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All Journal Universa Medicina GIZI INDONESIA YARSI Medical Journal
Basuki Budiman
Kelompok Program Penelitian Sistem Kewaspadaan Gizi, Puslitbang Gizi, Bogor
Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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Hubungan antara konsumsi iodium dan gondok pada siswi berusia 15-17 tahun Budiman, Basuki; Sumarno, Iman
Universa Medicina Vol 26, No 2 (2007)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Trisakti University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2007.v26.80-89

Abstract

LATAR BELAKANGKonsekuensi gangguan akibat kekurangan iodium (GAKI) yang paling utama adalah kelainan neuropsikologi dalam masa pertumbuhan janin. Remaja merupakan kelompok usia yang segera akan menghasilkan keturunan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai adanya hubungan antara konsumsi iodium dan prevalensi gondok pada remaja. METODEPenelitian ini dirancang menggunakan desain potong-lintang. Sebanyak 300 siswa putri SMU usia 15-18 tahun di Kabupaten Minahasa (Mn, Sulawesi), Bukittinggi (Bt, Sumatera) dan Gunungkidul (Gk, Jawa), berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Pembesaran tiroid (gondok) dipalpasi dengan mengikuti kriteria WHO/ICCIDD. Data yang dikumpulkan termasuk sampel urin sesaat (casual urine), perihal kesukaan remaja mengudap, contoh garam dapur rumahtangga, dan penggunaan garam beriodium. HASILPrevalensi gondok pada siswi sangat tinggi di tiga kabupaten, sebesar 51,0% (Mn), 41,6% (Bt) dan 31,1% (Gk) searah dengan gradasi proporsi defisit iodium menurut konsentrasi iodium dalam urin (KIU) (<100 mg/L bertutur-turut: 38,1%; 24,3% dan 11,6%) yang berada dalam kisaran normal. Kualitas garam beriodium di Mn paling bagus (>20 ppm iodium = 56%) begitu pula jenis garam yang dikonsumsi (92,0% garam halus) dibandingkan dengan dua kabupaten lainnya (Gk 90% garam bata; Bt 61,5 % garam curai/krosok). KESIMPULANKonsumsi iodium berhubungan dengan prevalensi gondok pada siswi berusia 15-17 tahun.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN GARAM BERIODIUM TERHADAP KADAR TIROKSIN PADA IBU USIA SUBUR DI DAERAH ENDEMIK DEFISIENSI IODIUM Budiman, Basuki; -, Komari; -, Saidin
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 28, No 1 (2005): Maret 2005
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v28i1.13

Abstract

THE EFFECT OF IODIZED SALT INTERVENTION ON THYROXINE OF CHILDBEARING AGE MOTHERS IN ENDEMIC IODINE DEFICIENCY AREAThe national evaluation on implementation of Iodized salt indicate an excess dietary intakes of iodine. It is a consequence of the correction of iodine deficiency. However there is no confirmation of the adverse effect to the excess in Indonesia. Our aim is to elaborate whether the excess of iodine consumption affect serum thyroxine. We supplied 50-ppm iodized salt to 82 mothers at childbearing age’s family every two weeks for three months. We suggest the mothers used the supplied iodized salt for family consumption only and not used the salt for any other purposes such as cattle feeding. Mother’s blood drawn before and after intervention. Urine iodine exretion (UIE) were collected from school age children of participant family. The study revealed that three month-iodized salt intervention increased median UIE by 18.4 % and serum thyroxine level by 36.5 %. The number of children being at risk for hyperthyroidism were constributed from normal and deficit range level at initial study by 62,5 % and 41.7 % respectively. The number of mothers being thyroxine excess were 22.2 and 22.7 % respectively. We conclude that the level of iodine consentration in salt at 50 ppm is high and suggest that consentration should be lowered.Keywords: EIU, at risk for hyperthyroidism, thyroid hormone excess.mother at child bearing age.
ANEMIA PADA IBU USIA 17-35 TAHUN DI DAERAH ‘REPLETE’ ENDEMIK DEFISIENSI IODIUM Budiman, Basuki; Dewi, Rosmala; Muljati, Sri
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 30, No 1 (2007): Maret 2007
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v30i1.36

