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IDENTIFIKASI GULMA PADA LAHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI KECAMATAN TARAKAN TIMUR Aditya Murtilaksono; Amarullah; Rahim, Abdul; Adiwena, Muh; Santoso, Dwi; Nurul; Hasanah, Fatiatul; Mumpuni Anggrayni, Irra
AGRO TATANEN | Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): AGRO TATANEN Edisi Juli 2024 | Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi Faperta UNIBBA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55222/agrotatanen.v6i2.1336

Sistem pertanian budidaya di Tarakan Timur didominasi tanaman hortikultura yang rentan terhadap serangan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman sehingga berakibat pada penurunan produksi. Salah satu OPT yang berkaitan langsung dengan budidaya hortikultura adalah gulma dengan segala jenis, dampak, dan biologinya. Oleh sebab itu perlu tindakan identifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi gulma dengan mengetahui spesies gulma dan spesies gulma yang dominan dimana pelaksanaan penelitian ini pada lahan budidaya tanaman hortikultura di Kecamatan Tarakan Timur. Pengambilan sampel gulma menggunakan metode kuadrat secara acak, sebanyak 50 sampel dengan ukuran petakan 1 m x 1 m. Hasil penelitian menemukan 39 jenis gulma, 24 spesies termasuk gulma golongan berdaun lebar, 12 spesies rumputan dan 3 jenis diantaranya golongan teki. Spesies gulma dominan adalah gulma Cyperus compressus dengan nilai SDR tertinggi sebesar 23,11%.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK GULMA BELULANG (Eleusine indica L.) SEBAGAI BIOHERIBISIDA DALAM MENGENDALIKAN GULMA MENIRAN (Phyllanthus niruri L.) PADA TANAMAN PAKCOY (Brassica rapa L. subsp. chinensis) Murtilaksono, Aditya; Adiwena, Muh; Chairiyah, Nurul; Sabir, Muhammad
JURNAL AGRONIDA Vol. 10 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Agronida
Publisher : Universitas Djuanda

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30997/jag.v10i1.11297

Pakcoy merupakan jenis sayuran yang banyak dibudidayakan di Kota Tarakan. Salah satu kendala budidaya Pakcoy adalah adanya gulma meniran yang banyak tumbuh di sekitar tempat budidaya pakcoy. Salah satu cara mengendalikan gulma meniran adalah melalui penggunaan herbisida nabati yang berasal dari gulma belulang. Kandungan metabolit sekunder dari belulang mampu mengendalikan gulma meniran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak belulang dalam mengendalikan gulma meniran pada tanaman pakcoy. Penelitian ini mengunakan rancangan acak kelompok 1 faktor, 4 ulangan, dan 6 taraf perlakuan, yaitu tanpa ekstrak belulang, ekstrak belulang 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, dan 100%. Peubah yang diamati berupa tinggi tanaman pakcoy 1-5 MST, jumlah daun pakcoy 1-5 MST, bobot basah pakcoy 1-5 MST, tinggi gulma meniran 1-5 MST, jumlah daun gulma meniran1-5 MST, kerusakan gulma meniran 1-5 MST, bobot basah gulma meniran, bobot kering gulma meniran. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA dan data yang berpengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan ekstrak gulma belulang 100% mampu menurunkan tinggi gulma, jumlah daun, bobot basah dan bobot kering gulma meniran serta memberikan tingkat kerusakan daun gulma meniran paling tinggi.

IDENTIFIKASI GULMA PADA LAHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN HORTIKULTURA DI KECAMATAN TARAKAN TIMUR Aditya Murtilaksono; Amarullah; Rahim, Abdul; Adiwena, Muh; Santoso, Dwi; Nurul; Hasanah, Fatiatul; Mumpuni Anggrayni, Irra
AGRO TATANEN | Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): AGRO TATANEN Edisi Juli 2024 | Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian
Publisher : Program Studi Agroteknologi Faperta UNIBBA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55222/agrotatanen.v6i2.1336

Sistem pertanian budidaya di Tarakan Timur didominasi tanaman hortikultura yang rentan terhadap serangan Organisme Pengganggu Tanaman sehingga berakibat pada penurunan produksi. Salah satu OPT yang berkaitan langsung dengan budidaya hortikultura adalah gulma dengan segala jenis, dampak, dan biologinya. Oleh sebab itu perlu tindakan identifikasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi gulma dengan mengetahui spesies gulma dan spesies gulma yang dominan dimana pelaksanaan penelitian ini pada lahan budidaya tanaman hortikultura di Kecamatan Tarakan Timur. Pengambilan sampel gulma menggunakan metode kuadrat secara acak, sebanyak 50 sampel dengan ukuran petakan 1 m x 1 m. Hasil penelitian menemukan 39 jenis gulma, 24 spesies termasuk gulma golongan berdaun lebar, 12 spesies rumputan dan 3 jenis diantaranya golongan teki. Spesies gulma dominan adalah gulma Cyperus compressus dengan nilai SDR tertinggi sebesar 23,11%.

