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Keputusan Berinvestasi dengan Menggunakan Metode Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) pada Perusahaan Indeks LQ 45 Periode 2015 – 2019 Elly Susanti; Astuti Astuti; Supitriyani Supitriyani
Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pajak Vol 21, No 2 (2021): JAP VOL. 21 No. 02, Agustus 2020 - Januari 2021
Publisher : ITB AAS INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jap.v21i02.1552

Abstract

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis return dan resiko dengan menggunakan metode CAPM dalam keputusan berinvestasi serta dapat mengelompokkan dan menilai perusahaan indeks LQ 45 berdasarkan tingkat undervalued dan overvalued Penelitian ini menggunakan metode CAPM (Capital Asset Pricing Model) serta mengklasifikasikan dan mengevaluasi perusahaan indeks LQ 45 berdsarkan tingkat undervalued dan overvalued. Jenis penelitian secara kuantitatif deskriptif merupakan jenis penelitian yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Di dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sample jenuh. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan program aplikasi Microsoft Excel. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah menghitung Return Saham, return indeks pasar, beta dan ekspektasi return metode CAPM. Hasil penelitian dengan cara membandingkan nilai beta dengan expected return memiliki hubungan berbanding terbalik. Dari 45 perusahaan tersebut terdapat 13 perusahaan yang Undervalued dan 15 perusahaan yang Overvalued.
Pengaruh Modal Sendiri, Jumlah Anggota Terhadap Pertumbuhan Koperasi Di Kota Pematangsiantar Supitriyani Supitriyani; Khairul Azwar; Elly Susanti; Astuti Astuti
Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pajak Vol 21, No 2 (2021): JAP VOL. 21 No. 02, Agustus 2020 - Januari 2021
Publisher : ITB AAS INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29040/jap.v21i02.1540

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of own capital and the number of members partially and simultaneous on the growth of cooperatives (SHU) in Pematangsiantar City Cooperative in 2017-2019 periods. Data collection in this study is conducted by interview, observation and documentation methods. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The number of samples in this study were 17 cooperatives with the 2017-2019 periods with population of 86. The analysis techniques have been carried outusing simple and multiple linear regression, with the program SPSS 21. The partial test results of the t test show that own capital has a positive and significant effect on SHU while the number of members has a negative and significant effect on SHU. Meanwhile the results simultaneous testing hrough the F test shows that the own capital and the number of members have a positive and significant effect on SHU. The results of the determinant test have an adjusted R square (R2) value of 0.227 which means that the effect of own capital and the number of members on SHU is 22.7% and the remaining 77.3% is explained by variables or other factors not examined in this study, such as loan capital, total deposits, business volume and total assets. Keywords : Own Capital, Number of Members, SHU
The Accuracy of Balance Model in Predicting Stock Investment During The Covid-19 Pandemic on LQ 45 Index Elly Susanti; Nelly Ervina; Ernest Grace; Sudung Simatupang
Organum: Jurnal Saintifik Manajemen dan Akuntansi Vol 4, No 2 (2021): Organum: Jurnal Saintifik Manajemen dan Akuntansi, December 2021
Publisher : Universitas Winaya Mukti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35138/organum.v4i2.193

