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INDUKSI POLIPLOIDI MENGGUNAKAN KOLKISIN SECARA IN VIVO PADA BIBIT ANGGREK BULAN (Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) BLUME) Rahayu, Eka Martha Della; Sukma, Dewi; Syukur, M.; Aziz, Sandra A.; Irawati, Irawati
Buletin Kebun Raya Vol 18, No 1 (2015): Buletin Kebun Raya Vol. 18 (1) January 2015
Publisher : Center for Plant Conservation Bogor Botanic Garden, Indonesian Institute of Sciences

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Induksi poliploidi pada bibit Phalaenopsis amabilis telah dilakukan menggunakan kolkisin secara in vivo. Induksi poliploidi dilakukan dengan meneteskan kolkisin pada pucuk bibit P. amabilis.Â Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan konsentrasi kolkisin yang efektif untuk induksi poliploidi bibit P. amabilis danÂ menghasilkan bibit P. amabilis poliploid. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak dengan satu faktor, yaitu konsentrasi kolkisin. Pucuk bibit P. amabilis ditetesi 0,01 ml kolkisin (0, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, dan 5000 mg L-1). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan konsentrasi kolkisin dari 1000 sampai 5000 mg L-1 tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap persentase hidup dan pertumbuhan bibit pada 24 minggu setelah perlakuan (24 MSP). Bibit P. amabilis poliploid dapat dihasilkan pada penetesan kolkisin 1000, 3000, 4000, dan 5000 mg L-1 dengan konsentrasi kolkisin paling efektif adalah 5000 mg L-1. Bibit poliploid memiliki ukuran stomata lebih besar dari bibit diploid sebaliknya kerapatan stomatanya lebih rendah.

Different Growth Partitioning and Shoot Production of Talinum triangulare Treated with Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Aziz, Sandra A.; Mualim, Leo; Farchany, Sitta Azmi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 1 No 1 (2014): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Talinum triangulare or waterleaf is an underutilized tropical plant, mostly found as weeds, and has been used more as medicinal plant than as vegetable in Indonesia. The study of Talinum triangulare cultivation has been explored to increase the shoot production as functional vegetables. The effects of organic fertilizer applications at 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 of the standard rate on waterleaf growth were tested in a Leuwikopo research station, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Standard rate of organic fertilizer consisted of 12.3 t..ha-1 of cow manure, 226.8 kg. .ha-1 of guano, and 5.5 t.ha-1 of rice hull ash that is equal to 100 kg urea, 60 kg SP-36 and 100 kg KCl.ha-1. Net assimilation rate (NAR) of the organic fertilizer-treated plants was lower than the inorganic fertilizer-treated with plant at two to four weeks after planting (WAP). However, the plants treated with 0.75-1.25 organic fertilizer had a higher NAR than those treated with inorganic fertilizer at four to six WAP. Plants treated with 0.75 rate of organic fertilizer had similar relative growth rate (RGR) to plants treated with the inorganic fertilizer at two to four WAP, whereas plants treated with 1.00, 1.25 and 1.50 standard rate had higher RGR than plants treated with inorganic fertilizer at 4-6 WAP. Plants treated with 1.50 organic fertilizer rate had 34.55% more marketable shoots compared to those treated with inorganic fertilizer whereas those treated with 0.50 rate of organic fertilizer had 179.54% at 6 WAP. The percentage of marketable shoots to total fresh weight of the organic fertilizer-treated plants was lower than the inorganic fertilizer-treated plants.Keywords: Talinum triangulare, leafy vegetables, organic

Are Tacca leontopetaloides (Linn.) O. Kuntze Mini-tuber Growth Affected by Media Composition and Tuber Size? Aziz, Sandra A.; Susanto, Rendi
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 1 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Tacca (Tacca leontopetaloides (Linn.) O. Kuntze) is a tropical plant that is widely used for its starch in some countries as well as a medicinal plant. Tacca has advantages as it can grow on sand in tropical seashore areas and rain forests. Farmers in Madura Island Indonesia cultivated tacca by using mother tubers as propagules and harvest the daughter tubers, but no studies have been conducted on the growth of mini tubers and their cultivation. The purpose of this study was to find the best combination of planting media and the size of mini tuber for growing tacca. The experiment was set in a completely randomized block design with two factors and three replications. The planting media are sand : rice-hull charcoal : cow manure (1:1:1 v/v), soil : sand : cow manure (1:1:1 v/v), soil : rice-hull charcoal : cow manure (1:1:1 v/v), and soil : cow manure (1:1 v/v);mini-tuber weight are1-5 and 5.1-20 g. The result showed that Polynesian arrowroot grow best on sand : rice-hull charcoal : cow manure (1:1:1 v/v) and rice-hull charcoal : cow manure (1:1 v/v) media. Both propagules sizes can be used, but plants from large mini-tuber had better growth and produced larger mother and daughter tubers. Key words: mini tuber, parent tuber, Polynesian arrowroot, organic media planting, secondary tuber

