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All Journal International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering IAES International Journal of Artificial Intelligence (IJ-AI) Seminar Nasional Aplikasi Teknologi Informasi (SNATI) TELKOMNIKA (Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control) Jurnal Teknologi Informasi dan Ilmu Komputer Jurnal RESTI (Rekayasa Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi) Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia JURIKOM (Jurnal Riset Komputer) Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri Gema Wiralodra Journal of Applied Engineering and Technological Science (JAETS) Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Jurnal Darma Agung Cakrawala Repositori Imwi Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF) Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro dan Teknologi Informasi Jurnal Locus Penelitian dan Pengabdian Makara Journal of Technology Malcom: Indonesian Journal of Machine Learning and Computer Science Jurnal Sistem Informasi Journal of Embedded Systems, Security and Intelligent Systems SmartComp Jurnal Informatika: Jurnal Pengembangan IT International Journal of Electrical, Computer, and Biomedical Engineering (IJECBE) Journal of Vocational, Informatics and Computer Education
Kalamullah Ramli
Department Of Electrical Engineering, Faculty Of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia
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A CNN–LSTM–DQN Policy with Prioritized Experience Replay for Cost-Aware Intrusion Detection on CSE-CIC-IDS2018 Rushendra; Kalamullah Ramli; Prima Dewi Purnamasari
Journal of Embedded Systems, Security and Intelligent Systems Vol 7 No 2 (2026): June 2026
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Komputer

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59562/jessi.v7i2.2629

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to examine intrusion detection as a policy learning problem and determine how replay strategy alone controls the operational trade-off between attack recall and alert volume under extreme class imbalance. Design/methods/approach – A controlled ablation study was conducted using a fixed CNN–LSTM feature extractor, fixed feature set, and fixed reward structure combined with a Deep Q-Network (DQN) agent. Three configurations were compared: naïve DQN without replay, uniform experience replay with a target network, and Prioritized Experience Replay (PER). Experiments used the CSE-CIC-IDS2018 dataset, consisting of 10,788,508 training flows and 2,697,128 testing flows, with attack events occurring at fewer than 70 per million flows. Performance was assessed through recall and alerts per million flows (ARMF). Findings - Supervised CNN–LSTM baselines achieved recall above 95% but generated 31,000–45,000 ARMF. Naïve DQN reduced ARMF to 383 but sharply decreased recall to 42.47%. Uniform replay improved recall to 84.95% but increased ARMF to 12,728. PER achieved the most balanced operating point, reaching 91.40% recall at 1,031 ARMF, approximately 30 times fewer alerts than the supervised CNN–LSTM reference, with a 5.91-percentage-point recall cost. Research implications/limitations – The findings indicate that replay distribution is a critical operational design variable for controlling alert volume in highly imbalanced intrusion detection settings. However, the study is limited to a fixed backbone, feature set, reward shape, and dataset. Originality/value – This study demonstrates that replay strategy can substantially reshape IDS operating points independently of model architecture or feature representation.
Co-Authors A Halim Abd Halim Shamsuddin Abd Halim Shamsuddin, Abd Halim Abdul Halim Abdurrahman Alayderous Amarullah, Abdul Hanief Arga Dhahana Pramudianto Arini Muhafidzah Aspar, Wimpie A.N Asril Jarin Asril Jarin Axel Hunger Axel Hunger, Axel Bagio Budiardjo Bagio Budihardjo Besral . Budi Utomo Endro Joko Wibowo Erlangga Putro Subagyo Faishal Azhiman Suryadi Farouq Aferudin Frank Schwarz Frank Schwarz, Frank Hariyanto, Fajar Harjono, Mulyadi Sinung Hartina Hiromi Satyanegara Haryanto, Tony Hidayatul Muttaqin Inayah, Kuni Iswanjono Iswanjono Kalvein Rantelobo Kemal N. Siregar Madiyaningsih, Inna Mangampu Silaban Muhammad Salman Muhammad Salmon Hardani Mulyadi Sinung Harjono Okky Assetya Pratiwi Parmadi, Budi Dhaju Permadi, Rachmat Bayu Prayogo, Dimas Prima Dewi Purnamasari R. Deiny Mardian Rahutomo Mahardiko Regina, Oliva Ricko Dwi Pambudi Ruddy J Suhatril Rushendra Samsudiat Shamsuddin, A Halim Stefan Werner Stefan Werner, Stefan Sudarsana, Iman Pribadi Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Suryadi Taufik Hidayat Tjahjadi, Hendrana Togu Sianturi Tony Haryanto Tony Haryanto Tony Haryanto Tri Daryanto Wahyu Juniardi Weni Sari, Sefiulki Wimpie A.N Aspar Wirawan Wirawan Yuri Prihantono Yusry, Ismail Zakariya, R. Ahmad Imanullah