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All Journal International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Magna Neurologica Neurona
Ilhamsyah, Rudi
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Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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Correlation of electrolytes with falling risk, cognitive function, and functional outcome in acute ischemic stroke patient Mirawati, Diah Kurnia; Ristinawati, Ira; Prabaningtyas, Hanindia Riani; Tedjo, Raden Andi Ario; Putra, Stefanus Erdana; Hafizhan, Muhammad; Ilhamsyah, Rudi
International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS) Vol 13, No 3: September 2024
Publisher : Intelektual Pustaka Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11591/ijphs.v13i3.23839

Abstract

Stroke outcome is determined on multiple factors. However, there are limited studies discussing the impact of electrolyte imbalance on stroke outcome. In this study, we analyzed sodium, calcium, and potassium level in acute ischemic stroke, and compare their risk of falling, cognitive function, and functional outcome. This was a cross-sectional study in Dr. Moewardi General Hospital, Indonesia between January and June 2023. Patient with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in this study. Cognitive function was assessed with mini mental state examination (MMSE) and the Indonesian version of montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA-Ina). National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), Modified Rankin Scale (MRS) and Morse Fall Score (MFS) were used to assessed stroke severity, disability, and risk of falling, respectively. Pearson correlation was then performed to evaluate the correlation of electrolytes level with MMSE, MoCA-Ina, NIHSS, MRS, and MFS. Furthermore, we also analyzed the odds ratio of increasing risk of falling, cognitive function deterioration, and worse functional outcome. A p-value of <0.05 is considered statistically significant. On univariate analysis, natrium is correlated with MMSE (r=0.174; p=0.042), NIHSS (r=-0.412; p=0.011), MRS (r=-0.174; p=0.042), and MFS (r=-0.304; p=0.042). Potassium is correlated with MMSE (r=0.344; p=0.044), MoCA-INA (r=0.341; p=0.048), NIHSS (r=-0.572; p=0.019), (MRS r=-0.376; p=0.017), and MFS (r=-0.612; p=0.031). Calcium is correlated with NIHSS r=-0.348 (p=0.018), MRS r=-0.256 (p=0.036). On odds ratio analysis, low natrium level increased the risk of deteriorating cognitive function, and low level of potassium increased the risk of falling. Electrolyte imbalances correlates with risk of falling and deteriorating cognitive function.
Virtual Conventional Therapy for Motor Rehabilitation in Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review Ilhamsyah, Rudi; Hambarsari, Yetty; Santoso, Markus; Gunawan, Hendry; Nur Ekasari, Esti; Hartanto, Krisandi; Yang, Han
Magna Neurologica Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): July
Publisher : Department of Neurology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/magnaneurologica.v3i2.1680

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, significantly impacting motor function, sensory, visual, and cognitive abilities. Conventional physical therapy has traditionally been used for stroke rehabilitation. However, technological advances have introduced virtual reality (VR) as a rehabilitation tool. Research has highlighted the therapeutic value of VR in improving motor functions, with some studies suggesting superior outcomes compared to traditional therapy. Despite this, the literature presents varied results, necessitating a systematic review to evaluate the breadth of evidence. Objective: This study aims to compare the effectiveness of VR therapy with conventional physical therapy in extremity function among stroke patients. Methods: A primary search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and ProQuest databases using keywords related to stroke, VR, and conventional therapy. Studies will be included if they compare the efficacy of VR with conventional therapy in stroke rehabilitation. Non-comparative studies, non-English publications, and irrelevant topics will be excluded. Results: A literature search yielded 15 eligible journals using a randomized clinical trial. Analysis showed that 4 out of 15 articles found VR therapy not superior to conventional therapy, while the other 11 articles demonstrated that VR therapy statistically improved patient conditions compared to conventional therapy. Conclusion: VR-based exercises stimulate cortical reorganization and strengthen neural systems involved in motor planning, learning, and execution. Most studies indicate that VR therapy is more effective in enhancing motor recovery, balance, and limb function in stroke patients and increasing patient motivation and engagement than conventional training.
MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN PASIEN HIPERTENSI TENTANG PENCEGAHAN STROKE: PERBANDINGAN ANTARA TEMUAN EMPIRIS DAN TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS Ilhamsyah, Rudi; Prabaningtyas, Hanindia Riani; Yang, Han
Majalah Kedokteran Neurosains Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Vol 42 No 1 (2025): Volume 42, No 1 - Desember 2025
Publisher : PERDOSNI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52386/neurona.v42i1.798

