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All Journal Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Folia Medica Indonesiana JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Digestive Endoscopy Jurnal Widya Medika

Alimsardjono, Lindawati

Departemen Mikrobiologi Kedokteran, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Airlangga

Author-ID : 1143481

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemistry Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health Other

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Pola resistensi bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Acinetobacter baumannii pada spesimen darah terhadap antibiotik golongan β-laktam dan aminoglikosida di Rumah Sakit DR. Soetomo periode Januari 2016 – Desember 2016 Pascalis Fabian; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Danti Nur Indiastuti
Jurnal Kedokteran Syiah Kuala Vol 20, No 1 (2020): Volume 20 Nomor 1 April 2020
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/jks.v20i1.18296

Abstrak. Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Acinetobacter baumannii merupakan salah satu penyebab dari infeksi bakteri di rumah sakit. Di seluruh dunia terdapat berbagai kasus yang mana bakteri tersebut memiliki resistensi terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian deskriptif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola resistensi dari Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Acinetobacter baumannii terhadap antibiotik, khususnya dari golongan β-laktam dan golongan aminoglikosida. Data penelitian ini didapat dari buku log isolat bakteri di Instalasi Mikrobiologi Klinik RSUD Dr. Soetomo pada periode Januari 2016-Desember 2016. Didapatkan hasil dari 63 sampel Pseudomonas aeruginosa yaitu kelompok umur yang paling rentan terhadap infeksi adalah kelompok umur 0-5 tahun (38%) diikuti kelompok umur 45 tahun (23,8%). Serupa, hasil dari 164 sampel Acinetobacter baumannii yaitu kelompok umur yang paling rentan terhadap infeksi adalah kelompok umur 0-5 tahun (32,9%) diikuti kelompok umur 45 tahun (29,9%). Dibagi menurut jenis kelamin, sampel Pseudomonas aeruginosa adalah 55,5% laki-laki dan 45,5% wanita. Untuk sampel Acinetobacter baumannii, 51,2% laki-laki dan 48,8% wanita. Pola resistensi dari Pseudomonas aeruginosa menunjukkan bahwa bakteri secara berurutan telah resisten terhadap ceftazidime (27,4%), gentamicin (24,1%), imipenem (14%), meropenem (11,7%), dan amikacin (4,9%). Sedangkan bakteri Acinetobacter baumannii sudah mengalami resistensi terhadap antibiotik ceftazidime (78,8%), gentamicin (70,1%), amikacin (51,2%), imipenem (49,3%), dan meropenem (48,1%).Kata kunci: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, resistensi, antibiotikAbstract. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are one of the causes of bacterial infection in the hospital. All throughout the world there had been cases of which those bacterias have developed resistance to antibiotics. This descriptive study was aimed towards finding the resistance pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to antibiotics treatment, specifically from the β-lactam group and aminoglycoside group. Data was cited from the isolate logbook of the Department of Clinical Microbiology of Dr. Soetomo General and Teaching Hospital within January 2016 – December 2016. The results from 63 samples for Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that the most susceptible age groups were within 0-5 years of age (38%) followed by age 45 years (23,8%). Whereas the results from 164 samples for Acinetobacter baumannii the most susceptible age groups were also within 5 years of age (32,9%) followed by age 45 years (29,9%). According to gender, the Pseudomonas aeruginosa samples were 55,5% male and 45,5% female. For Acinetobacter baumannii the samples were 51,2% male and 48,8% female. Resistance patterns showed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was resistant to ceftazidime (27,4%), gentamicin (24,1%), imipenem (14%), meropenem (11,7%), and amikacin (4,9%). Acinetobacter baumannii was resistant to ceftazidime (78,8%), gentamicin (70,1%), amikacin (51,2%), imipenem (49,3%), and meropenem (48,1%),. In conclusion, both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii had shown resistance towards antibiotics, in particular towards ceftazidime, imipenem, meropenem, gentamicin, and amikacin.Keywords: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Resistance, Antibiotics