Abstract

In doing investment, an investor certainly avoids risk; thus, the investor needs a model in making predictions to forecast the return of shares. There are two models to predict this: Capital Asset Pricing Capital (CAPM) and Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT). The purpose of this study is to find out which models are more accurate in determining investment options, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic in companies that are included in the LQ 45 Index group. The population in this study is 50 companies listed in LQ 45 from February 2020 - July 2021. The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling. The data used in this study will be processed through Ms.Excel and SPSS Version 21. The data analysis techniques used in this study are the Basic Assumption Test consisting of Normality Test and Homogeneity Test, Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), and hypothesis testing consisting of independent t-test samples. The results in this study show that Model is accurate in predicting stock returns in the Covid-19 pandemic is a CAPM model this is because the value of MAD CAPM is smaller than mad APT. Furthermore, independent t-test samples showed that H0 was rejected which meant that there was a difference in accuracy between CAPM and APT in calculating the return of LQ 45 shares. The implication of this study are expected to provide references to investors and potential investors as a source of information in decision making to make investments in this pandemic period.
DAMPAK QUICK RATIO DAN LONG TERM DEBT to EQUITY RATIO TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN Hery Pandapotan Silitonga; Robert Tua Siregar; Elly Susanti
JURNAL MUTIARA AKUNTANSI Vol 4 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Mutiara Akuntansi Volume 4 No. 2 Tahun 2019
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS SARI MUTIARA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of quick ratio (QR) and long term debt to equity ratio (LtDER) on tobacco in cable companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The population of this study is the cable sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2013-2018. Sampling with a purposive sampling method, obtained as many as 5 companies to be sampled. Data analysis techniques used are multiple linear regression, hypothesis testing, correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination. The results of the quick ratio (QR) research have a negative effect while the long term to debt ratio (LtDER) has a positive effect on tobacco in the Cable Sub Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2013-2018. This shows that the higher the quick ratio will decrease Tobins'q and the higher the long term debt to equity ratio will increase the Tobins'q obtained.
Peranan Nilai Perusahaan dalam Memoderator Pengaruh Fundamental terhadap Kinerja Keuangan pada Perusahaan Sektor Aneka Industri Elly Susanti; Khairul Azwar; Christine Dewi Nainggolan
Owner : Riset dan Jurnal Akuntansi Vol. 5 No. 1 (2021): Article Research Februari 2021
Publisher : Politeknik Ganesha Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33395/owner.v5i1.351

Abstract

IHSG fluctuated from 2015 to 2019 due to the trade war between the U.S. and China resulting in the performance of various industrial sector indices declining. In addition, the factors that cause the decline also come from the company's fundamentals (CR, DAR and TATO) The purpose of this study is to review and analyze the role of the company's value in moderating the fundamental influence of the company on financial performance in multi-industry sector companies recorded in the IDX period 2015 - 2019. The type of research used in this research is quantitative research. The population of 50 issuers uses purposive sampling techniques so that the sample used as many as 19 issuers. Data analysis techniques used are descriptive statistical analysis, classical assumption test, hypothesis test and residual test. The results obtained are known simultaneously the fundamentals of the company (CR, DAR and TATO) have a significant effect. Partially CR and TATO have a positive and significant effect on ROA while DAR has a negative and significant impact on ROA which means that by indicating that the company is able to manage the company's working capital by utilizing the company's assets for operational activities it can improve the company's performance but on the contrary with a high level of debt it will decrease financial performance. While the company's value (PBV) has no role in the influence between the company's fundamentals on financial performance
PENGARUH PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN, LIKUIDITAS, DAN PROFITABILITAS TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR PERTAMBANGAN BATUBARA YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA Nanda Khairani; Yansen Siahaan; Elly Susanti; Supitriyani Supitriyani
JURNAL AKUNTANSI FINANCEIAL STIE SULTAN AGUNG Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (108.083 KB) | DOI: 10.37403/financial.v4i2.78