Efficacy analysis of nano-insecticides from essential oils in controlling Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in stored rice Hoesain, Mohammad; Firnanda, Anita; Haryadi, Nanang Tri; Wahyuningsih, Sri; Alfarisy, Fariz Kustiawan; Adiwena, Muh; Pradana, Ankardiansyah Pandu
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): MARCH, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLANT PE
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.1261-13

This study evaluated nano-insecticides formulated from essential oils of mint (Mentha piperita), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), basil (Ocimum basilicum), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus sp.) for controlling Sitophilus oryzae, a major pest of stored rice. Essential oils were extracted using hydrodistillation, and nanoemulsions were prepared via a low-energy method. Efficacy tests conducted at concentrations of 1–5% showed that mint and lemongrass nano-insecticides were the most effective, achieving 100% mortality at 5% concentration within 168 hours and exhibiting superior repellency (mint oil reached 100% repellency at 5%). At 5% concentration, mint oil caused 25% mortality after 24 hours, increasing to 86% by 96 hours and reaching 100% by 120 hours, while lemongrass oil induced 10% mortality at 24 hours, 76% by 96 hours, and 100% by 144 hours. Their high efficacy is attributed to bioactive compounds such as menthol and citral, which disrupt the pest’s physiological processes. In contrast, eucalyptus and basil oils demonstrated comparatively lower mortality and repellency. These results highlight the potential of mint and lemongrass nano-insecticides as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides and provide a sustainable option for integrated pest management in stored rice.

Environmental and agronomic factors affecting mealybug populations in papaya Fredrick, Albert; Rahim, Abdul; Adiwena, Muh
Wallacea Plant Protection Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Plant Pest and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.64128/wppj.v1i2.47965

Mealybug infestations are a growing concern in tropical horticulture due to their rapid population increase and the significant damage they cause to fruit crops. This research examined the severity of attack and population density of mealybugs (Pseudococcidae) on papaya (Carica papaya L.), and analysed their relationship with environmental conditions and cultivation practices in several locations in Tarakan City, North Borneo. The study was conducted from January to April 2025 at seven papaya cultivation sites, including Juata Laut 1–5, Juata Permai, and Karang Harapan. A field survey combined with purposive sampling was applied to assess a minimum of 100 papaya trees over one year old at each site. Data collected included the number of infested trees, mealybug population per plant, types of fertilizers and pesticides used, plant age, and surrounding land conditions. The percentage of trees infested with mealybugs ranged from 25.07% to 38.89%, while the average mealybug population on infested trees ranged from 199.52 to 224.59 individuals per plant. Sites characterized by intensive application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides—such as Juata Laut 2 and Juata Laut 4—showed higher infestation levels than those managed with organic practices, such as Juata Permai. Environmental factors, particularly high humidity and inadequate drainage, were also associated with increased mealybug population growth. These findings indicate that environmental conditions and cultivation techniques play a substantial role in shaping the population dynamics of mealybugs. The results highlight the importance of implementing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies that emphasise ecological approaches and environmentally sustainable cultivation practices to mitigate mealybug infestations in humid tropical regions such as Tarakan City.

Weeds in oil palm plantations and their antifungal activity against Ganoderma boninense SINONG, GRACE FLAVYELIZ; SAHRIR, MUHD ARIF SHAFFIQ; YUSOFF, NORNASUHA; ADIWENA, MUH; ALI, NUSAIBAH SYD; IBRAHIM, MOHAMAD HILMI; AWANG, AZWAN; RAKIB, MOHD. RASHID MOHD.
Asian Journal of Agriculture Vol. 10 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/asianjagric/g100102

Abstract. Sinong GF, Sahrir MAS, Yusoff N, Adiwena M, Ali NS, Ibrahim MH, Awang A, Rakib MRM. 2026. Weeds in oil palm plantations and their antifungal activity against Ganoderma boninense. Asian J Agric 10: g100102. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjagric/g100102. Basal Stem Rot (BSR) caused by Ganoderma boninense remains the most destructive disease of oil palm, threatening global palm oil production. Current management strategies have proven largely ineffective in providing long-term disease control, highlighting the urgent need for sustainable approaches based on natural bioactive compounds. Plant-derived metabolites represent a promising alternative due to their natural antifungal properties, environmental safety, and potential compatibility with integrated disease management systems. Weeds, in particular, are often resilient to pathogens and may serve as unexplored reservoirs of bioactive compounds with antifungal potential. The present study aimed to identify weed species associated with healthy oil palm trees and evaluate their extracts’ in vitro antifungal properties against G. boninense. Three weed species, namely Hoya carnosa (W16), Ischaemum muticum (W18), and Polygala paniculata (W19), were found exclusively in association with healthy oil palm trees. Their crude extracts were evaluated in vitro against G. boninense using solvents of varying polarity. Among them, P. paniculata exhibited the strongest antifungal activity, with both aerial and below-ground parts showing pronounced inhibition. Below-ground part extracts consistently outperformed aerial parts, particularly when extracted with methanol, which yielded the highest inhibition and lowest EC50 values, suggesting a higher concentration of bioactive metabolites in root tissues. The observed antifungal efficacy correlated with solvent polarity, emphasizing the importance of targeted extraction in isolating effective phytochemicals. These findings indicate that P. paniculata, especially its methanolic root extract, represents a promising source of natural antifungal compounds. The study highlights the potential of weed plants as unconventional reservoirs of bioactive metabolites and provides a foundation for developing eco-friendly, broad-spectrum fungicides to combat G. boninense, thereby advancing sustainable disease management in oil palm plantations.

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