Guano and Rice-Hull Ash Application for Flowering Induction on Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) Eliazar, Tabitha Trianda; Aziz, Sandra A.
Journal of Tropical Crop Science Vol 2 No 3 (2015): Journal of Tropical Crop Science
Publisher : Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, IPB University

Orange jessamine (Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack) has high economical values due to its medicinal properties. Orange jessamine leaves contain flavonoid, mexotionin and coumarin. Orange jessamine flowers contain scopoletin that can lower blood pressure and can be used as an anti-inflammatory agent and as anti-allergic. Orange jessamine is often used as an ornamental plant because it has beautiful flowers similar to jasmine, has nice scent, and red color fruits. The aim of this research is to study the effects of guano and rice-hull ash application on flowering induction of orange jessamine. The research was conducted at an organic experimental farm, Bogor Agricultural University, Darmaga (6°30' – 6°45' S, 106°30'-106°45' E) from December 2014 to June 2015 using randomized complete block design. The experiment used four treatments, i.e. guano at 0.4 kg per plant, combination of guano (0.4 kg per plant) and rice-hull ash (3.0 kg per plant), rice-hull ash 3.0 kg per plant and without fertilisation as control. The results showed that the application of rice-hull ash increased plant height and leaf number. Guano application significantly increased the intensity of leaf color in mature orange jessamine leaves. Rice-hull ash application increased flower number at 12 and 20 weeks after application.Keywords: chlorophyll, flower number, flower weight, NPK value, organic farming

Produksi Bibit Tempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) dengan Komposisi dan Volume Media Tumbuh yang Berbeda Ahmad Nur Hidayat Gena Ari; Maya Melati; Sandra A. Aziz
Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia Vol. 7 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Hortikultura Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesian Society for Horticulture / Department of Agronomy and Horticulture

ABSTRACTPerennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) is one of medicinal plants which has potential in healing kidney disease. However, quality and sufficient supply of perennial sow thistle seedling with good quality is inadequate. This research was aimed at producing perennial sow thistle seedling generatively and to determine the suitable type of growth media and media volume for its production. The experiment was conducted in experimental field at Cikarawang, IPB from October 2015 to January 2016. The experiment was laid out in completely factorial randomized design (3x3) with three replications. The two of treatment factors were volume of growth media (9, 12, and 29 mL) and composition of growth media (100% goat manure, 50% goat manure + 50% rice hull charcoal, and 33% goat manure + 33% rice hull charcoal + 33% coco peat) (v:v). The results showed that larger media volume produced better perennial sow thistle seedling. There was significant effect of interaction between media volume and composition of growth media to some variables: leaf number, leaf length, leaf width, plant weight, shoot weight, root length, and total flavonoid concentration. The result showed that 50% goat manure + 50% rice hull charcoal and combination of media volume 12 mL was strongly recommended for production of perennial sow thistle seedling.Keywords: coco peat, flavanoid, manure, rice hull, seedlingABSTRAKTempuyung (Sonchus arvensis L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman obat yang berpotensi untuk mengatasi masalah penyakit batu ginjal. Besarnya potensi yang dimiliki oleh tempuyung belum diimbangi dengan penyediaan bibit yang baik dan jumlah yang besar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memproduksi bibit tempuyung melalui pembibitan secara generatif, serta menentukan jenis media tanam dan volume media yang tepat. Percobaan dilakukan di kebun percobaan Cikarawang IPB, pada bulan Oktober 2015 sampai Januari 2016. Percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 2 faktor, faktor pertama adalah jenis komposisi media tanam yaitu menggunakan 100% pupuk kandang kambing, 50% pupuk kandang kambing+ 50% arang sekam, dan 33% pupuk kandang kambing + 33% arang sekam + 33% cocopeat (v:v), faktor ke dua adalah volume media dengan ukuran 7.9, 12, dan 29 mL tiap lubang pada tray, setiap perlakuan memiliki 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan volume media yang lebih besar (29 mL) menghasilkan pertumbuhan dan hasil bibit tempuyung yang lebih baik. Terdapat pengaruh interaksi antara perlakuan jenis komposisi media dan volume media terhadap peubah jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, bobot total dan bobot tajuk tanaman, panjang akar serta kadar total flavonoid. Perlakuan media terbaik untuk produksi bibit tempuyung komposisi media 50% pupuk kandang kambing + 50% arang sekam (v:v) dengan volume media 12 mL.Kata kunci : arang sekam, cocopeat, flavonoid, pembibitan, pupuk kandang kambing