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah 1. Untuk mengetahui gambaran pertumbuhan perusahaan, likuiditas, profitabilitas  dan nilai perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Batubara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. 2. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh pertumbuhan perusahaan, likuiditas dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Pertambangan Batubara yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia baik secara simultan maupun parsial.Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa 1. Rata-rata pertumbuhan perusahaan cenderung meningkat, likuiditas cenderung meningkat, profitabilitas cenderung meningkat dan nilai perusahaan cenderung menurun. 2. Hasil pengujian dari regresi linier berganda diketahui bahwa pertumbuhan perusahaan, likuiditas dan profitabilitas berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai perusahaan. 3. Hasil analisis koefisien korelasi dan korelasi determinasi dapat di ambil kesimpulan bahwa hubungan antara pertumbuhan perusahaan, likuiditas, dan profitabilitas terhadap nilai perusahaan rendah dan cukup banyak dipengaruh oleh variabel lain yang tidak dijelaskan dalam penelitian ini. 4. hasil uji hipotesis dapat disimpulkan bahwa likuiditas tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, pertumbuhan perusahaan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan, dan profitabilitas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah sebaiknya pertumbuhan mengoptimalkan seluruh aset yang dimiliki, memanfaatkan seluruh modal kerja perusahaan sehingga dapat meningkatkan penjualan, memaksimalkan pengelolaan modal sendiri, memperhatikan peningkatan nilai perolehan laba.Kata Kunci : Pertumbuhan Perusahaan, Likuiditas, Profitabilitas, dan Nilai PerusahaanAbstractThe purpose of this study is 1. To find out the description of the company's growth, liquidity, profitability and company value in the Coal Mining Sub-Sector Company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. 2. To find out  the influence of the company's growth, liquidity and profitability on the value of the company in the Coal Mining Sub-Sector Company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange both simultaneously and partially.The results of this study can be concluded as follows 1. The average company growth tends to increase, liquidity tends to increase, profitability tends to increase and firm value tends to decrease. 2. The test results of multiple linear regression is known that the company's growth, liquidity and profitability negatively affect the value of the company. 3. The results of the analysis of the correlation coefficient and correlation of determination can be concluded that the relationship between company growth, liquidity, and profitability to firm value is low and is quite much influenced by other variables that did not described in this study. 4. Hypothesis test results can be concluded that liquidity is not significant to the value of the company, the company's growth is significant to the value of the company, and profitability has a significant impact on the value of the company.The result of this research is that it is better to optimize growth of all assets owned, utilize all the company’s working capital so that it can increase sales, maximize the management of own capital, pay attention to the increase in profit value.Keywords: Company Growth, Liquidity, Profitability, and Company Value
PENGARUH STRUKTUR MODAL, PROFITABILITAS DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR OTOMOTIF DAN KOMPONEN YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA Pipit Ayu Kurniasih; Yansen Siahaan; Elly Susanti; Supitriyani Supitriyani
JURNAL AKUNTANSI FINANCEIAL STIE SULTAN AGUNG Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (133.134 KB) | DOI: 10.37403/financial.v4i2.83