Abstract

Abstract Background Stroke is leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, particularly in developing countries where hypertension is a significant modifiable risk factor. The awareness of stroke risk factors among hypertensive patients crucial for effective prevention strategies. Hypertension is recognized as primary risk factor for stroke, contributing to approximately 70% of ischemic strokes globally. In Indonesia, the prevalence of hypertension is high, with studies indicating that 33.4% of individuals aged 43.3 years are affected, underscores the urgent need for enhanced awareness and education regarding stroke prevention. Research Objectives The primary objective of this research is to enhance knowledge of hypertensive patients regarding stroke prevention through two approaches: empirical study in Karanggeneng, Boyolali, and systematic review. Methods and Materials This study combining an empirical study conducted in Karanggeneng, Boyolali, with systematic review registered in PROSPERO (ID: CRD420251011016). The empirical study utilized pre and post-test design. Statistical analysis performed using Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Results The empirical study revealed improved knowledge scores. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test yielded a Z value of -5.563 with an asymptotic significance <0.001, indicating a statistically significant increase in knowledge. The review reported improvements in knowledge following educational interventions, there were still notable gaps in awareness regarding stroke risk factors and prevention strategies. Conclusion This research underscores importance of educational intervention enhancing stroke knowledge. The findings from both the empirical study and the systematic review suggest that continuous education and awareness programs are essential for improving health outcomes, reducing the risk of stroke. Keywords: Stroke, Hypertension, Knowledge, Educational Intervention
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NEURODEGENERATIVE BIOMARKERS AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL CHANGES Ristinawati, Ira; Ilhamsyah, Rudi; Yang, Han; Pradana, Muhammad Yusuf Brilliant; Putra, Mohammad Sandhia Mahardhika
MNJ (Malang Neurology Journal) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2026): January
Publisher : PERDOSSI (Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Saraf Indonesia Cabang Malang) - Indonesian Neurological Association Branch of Malang cooperated with Neurology Residency Program, Faculty of Medicine Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.mnj.2025.012.01.15

Abstract

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases represent a growing global health challenge, with early detection remaining elusive in clinical settings. Recent advances in fluid biomarkers have enabled the identification of molecular changes preceding clinical symptoms, thus offering promising avenues for early diagnosis and personalized management. This review synthesizes current findings on biomarker utility alongside neuroimaging in neurodegenerative disease detection and prognosis Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and prognostic value of fluid biomarkers and neuroimaging in the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on Alzheimer’s disease. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251142436), followed PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches across PubMed and Scopus identified peer-reviewed studies from 1985–2025 on neurodegenerative biomarkers and neurobehavioral changes. Standardized mean differences (SMD) along with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random-effects model to address study variability. The degree of heterogeneity was quantified by the I² statistic, while publication bias was assessed qualitatively due to the limited number of included studies. Results: This Meta-analysis reveals heterogeneity in biomarker-MRI correlations, biomarkers demonstrate remarkable accuracy in detecting Alzheimer’s at its earliest stages. This early detection capability for early intervention. No consistent overall effect emerged, underscoring standardization protocols remains a major challenge. Conclusion: Biomarker represent a promising approach for early detection and precise intervention in Alzheimer’s disease. Integrating fluid biomarkers, advanced neuroimaging, and standardized cerebrospinal fluid analysis enhances diagnostic accuracy and enables timely therapy during the prodromal stage. Future research should explore synergies between fluid biomarkers and digital cognitive tools to develop scalable, cost-effective screening protocols.
Co-Authors Diah Kurnia Mirawati Hafizhan, Muhammad Hambarsari, Yetty Han Yang Hartanto, Krisandi Hendry Gunawan, Hendry Nur Ekasari, Esti Prabaningtyas, Hanindia Riani Pradana, Muhammad Yusuf Brilliant Putra, Mohammad Sandhia Mahardhika Ristinawati, Ira Santoso, Markus Stefanus Erdana Putra Tedjo, Raden Andi Ario