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Nurisyah, Sitti
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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Evaluasi Rasio Netrofil Limfosit (RNL) untuk diagnosis COVID-19 pada Pasien di RS Tadjuddin Chalid, Makassar, Indonesia Yusuf, Yenni; Nurisyah, Sitti; Hasyim, Ammar Abdurrahman; Amru, Khaeriah; Kadir, Atifatul Qalbi; Mutia, Azizah Nurul; Zuhair, Muhammad Naufal; Paramita, Kartika
bionature Vol 22, No 2 (2021): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas MIPA UNM

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35580/bionature.v22i2.27644

Abstract

Abstract. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is one of the variables related to the severity of COVID-19 disease. Therefore, we evaluated the value of NLR in COVID-19 patients and its relation to the symptoms and severity of COVID-19 at Tadjuddin Chalid Hospital, Makassar. We recruited patients visiting Tadjuddin Chalid Hospital Makassar who were willing to take part in the study in April to August 2021. Demographic, clinical and laboratory data were recorded through interviews and medical records. The severity of the disease is classified according to the guidelines from the association of Indonesian pulmonary doctors, Indonesian internal medicine doctors, Indonesian pediatricians, anesthesiologists and intensive care doctors, and the Indonesian cardiologist association. NLR data was obtained by calculating the ratio between neutrophil levels and lymphocyte levels in the blood. A total of 130 patients took part in the study, between 19-72 years old. There were 77 subjects (59.2%) with mild symptoms, 28 (21.6%) with moderate symptoms, and 25 (19.2%) with severe symptoms. There were 89 subjects with NLR <3.5 (68.5%) and 41 (10.8%) with NLR > 3.5. NLR values in patients with severe and moderate disease were significantly different from NLR in patients with mild disease (p =0.0002 dan p<0.0001, respectively). However, no significant difference was found in NLR between patients who neither have cough nor fever with those who had one or both of those symptoms. The presence of clinical or radiological symptoms of pneumonia accompanied by an NLR > 3.5 can be used as an indicator for a suspected moderate or severe COVID-19 diagnosis.Keywords: COVID-19, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), pneumonia, disease severity, diagnostic tool
Evaluation of an E. coli-expressed spike protein-based in-house ELISA system for assessment of antibody responses after COVID-19 infection and vaccination Nurisyah, Sitti; Iyori, Mitsuhiro; Hasyim, Ammar A.; Amru, Khaeriah; Itani, Kei; Nakamura, Kurumi; Zainal, Kartika H.; Halik, Handayani; Djaharuddin, Irawaty; Bukhari, Agussalim; Asih, Puji BS.; Syafruddin, Din; Yoshida, Shigeto; Idris, Irfan; Yusuf, Yenni
Narra J Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): April 2025
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1250

Abstract

Evaluating long-term immunity after COVID-19 infection and vaccination is critical for managing potential outbreaks. The aim of this study was to develop a cost-effective in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on Escherichia coli-expressed SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (E-S1) for antibody detection and to evaluate its performance. The system was validated by comparing the in-house ELISA results with those obtained using a commercial ELISA with HEK293-expressed spike protein (H-S1). Recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was produced in E. coli, purified, and validated for antigenicity via ELISA. Indirect ELISAs with both E-S1 and H-S1 antigens were performed on 386 serum samples from COVID-19 survivors, vaccinated individuals, and pre-pandemic controls collected at different time points. The E-S1 ELISA showed a statistically significant but weak correlation with H-S1 ELISA across all samples (r=0.205; p=0.0001). Stronger correlations were observed among vaccinated individuals with prior infection on day 90 (r=0.6017; p<0.001) and in naïve vaccine recipients on day 30 (r=0.5361; p=0.0003). Pre-pandemic sera from a rural population in Sumba Island exhibited high background reactivity in E-S1 ELISA, likely due to anti-E. coli antibodies, while urban pre-pandemic sera from Jakarta showed a stronger correlation with H-S1 ELISA. This suggests potential regional or immune background differences influencing assay performance. Although E-S1 retained antigenic properties, its diagnostic utility is limited by non-specific reactivity and reduced sensitivity compared to H-S1. In conclusion, E. coli expression systems may not be ideal for producing spike protein-based ELISA antigens specific to SARS-CoV-2. Alternative expression systems, such as human or baculovirus, could enhance diagnostic accuracy and specificity for COVID-19 antibody detection.
Co-Authors Amru, Khaeriah Asih, Puji BS. Bukhari, Agussalim Din Syafruddin Djaharuddin, Irawaty Halik, Handayani Hasyim, Ammar A. Hasyim, Ammar Abdurrahman IRFAN IDRIS Itani, Kei Iyori, Mitsuhiro Kadir, Atifatul Qalbi Mutia, Azizah Nurul Nakamura, Kurumi Veithzal Rivai Zainal Yoshida, Shigeto Yusuf Yenni Zainal, Kartika H. Zuhair, Muhammad Naufal