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran struktur modal, profitabilitas, kebijakan dividen dan nilai perusahaan serta pengaruh struktur modal, profitabilitas dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan secara simultan maupun parsial pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Otomotif dan Komponen yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Objek penelitian ini adalah Sub Sektor Otomotif dan Komponen yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Pengumpulan data digunakan metode dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, koefisien korelasi, koefisien determinasi, uji F, uji t. Analisis data dengan menggunakan bantuan program SPSS versi 21.            Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1. Hasil pengujian diperoleh nilai rata-rata struktur modal dan profitabilitas mengalami fluktuasi dan cenderung menurunan. 2. Nilai rata-rata profitabilitas berfluktuasi dan cenderung  menurun. 3. Nilai rata-rata kebijakan dividen berfluktuasi dan cenderung  meningkat. 4. Nilai rata-rata nilai perusahaan pada berfluktuasi dan cenderung stabil. 5. Hasil regresi linier berganda diperoleh struktur modal berpengaruh negatif sedangkan profitabilitas dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. 6. Hasil pengujian koefisien korelasi dan determinasi terdapat korelasi yang sangat kuat antara nilai perusahaan dengan struktur modal, profitabilitas dan kebijakan dividen dan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor lainnya. 7. Berdasarkan uji F, struktur modal, profitabilitas dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Hasil uji t, struktur modal berpengaruh tidak signifikan sedangkan profitabilitas dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Hasil penelitian menyarankan perusahaan sebaiknya meningkatkan penggunaan struktur modal yang optimal serta meningkatkan penjualan agar memperoleh laba yang maksimal serta dapat membagikan dividen yang cukup tinggi kepada para investor dan harga saham dapat meningkat.Kata Kunci: Struktur Modal, Profitabilitas, Kebijakan Dividen dan Nilai perusahaan AbstractThe purpose of this study are to know the description of capital structure, profitability, dividend policy and firm value and to determine the effect of capital structure, profitability, dividend policy on the value of the company in Sub Sector automotive and components listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange either simultaneously or partially.This research was conducted by qualitative descriptive analysis method and quantitative descriptive analysis. The object of this study is the automotive and components Sub Sector listed on the stock exchange Indonesia. Data collection used documentation method. Analytical techniques used are multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient, coefficient of determination, F test, t test. Data analysis using SPSS version 21.The result of the research can be summarized as follows: 1. The test results obtained the average value of capital structure fluctuate and tend to decrease. 2. The average value of profitability fluctuates and tends to decrease. 3. The average value of dividend policy fluctuates and tends to increase. 4. The average value of the company's value fluctuates and tends to be stable. 5. The results of multiple linear regression obtained the capital structure have a negative effect while profitability and dividend policy have a positive effect on firm value. 6. The results of testing the correlation and determination coefficients have a very strong correlation between firm value and capital structure, profitability and dividend policy and the rest is influenced by other factors. 7. Based on the F test, capital structure, profitability and dividend policy have a significant effect on company value. The results of the t test, the capital structure has no significant effect while profitability and dividend policy have a significant effect on the value of the companyThe results of the research suggest that companies should increase the optimal use of capital structure and increase sales in order to obtain maximum profits and can distribute dividends that are quite high to investors and stock prices can increase.Keywords: Capital Structure, Profitability, Dividend Policy and FirmValue
PENGARUH EARNING PER SHARE, DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO, DAN ASSET GROWTH TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA PERUSAHAAN SUB SEKTOR TELEKOMUNIKASI, YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA Nova G. Brizella Sidauruk; Liper Siregar; Elly Susanti; Astuti Astuti
JURNAL AKUNTANSI FINANCEIAL STIE SULTAN AGUNG Vol 4, No 2 (2018): Desember
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (134.223 KB) | DOI: 10.37403/financial.v4i2.79

