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The Relatedness between Hepatitis B Virus from Non-Papuan Blood Donors in Jayapura and the Papuan Clusters VICTOR EKA NUGRAHAPUTRA; MOCHAMAD AMIN; NI MADE MERTANIASIH; MARIA INGE LUSIDA
Microbiology Indonesia Vol. 3 No. 2 (2009): August 2009
Publisher : Indonesian Society for microbiology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (135.069 KB) | DOI: 10.5454/mi.3.2.7

Abstract

The genotypes (A-H) and subtypes (adw2, adw4, adrq-, adrq+, ayw1-4, ayr) of HBV show distinct geographical distributions, which have been associated with anthropological history. The novel finding of the HBV subgenotypes C6 and D6 from Papuans formed a specific cluster distinct from the previous HBV subgenotypes C1-C5 and D1-D5. In this study we determined the most recent genotype-subtype patterns of the HBV from non-Papuan blood donors who live in Jayapura and their phylogenetic relatedness, especially with the Papuan clusters. Fifteen HBsAg-positive serums were obtained from non-Papuan blood donors including from people in Java (46.7%), Maluku (26.7%), Sulawesi (20%) and East Nusa Tenggara (6.7%). S gene of all HBV serum isolates were partially sequenced and analyzed. Most HBV isolates (53.3%) were classified as genotype B, followed by genotype C(26.7%) and D (20.0%). The subtype adw2 (33.3%) was predominant, followed by adrq+ (26.7%) and ayw1/ayw2 (20.0%). All HBV isolates with subtype adw2 and ayw1 belonged to genotype B, while adrq+ belonged to genotype C and ayw2 belonged to genotype D. The most predominant HBV genotype-subtype (B/adw2) was consistent with the ethnic background (mostly from Java people). Nevertheless, based on the phylogenetic relatedness, many non Papuan isolates (40%) were classified into HBV/C6 and HBV/D6 of the Papuan clusters. Other isolates were classified into HBV/C1, HBV/B3 and HBV/B7. In conclusion, many HBV isolates from non-Papuans in Jayapura belonged to the Papuan clusters, but others had different genotype-subtype patterns with frequencies dependent on ethnicity.
Human Norovirus Molecular Analysis and Development of Norovirus Vaccine Adinda Juwita Syakila Elizafanti; Maria Inge Lusida; Muhammad Miftahussurur; Alpha Fardah Athiyyah
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i1.32699

Abstract

The most common organism of acute viral gastroenteritis is norovirus, which accounts for roughly 20% of all occurrences of acute gastroenteritis globally. The virus kills over 200,000 children each year and is the leading cause of childhood diarrhea in the rotavirus-vaccinated population. This study aims to review available studies regarding the information on the genogroup norovirus in humans, development of norovirus vaccines, and effectiveness of norovirus vaccines. A systematic review using Science Direct, PubMed, and Scopus databases to identify eligible case studies. The search was conducted in September-October 2021. The quality of the included literature used checklists from the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP). All of the six selected studies with populations given RT-PCR intervention showed positive for norovirus infection. The most predominant genogroups in humans are GI and GII. As for the research results of the two selected studies on norovirus vaccine, namely the human phase 2 trial containing two Virus-Like Particles (VLP) genotypes, one study showed efficacy at 18-49 one study at ≥ 60 years of age. This study analysis uses Takeda bivalent vaccine. The vaccine includes norovirus antigens of the GI and GII genogroups, intending to expand its protective immune potential. GI, GII, and GIV genogroups are prevalent in humans. VLP that contains GI.I and consensus GII.4c have been created as the NoV vaccine, providing signifi cant efficacy. Very likely because they contain GI dan GII antigens, which are the genogroups that infect humans the most. Patients given a placebo developed acute gastroenteritis due to norovirus GII.2, indicating a genotype cross-reactivity.
Distribusi Dan Pola Kepekaan enterobacteriaceae Dari Spesimen Urin Di RSUD DR. Soetomo Surabaya Periode Januari – Juni 2015 Silvia Sutandhio; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Maria Inge Lusida
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v3i1.775

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) didominasi oleh Enterobacteriaceae. Idealnya, setiap rumah sakit memiliki peta kuman dan pola kepekaan sendiri untuk digunakan sebagai panduan terapi empirik dan monitor penyebaran bakteri multiresisten. Hasil kultur urin, yang merupakan pemeriksaan penunjang untuk diagnosis dan pemilihan terapi antimikroba definitif, dapat dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan tersebut. Metode: Spesimen urin dikultur pada media isolasi primer, lalu diidentifikasi secara manual dan sistem semi-otomatis, yaitu BD Phoenix dan Vitek 2, yang telah dikonfirmasi dengan Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2015. Hasil: Sebanyak 57.2% dari 1983 isolat hasil kultur teridentifikasi sebagai Enterobacteriaceae, dengan spesifikasi: 59.6%, 18.1%, 0.1%, 10.0%, dan 3.8%, berturut-turut untuk Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter spp., dan Proteus spp. Lebih dari 50% isolat Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, dan Klebsiella oxytoca merupakan penghasil Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). Kesimpulan: Enterobacteriaceae yang diisolasi umumnya resisten terhadap Ampisilin dan Sefalosporin generasi I, tetapi masih sensitif terhadap antimikroba golongan Karbapenem dan Aminoglikosida. Antimikroba golongan Karbapenem, yang merupakan pilihan terakhir pada kasus infeksi oleh Enterobacteriaceae multiresisten, hanya boleh diresepkan bila sesuai dengan indikasi, untuk mencegah timbulnya organisme resisten Karbapenem.