Inhibitory Activity of Levofloxacin against MDR Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolates Lisa Nathalie; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Isnaeni Isnaeni
JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol. 6 No. 1 (2019): JURNAL FARMASI DAN ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most dangerous and important species among their genus. These bacteria are often resistant to many classes of antimicrobial agents; which make difficulties in selecting appropriate drug to treat infections. Multidrug-resistance occurs readily in hospitals for which antimicrobials agents were used widely. Objective: The aims of this study was to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bacterial concentration (MBC) of levofloxacin against 22 multidrug resistant- clinical (MDR) strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients pus and urine in hospital. Methods: Determination of the MIC was performed by macro-dilution broth assay as recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI), while the MBC was determined one-step further after the MIC determination. Results: It was found that MIC of the levofloxacin were (0.3 ± 0.0) - >0.5 µg/mL and (0.2 ± 0.1) - (1.0 ±0.0)µg/mL against S. aureus from pus and urine, respectively. In addition, higher MICs were yielded against P. aeruginosa, (1.0 ± 0.0) - >8.0 µg/mL and (0.7 ± 0.3) - (3.0 ± 1.2) µg/mL for pus and urine isolates respectively. Similar to MICs, the MBCs against P. aeruginosa were higher than S. aureus, (0.6 ± 0.0) - > 4.0 µg/mL and (0.3 ± 0.0) - >8.0 µg/mL isolated from pus and urine respectively, (2.0 ± 0.6) - > 8.0 µg/mL and (3.0 ± 1.2) - >7.0 µg/mL against P. aeruginosa from pus and urine respectively. Conclusion: The levofloxacin was still susceptible as bacteriostatic against isolates from both body fluids, but not bactericidal towards all isolates.

Therapeutic Potency of Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) Peel Extract For Shigella dysenteriae Infected Mice’s Colon Mucosal Destruction Achmad Ilham Rizwani; Arifa Mustika; Lindawati Alimsardjono
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Introduction : Antibiotics treatment for bacillary dysentery due to Shigella dysenteriae infection have shown resistancy. Mangosteen (Garcinia maangostana) peel have a therapy potency for Shigella dysenteriae infection due to its antibacterial and antiinflamation activity.Methods : This research was an experimental research, 30 mice was used which divided to 5 groups. The mice was infected with Shigella dysenteriae intraperitoneally, then azithromycin, aquadest, and 3 different doses of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel was given for each group for 5 days, which then the mice’s colon was collected and made into histopathology slide and its mucosal destruction was observed in 3 fields of view in each slide, 1 – 4 score was given acording to its mucosal destruction. Kruskal-Wallis test is used to analyze the data and then Mann Whitney test also used for further analysis.Result : there was a healing effect obeserved when mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel extract was given to the mice’s colon mucosal, 100 mg/Kg body mass dose of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel extract already given a positive effect on mice’s mucosal colon histopathological appearance, no difference observed between 3 dose given.Conclusion : Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) peel extract consumption gave healing appearance to destruction of colon mucosal wall of mice with Shigella dysenteriae infection at 100 mg/Kg body mass.

Resistance Patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Bacteria Against Amikacin, Ceftazidime, Meropenem, Nitrofurantoin Antibiotics in Elderly Patients with UTI in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Herdiyanti Herdiyanti; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Danti Nur Indiastuti
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 10 No. 1 (2019): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that involves the urinary tract, including the urethra, bladder, ureter, and kidneys. UTI is caused by microorganisms that breed in the urinary tract which are supposed to be free of microorganisms. Two bacterias that cause UTI in general are Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. UTI can occur at any age but generally occurs in the elderly. UTI caused by gram-negative bacteria can be killed with several examples of antibiotics namely amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem and nitrofurantoin. These antibiotics found resistance to the bacteria that cause the UTI. This research is to determine the resistance patterns of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria against amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem, nitrofurantoin antibiotics in elderly patients with UTI in Dr. Soetomo Surabaya January-June 2017 period.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study in accordance with the logbook data of Clinical Microbiology Installation at Dr. RSUD. Soetomo Surabaya. Data from this study were taken from all populations that met the inclusion criteria. The results are presented by tables. Results: There are 163 elderly patient data which diagnosed with urinary tract infection. Escherichia coli resistance pattern against ceftazidime (75.6%), nitrofurantoin (12.6%) and meropenem (2.4%). Meanwhile, Klebsiella pneumoniae against ceftazidime (72.2%), nitrofurantoin (55.6%), meropenem (11.1%) and amikacin (2.8%). Conclusion: There were resistance number of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria against antibiotics amikacin, ceftazidime, meropenem, nitrofurantoin in elderly patients with UTI.

