a share of the assets of a Muslim heir through the construction of a mandatory will in order to realize public benefits oriented towards a sense of justice. Essentially, the decision underlines the importance of understanding Islamic inheritance law not only textually, but also contextually by taking into account social realities and inter-religious relations. In addition, from the perspective of maqasid sharia, the granting of mandatory wills to non Muslim heirs can also maintain or protect the five main interests in Islam, namely religion, soul, mind, descendants, and property. Keywords: Non Muslim Rights, Mandatory Will, Maqasid Sharia.
Wasiat Wajibah, Nonmuslim dan Kemaslahatan Hukum: Studi Putusan MA Tahun 1995-2010 Setyawan, Rahmad
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 53 No 1 (2019)
Publisher : UINSunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v53i1.644

Abstract

Abstract: In terms of Islamic inheritance law, nonmuslims are the parties who are prevented from obtaining inheritance. This provision is clearly stipulated in the hadith of the Prophet and has also been agreed upon by the majority of scholars. However, the Supreme Court (MA) through a number of decisions has granted nonmuslims the right to inherit property through the compulsory will. This article examines the decisions of the Supreme Court from 1995 to 2010 regarding this issue. To analyze a number of Supreme Court decisions, this study seeks to trace the legal discovery process carried out by the Supreme Court using the maṣlaḥah theory. The research analysis concluded that the provision of compulsory wills serves as a legal effort taken by the Supreme Court to create benefit and apply the princple of justice. In this case, the Supreme Court has made legal findings (rechtvinding) using the istiṣlāhi method, which emphasizes the aspect of direct benefit. The provision of a mandatory will can be legally justified, although there is no stipulation in the Al-Qur’an, hadith, or positive law that explicitly explains wills to non-Muslim heirs. In addition, the provision of the mandatory will can also be seen as a process of realizing the general principles and objectives of Islamic law.Abstrak: Dalam hukum kewarisan Islam, nonmuslim adalah pihak yang terhalang untuk mendapatkan warisan. Hal ini dinyataan seecra tegas dalam hadis nabi dan juga telah disepakati oleh mayoritas ulama. Namun demikian, Mahkamah Agung (MA) melalui sejumlah putusannya telah memberikan hak kepada nonmuslim untuk mendapatkan harta warisan melalui mekanisme wasiat wajibah. Artikel ini mengkaji putusan Mahkamah Agung sejak tahun 1995 hingga 2010. Untuk menganalisis sejumlah putusan Mahkamah Agung tersebut, kajian ini berupaya melacak proses penemuan hukum yang dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Agung dengan menggunakan teori maṣlaḥah. Dari kajian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperolehlah kesimpulan bahwa pemberian wasiat wajibah merupakan upaya hukum yang dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Agung untuk mewujudkan kemaslahatan dan mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai keadilan. Dalam hal ini, Mahkamah Agung telah melakukan penemuan hukum (rechtvinding) dengan menggunakan metode istiṣlaḥi yang menekankan aspek kemaslahatan secara langsung. Pemberian wasiat wajibah tersebut dapat dibenarkan secara hukum, meskipun tidak ada sumber dari Al-Qur’an, hadits maupun hukum positif yang menjelaskan secara eksplisit tentang wasiat kepada ahli waris non-muslim. Selain itu, pemberian wasiat wajibah tersebut juga dapat dilihat sebagai proses realisasi prinsip-prinsip umum dan tujuan-tujuan pensyariatan hukum Islam.