Abstract

AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran earning per share, debt to equity ratio, asset growth terhadap nilai perusahaan serta pengaruh earning per share, debt to equity ratio, asset growth terhadap nilai perusahaan pada Perusahaan Sub Sektor Telekomunikasi yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif  dan analisis deskriptif kuantitatif. Pengumpulan data digunakan metode dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linier berganda, koefisien korelasi, koefisien determinasi, uji hipotesis.Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1. Rata-rata earning per share dan nilai perusahaan cenderung meningkat, rata-rata debt to equity ratio dan asset growth cenderung menurun. 2. Hasil pengujian dari regresi linier berganda diketahui bahwa earning per share dan asset growth berpengaruh positif, sedangkan debt to equity ratio berpengaruh negatif terhadap nilai perusahaaan. 3. Hasil analisis koefisien korelasi  dan korelasi determinasi dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa hubungan antara earning per share, debt to equity ratio, dan asset growth dengan nilai perusahaan kuat dan cukup banyak dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain yang dijelaskan dalam penelitian ini. 4. Hasil Uji F dapat disimpulkan bahwa H0 ditolak yang artinya  earning per share, debt to equity ratio, dan asset growth berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah manajemen sebaiknya lebih mengoptimalkan penggunaan dana dalam perusahaan sehingga dengan penggunaan utang yang besar tetap mampu meningkatkan laba sehingga dapat meningkatkan nilai perusahaan. Perusahaan juga tetap memperhatikan pertumbuhan aset, dengan terjadinya pertumbuhan yang baik akan meningkatkan hasil operasi perusahaan hal ini akan menambah kepercayaan pihak luar terhadap perusahaan.Dengan demikian para investor akan melakukan investasi di perusahaan tersebut.Kata Kunci : Earning Per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio,  Asset Growth, dan Nilai PerusahaanAbstractThe purpose of this research  is to find out: 1. Overview of Earning Per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio, Asset Growth, and Corporate Value. 2. Effect of Earning Per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Asset Growth on Company Value in Telecommunication Sub-Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. This research was conducted using qualitative descriptive analysis methods and quantitative descriptive analysis. The research sample is the Telecommunications Sub-Sector Registered on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2013-2017 period. Data collection is done by documentation method. The analysis technique used is the classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient, determination coefficient, and hypothesis testing.The results of the research can be summarized as follows: 1. Average earnings per share and firm value tend to increase, the average debt to equity ratio and asset growth tend to decline. 2. The test results of multiple linear regression revealed that earnings per share and asset growth had a positive effect, while the debt to equity ratio had a negative effect on firm value. 3. The results of the analysis of the correlation coefficient and correlation of determination can be concluded that the relationship between earnings per share, debt to equity ratio, and asset growth with firm value is strong and quite much influenced by other variables described in this study. 4. F test results can be concluded that H0 is rejected, which means earnings per share, debt to equity ratio, and asset growth have a significant effect on firm value.The results of the study suggest that management should optimize the use of funds in the company so that the use of large debt can still increase profits so as to increase the value of the company. The company also continues to pay attention to the growth of assets, with the occurrence of good growth will improve the results of the company's operations this will increase the confidence of outside parties towards the company. Thus investors will invest in the company. Keywords: Earning Per Share, Debt to Equity Ratio, and Asset Growth Price to Book Value.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KUALITAS LABA PADA PERUSAHAAN INDEX LQ 45 PERIODE 2015-2019 Elly Susanti; Khairul Azwar; Astuti Astuti
JURNAL AKUNTANSI FINANCEIAL STIE SULTAN AGUNG Vol 7, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37403/financial.v0i0.234

Abstract

Investor memerlukan informasi laba agar dapat menilai kinerja keuangan perusahaan di masa yang lalu guna memprediksi kinerja keuangan perusahaan di masa depan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan laba yang berkualitas yang dapat mencerminkan kinerja keuangan perusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor faktor (CR, Size, IOS dan DPR) yang mempengaruhi kualitas laba. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan Index LQ 45 selama periode 2015-2019, pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling sehingga yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 18 perusahaan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan teknik dokumentasi, sedangkan analisis data menggunakan uji asumsi klasik dan pengujian hipotesis. Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa CR, Size, DAR, IOS dan DPR memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan secara simultan. Secara parsial CR, Size, IOS dan DPR memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kualitas laba sedangkan DAR memiliki pengaruh negatif tidak signifikan terhadap kualitas laba.Kata kunci: Kualitas Laba, CR, Size, DAR, IOS dan DPR
KEBIJAKAN HUTANG DAN KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN PADA SUB SEKTOR ROKOK YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA Lusianna N. Pangaribuan; Elly Susanti; Juan Anastasia Putri; Lenny Dermawan Sembiring
JURNAL AKUNTANSI FINANCEIAL STIE SULTAN AGUNG Vol 5, No 2 (2019): Desember
Publisher : Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Ekonomi Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37403/financial.v5i2.113

Abstract

Tujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh kebijakan hutang dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan pada Sub Sektor Rokok yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang meliputi uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linier berganda, dan uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian disimpulkan sebagai berikut: 1) Hasil uji regresi linier berganda Y = -4,615 + 5,255X1 + 11,725X2 berarti kebijakan hutang dan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh positif terhadap nilai perusahaan. 2) terdapat korelasi yang kuat antara kebijakan hutang dan kebijakan dividen terhadap nilai perusahaan sebesar 0,529. 3) Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan hutang dan kebijakan dividen secara simultan berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan dan secara parsial menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan hutang berpengaruh positif dan tidak signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan sedangkan kebijakan dividen berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan.Kata kunci: Kebijakan Hutang, Kebijakan Dividen, dan Nilai Perusahaan