In vitro Antimicrobial Potency of Lemon Fruit (Citrus limon) Extract on Salmonella typhi Farhan Haidar Fazlur Rahman; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Sunarni Zakaria
JUXTA: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga Vol. 11 No. 2 (2020): Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/juxta.V11I22020.69-73

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract in inhibiting Salmonella typhi growth in vitro.Methods: This research was categorized as a laboratory experimental study. Lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract was prepared with concentration as follows: 100.000 ppm, 50.000 ppm, 25.000 ppm, 12.500 ppm, 6.250 ppm, 3.125 ppm, 1.562 ppm, 781 ppm, and 390 ppm. Dilution tests with Mueller-Hinton broth medium were performed to determine the MIC. After 24 hours of incubation, isolated Salmonella typhi inside the tube was inoculated back in MacConkey agar plate medium to determine the MBC. Replications were conducted 3 times according to Federer’s formula.Results: MIC of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract to Salmonella typhi was determined at 3.125 ppm. Meanwhile, MBC was determined at 6.250 ppm.Conclusion: This study showed the potential antimicrobial effect of lemon fruit (Citrus limon) extract against Salmonella typhi in-vitro. Further studies are still needed to determine its efficacy and safety in vivo and also its full antibacterial spectrum.

CagA and VacA Gene Expression in Helicobacter pylori Infected Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Burhana Mawarasti; Herry Purbayu; Lindawati Alimsardjono
The Indonesian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Digestive Endoscopy Vol 17, No 3 (2016): VOLUME 17, NUMBER 3, December 2016
Publisher : The Indonesian Society for Digestive Endoscopy

Marshall and Warren had discovered helicobacter pylori in 1982 and known as the main pathogen caused infection on human’s stomach. Helicobacter pylori is a bacillus spiral and gram negative bacteria which is motile as it has almost six flagella on one side of its body (unipolar). There are strain type I, intermediate and type II. Strain type I has cytotoxin associated gene A (cagA) and vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (vacA) while strain type II has vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (vacA). Because of cag pathogenicity island (PAI), strain type I has the tendency to cause the infection become more malignant. This study was conducted by using descriptive purposeful sampling method on patients in endoscopy department of internal medicine in the division of hepatology gastroentero Dr. Soetomo starting from October 20 until November 25, 2015. The aim of this study is to determine whether the stool sample shows cagA gene and or vacA gene. The data was proceed by observation through the results of PCR assays to look at the genes that are expressed by Helicobacter pylori. DNA was extracted from stool by using QIAamp (Qiagen) stool kit. Results of the study show only one patient positive for vacA gene while cagA gene is none from ten patients. DNA examinations with different concentrations and temperatures also show the same results. One sample from the stool specimen shows positive for strain type II, indicates it only has vacA gene. PCR examination through gastric biopsy is known has higher specificity.