Respon Tanaman Pegagan (Centella asiatica L. Urban) Terhadap Pemberian Pupuk Alami di Bawah Naungan Musyarofah, Neni; Susanto, Slamet; Aziz, Sandra A.; Kartosoewarno, Suyanto
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 35 No. 3 (2007): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The objectives of this experiment was to study the growth, yield and qualitative bioactive compounds of Indian pennyworth (Centella asiatica L. Urban) under different shading levels and biofertilizers. Field experiment was conducted from February until May 2006 at Kuntum Nurseries Bogor. Split plot design was used in this experiment. The main plot was shading level: 55, 65 and 75%. The sub plot was biofertilizer types: Fertifort Super, Fertifort Fine and NPK Novelgro fertilizer. The result of this experiment showed that plants under the 65% shading level significantly showed better growth, biomass weight and qualitative bioactive compounds (tanin, flavonoid, steroid and triterpenoid) than those of 75% shading level. The 75% shading level was unsuitable because all plants were dead at 10 weeks after fertilizer application; the 55% shading level gave the best growth responses but 55 and 65% shading level gave no significant differences in biomass weight. Biofertilizer gave no significant differences in leaf and stolon numbers, biomass weight and physiological characteristics except NPK content in plant tissue. Significant difference occured only in N plant tissue content because of interaction with shading level. The different effect in qualitative bioactive compound showed that saponin was found in 55% shading level but not in 65% shading level. Key words: Shading, biofertilizer, qualitative bioactive compound, Centella asiatica.

Peningkatan Laju Pertumbuhan dan Kandungan Flavonoid Klon Daun Dewa (Gynura pseudochina (L.) DC) Melalui Periode Pencahayaan Ghulamahdi, Munif i; Aziz, Sandra A.; Nirwan, ,
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 36 No. 1 (2008): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

Lights are influential to increase plant flavonoids content. The bioactives is needed as medication for human cancer. The research objectives were to investigate the effect of lighting periods on the growth and flavonoid content of Gynura pseudochina clones. A split plot design was used with lighting periods as the main plots (100% light (full light) for 4 months; 25% shading for 1 month, full light 3 months; 25% shading for 2 months, full light for 2 months; 25% shading for 3 months, full light for 1 months; 25% shading for 4 months; 50% shading for 1 month, full light for 3 months; 50% shading for 2 months, full light for 2 months; 50% shading for 3 months, full light for 1 montht; 50% shading for 4 months) and sub plots were two clones (clone 9 from in vitro culture and clone 7 from shoot cuttings). The results showed that maximum LAI (Leaf Area Index) (2.72), RGR (Relative Growth Rate) (0.062 g/g/day), LAR (Leaf Area Ratio) (168.55 cm2/g) and NAR (Net Assimilation Rate) (0.00093 g/cm2/day) were obtained from plants grown under 50% shading for 4 months, full light for 4 months, 50% shading for 2 months and full light for 2 months, respectively. The maximum plant biomass (90.92g) was produced by plants grown under 50% shading for 1 month and full light for 3 months, while maximum total flavonoids content (11.92%) was obtained from plants under 50% shading for 3 months and full light for 1 month, whereas maximum anthocyanine content from those grown under 50% shading for 1 month and full light for 3 months. Clone 9 produced LAI, LAR, and anthocyanine content higher than clone 7, but RGR, NAR, total biomass, and total flavonoid content was lower than clone 7. Key words: Lighting periods, growth, flavonoids, Gynura pseudochina , clones