Clinical and Cure Profile of Tinea Capitis Patients Noviannisa, Farah Ayu; Astari, Linda; Alimsardjono, Lindawati
Berkala Ilmu Kesehatan Kulit dan Kelamin Vol. 34 No. 2 (2022): AUGUST
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/bikk.V34.2.2022.86-91

Background: Tinea capitis (TC) is a superficial mycoses infection of hair follicles and hair shaft caused by dermatophytes of the genus Trichophyton and Microsporum. Tinea capitis can cause hair loss and scales with varying degrees of inflammatory response. The incidence varies depending on geographical location and factors that affect the incidence rate. It is important to know the incidence also the clinical and cure profile of tinea capitis to provide benefits in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Purpose: To evaluate the clinical and cure profile of TC patients at the Dermatology and Venereology Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya from January 2019 to January 2020. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study based on medical records with a total sampling technique. Result: Of the 10 TC patients, who were the research subjects, TC predominantly affected males and at 5–11 years age group. The highest risk factor was a history of contact with cats. Scales were the most common clinical feature. Microsporum canis was the most common causative species, ectothrix arthrospores was revealed during the direct microscopic examination, Wood lamp's fluorescence was mostly yellow-green, and cigarette-shaped hair was the most common dermoscopic finding. Eighty percent of subjects were diagnosed with gray patch type. Conclusion: The diagnosis of TC was established based on the patient's history, clinical examination, and supporting examination.

The Correlation between icaA and icaD Genes with Biofilm Formation Staphylococcus epidermidis In Vitro Rachmawati, Dian; Kuntaman, Kuntaman; Alimsardjono, Lindawati
Folia Medica Indonesiana Vol. 55 No. 4 (2019): December
Publisher : Universitas Airlangga

This study was conducted to identify the presence of icaA and icaD genes in S. epidermidis and to analyze the relationship between the presence of icaA and icaD genes with the ability of in vitro biofilm formation in S. epidermidis. S. epidermidis isolates from patients and healthy people were collected and PCR was examined to detect icaA and icaD genes. which then continued to examine the ability of biofilm formation by the method of Congo Red Agar. The results of this genotypic and phenotypic examination were then tested for correlation with statistical tests using SPSS 23.0. A total of 40 S. epidermidis isolates were collected, consisting of 20 clinical isolates and 20 isolates of normal flora. The icaA gene was positive in 5 isolates (12.5%), and 8 isolates (20%) were positive for the icaD gene, 3 isolates with icaA and icaD were both positive. One hundred percent of isolates with icaA or icaD positively formed biofilms, but there were 15 isolates (42.9%) who did not have the icaA gene but showed the ability to form biofilms, while 12 isolates (37.5%) who did not have the icaD gene also formed biofilms. Fifty percent of S. epidermidis isolates showed the ability to form biofilms at CRA. The Fisher Exact test showed a significant relationship between the icaA gene and the ability of biofilm formation (p=0.047 (p<0.05)) as well as the icaD gene (p=0.03 (p<0.05)). The icaA and icaD genes have a significant relationship to biofilm formation in S. epidermidis. There was another mechanism in the formation of biofilms that are not dependent on the ica gene.

Distribusi Dan Pola Kepekaan enterobacteriaceae Dari Spesimen Urin Di RSUD DR. Soetomo Surabaya Periode Januari – Juni 2015 Silvia Sutandhio; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Maria Inge Lusida
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 3 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v3i1.775

Latar Belakang: Bakteri penyebab infeksi saluran kemih (ISK) didominasi oleh Enterobacteriaceae. Idealnya, setiap rumah sakit memiliki peta kuman dan pola kepekaan sendiri untuk digunakan sebagai panduan terapi empirik dan monitor penyebaran bakteri multiresisten. Hasil kultur urin, yang merupakan pemeriksaan penunjang untuk diagnosis dan pemilihan terapi antimikroba definitif, dapat dimanfaatkan untuk tujuan tersebut. Metode: Spesimen urin dikultur pada media isolasi primer, lalu diidentifikasi secara manual dan sistem semi-otomatis, yaitu BD Phoenix dan Vitek 2, yang telah dikonfirmasi dengan Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2015. Hasil: Sebanyak 57.2% dari 1983 isolat hasil kultur teridentifikasi sebagai Enterobacteriaceae, dengan spesifikasi: 59.6%, 18.1%, 0.1%, 10.0%, dan 3.8%, berturut-turut untuk Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter spp., dan Proteus spp. Lebih dari 50% isolat Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, dan Klebsiella oxytoca merupakan penghasil Extended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL). Kesimpulan: Enterobacteriaceae yang diisolasi umumnya resisten terhadap Ampisilin dan Sefalosporin generasi I, tetapi masih sensitif terhadap antimikroba golongan Karbapenem dan Aminoglikosida. Antimikroba golongan Karbapenem, yang merupakan pilihan terakhir pada kasus infeksi oleh Enterobacteriaceae multiresisten, hanya boleh diresepkan bila sesuai dengan indikasi, untuk mencegah timbulnya organisme resisten Karbapenem.

Perbandingan Distribusi Dan Pola Kepekaan Acinetobacter baumannii Terhadap Antimikroba Di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya Periode Januari–Maret 2015, April–Juni 2015, dan Januari–Maret 2016 Silvia Sutandhio; Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo; Lindawati Alimsardjono; Eddy Bagus Wasito
JURNAL WIDYA MEDIKA Vol. 4 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS KATOLIK WIDYA MANDALA SURABAYA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33508/jwm.v4i1.1782

Acinetobacter baumannii is an environmental bacteria that can cause opportunistic infections such as ventilator-associated pneumonia, burn wound infection, urinary tract infection, and sepsis in immunocompromised patients. A. baumannii infections are troublesome because the bacteria resistance to many antimicrobial agents. Surveillance of distribution and sensitivity pattern of A. baumannii is best to be done frequently in hospitals.Venous blood as much as 10 milliliters was drawn aseptically and transferred into liquid medium Bactec® to be sent to Clinical Microbiology Laboratory of Dr. Soetomo General and Teaching Hospital. Medium that showed bacterial growth was subcultured on Blood Agar Plate and MacConkey Agar, and incubated for 18-24 hours in aerobic condition. Identification and susceptibility test were done with semi-automated system BD Phoenix, and interpreted based onClinical and Laboratory Standards Institute 2015.A. baumannii collected on trimester January-March 2015 were 30 isolates, with 19 isolates being Multidrug Resistant(MDR) A. baumannii (63%) and 6 isolatesPandrug Resistant(PDR)A. baumannii (20%). Isolates from trimester April-June 2015 were 32 isolates, with 21 isolates being MDR A. baumannii (66%) and 2 isolates PDR A. baumannii (6%). Isolates from trimester January-March 2016 were 40 isolates, with 22 isolates being MDR A. baumannii (55%) and 2 isolates PDR A. baumannii (5%).A. baumannii mostly isolated from Intensive Care Unit, followed by Internal medicine ward, Pediatric ward, Surgery ward and Emergency Department. High sensitivity of A. baumanniion trimester January-March 2016 was to imipenem (50%), meropenem (50%), amikacin (53%), cotrimoxazole (53%), dan cefoperazone-sulbactam (55%).. MDRA. baumannii mostly isolated from ICU, which reflects high burden of antimicrobial use. At this moment, antimicrobial agents that can be used as empirical therapy for A. baumannii infection are imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, cotrimoxazole, and cefoperazone-sulbactam. The entire hospital member must implement the Infection Control and Prevention and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program to preventnosocomial infections byA. baumanniiand the emergence of MDRA. baumannii.

Co-Authors Achmad Ilham Rizwani Agung Dwi Wahyu Widodo Arifa Mustika Burhana Mawarasti Deby Kusumaningrum Dian Rachmawati Eddy Bagus Wasito Eko Budi Koendhori, Eko Budi Farhan Haidar Fazlur Rahman Herdiyanti Herdiyanti Herry Purbayu Indiastuti, Danti Nur Isnaeni Kuntaman Kuntaman Linda Astari, Linda Lisa Nathalie ManikRetno Wahyunitisari Maria Inge Lusida Mawarasti, Burhana Ni Made Mertaniasih Noviannisa, Farah Ayu Pascalis Fabian Pepy Dwi Endraswari, Pepy Dwi Rebekah Setiabudi, Rebekah Silvia Sutandhio Sunarni Zakaria Titiek Sulistyowati

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