Pengaruh BAP dan Sukrosa terhadap Perbanyakan Jahe Empirit (Zingiber officinale Rosc var. amarun) secara In Vitro Rahmawati, Marai; Aziz, Sandra A.; Dinarti, Diny; Sastra, Dodo R.
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 32 No. 3 (2004): Buletin Agronomi
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

The need to produce numerous and good quality plantlet in short time has been carried out with in vitro culture. The objective of this research was to study BAP and sucrose effect on the in vitro multiplication of small ginger. Research was done in Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Agronomy. Bogor Agricultural University from November 2002 until August 2003. The treatment used BAP 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ppm and sucrose 20, 30, 40, 50 g/l. The result showed that sucrose significantly influenced shoot number in 2-5 and 8 Week After Planting (WAP) and leaf number in 2-7 WAP; root length, root number and explant fresh weight. BAP only significantly influenced leaf number in 7 WAP and root quality. With time shoot color changed from green to yellow. Higher RAP and sucrose concentration increased micro rhizome percentage. Sucrose 40 g/l or RAP 2 ppm gave numerous shoot and high explant fresh weight. Key words : Zingiber officinale Rosc var. amarun, In vitro, BAP, Sucrose

Produktivitas Tiga Genotipe Kedelai dengan Air Berbeda dan Kedalaman Muka Air pada Berbagai Kondisi Tanah di Pasang Surut Pujiwati, Hesti; Aziz, Sandra A.; Ghulamahdi, Munif; Yahya, Sudirman; Haridjaja, dan Oteng
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 44 No. 3 (2016): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

ABSTRACTSoybean extensification on mineral and peaty mineral soils of tidal land are limited by Al and Fe toxicity. Modification of growing environment and the use of tolerant variety are the possible alternatives to overcome the limitation. The research was aimed to study soybean productivity in various soil types with different depth of water level and different water compositions. The experiment was held under mineral, peaty mineral soils with interaction types B and C of tidal swamp in Banyuasin, South Sumatera from May to August 2014. At each location, there was a three factor experiment was arranged in a split-split plot design. The first factor was two water depth (10 and 20 cm), the second factor was three varieties (Tanggamus, Cikuray, Ceneng) and third factor was three different water compositions (river water, peat water, high-tide water). The results showed productivity on mineral soil types C, peaty mineral soil types B, and mineral soil types B were 4:50, 3.65, 0:32 ton ha-1 respectively. In peaty mineral soil types B, Ceneng with a depth of 20 cm water level resulted in highest productivity. In the mineral soil overflow type B, Cikuray with peat water composition had highest productivity.Keywords: mineral, peaty mineral, sensitive, tolerant

Karakterisasi Morfoekotipe dan Proksimat Pala Banda (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) Marzuki, Ilyas; Uluputty, M. R.; Aziz, Sandra A.; Surahman, Memen
Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) Vol. 36 No. 2 (2008): Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia
Publisher : Indonesia Society of Agronomy (PERAGI) and Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia

A field research was conducted to study morpho-ecotype and proximate aspects of Banda nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) in three ecotypes: Banda Islands, Ambon Island, and Ceram Island in Maluku. The objectives of the study were to characterize morpho-ecotype of the Banda nutmeg, to investigate the trees productivity across three ecotypes, and to identify the proximate characteristics of the fruit. Ten productive nutmeg sample trees aged ranging 25 to 50 years were chosen for observations. In morphological observation, 21 items were described based on IBPGR procedure, and then subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis. The proximates of nutmeg flesh including edible portion (EP), water content, protein content, fat content, and pectin content were analyzed by AOAC procedure. Morphological and proximate data were analyzed using SAS. Results show that Moluccas ecotypes characterized by hill and mountain has tectonic mountain physiography and karst soils with a slope of 16 to 40%. Ambon and Banda ecotypes are mainly composed of volcanic soils, whilst Luhu has sediment. The climate of Moluccas ecotype is dominated by IIIC type, except Banda Island which has IIB. The morphological traits of the nutmeg are stabile across three ecotypes (similarity index, SI 90%). Productions of fruit, nutmeg, and mace show no difference between the three sites. They are 137.73, 19.27, and 3.07 kg per tree, respectively. All proximate parameters analyzed are not statistically different, except EP. EP of Ambon ecotype is statistically different from that of Ceram but it is similar to Banda ecotype.

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