Abstract

ANEMIA OF CHILD BEARING AGE MOTHERS 17-35 YEARS OF AGE IN ENDEMIC IODINE ‘REPLETE’ AREAIron Deficiency Anemia (IDA) as well as Iodine Deficiency Disorder (IDD) both have adverseeffects on cognitive and neuropsychomotor, and adverse pregnant outcomes. Both iron andiodine have role on nuero development. Iron interact with iodine through the activity of thyroidperoxidase (TPO), an iron-dependent enzyme. IDA in iodine replete area (IRA) have not beenreported. Assesments IDA (Hb), free thyroxine (fT4), Thyrotropin hormone (TSH) of reproductivemothers 17-35 years of age were conducted in IRA and non-endemic deficiency iodine area(NEDIA). Casual iodine urin concentration (UIC) of school age children was also assesed toconfirm iodine endemicity of study area. Analysis of risk for anemia according to iodine status andcorrelation hemoglobin and thyrotropin were performed. The study area was confirmed to be nonendemic iodine deficiency (UIC criteria). Median EIU were 242 (24-880) µg/L in IRA and 211 (44-387) µg/L in NEDIA respectively. Proportion of EIU less than 100 µg/L in IRA were 5.0 % and inNEDIA 1.2 %. Proporsion of EIU greater than 300 µg/L were 29.6 dan 24.7 persen respectively.The results indicated that study areas were no longer endemic iodine deficiency and the peoplewhere they live consumed iodine tend to excess. These situation may effect on thyroid function asindicated by suppressed TSH and fT4 in normal range. Those two thyroid function parameterssignificantly different in the IRA and NEDIA. The everages serum concentration of TSH in thestudy area were 1,96(1,56-2,36) in IRA compared to 1,38 (1,09-1,67) mUI/L in NEDIA(p=0,23);while fT4 were 1,29 (1,14-1,44) and 0,98 (0,90-1,05) µg/dL respectively. Hemoglobin serumconcentration of mothers in those two area was not signicantly different; 12,45 (12,19-12,71) inIRA compared to 12,21 (11,96-12,46) mg/dL di NEDIA. Iron deficiency anemia was found 23,3 %in IRA and 35,7 % in NEDIA; however mothers in IRA have risk for anemia as big as mothers inNEDIA OR: 0,54(0,24-1,24). Analysis correlation (Spearman’s) between TSH and Hb providedcoefisient correlation Rho as much as 0.072 indicated very weak correlation between the twoparameters. There were no difference in proportion of hypothyroidism in the two study areas (OR:0,68 (0,207-2,25). Although the proportion of iron deficiensi anemia (IDA) in IRA much less thanthe proportion in NEDIA; there were no relationship between IDA and Iodine deficiency.Absorption of Fe in IRA may be more efficient than did in NEDIA. More studies are needed toconfirm this finding.Keywords: IDA, TSH, fT4, Hb, EIU, NEDIA, IRA
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF POOR FAMILIES IN NORTH JAKARTA ., Sandjaja; Soekatri, Moesijanti; Wibowo, Yulianti; Budiman, Basuki; ., Sudikno
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 33, No 2 (2010): September 2010
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v33i2.94

Abstract

TATUS GIZI PADA KELUARGA MISKIN DI JAKARTA UTARADari berbagai masalah kekurangan zat gizi mikro di Indonesia, hanya kurang vitamin A (KVA), anemia khususnya akibat kurang zat besi, dan gangguan akibat kurang iodium (GAKI) saja yang sudah banyak diteliti. Prevalensi kekurangan zat gizi mikro tersebut masih tinggi sehingga menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat. Akan tetapi penelitian kekurangan zat gizi mikro yang lain masih terbatas. Selain itu kekurangan zat gizi mikro khususnya pada keluarga miskin masih belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui besaran masalah kekurangan zat gizi mikro di Jakarta Utara pada 300 keluarga miskin dan 100 keluarga hampir miskin di 4 kelurahan yang mempunyai anak balita. Semua anak balita menjadi sampel penelitian, sedangkan untuk kelompok umur lain yaitu anak usia sekolah, remaja, dan dewasa hanya diambil sub -sampel. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah konsumsi makanan dan darah vena untuk dianalisis kadar hemoglobin, serum ferritin, zat seng (zinc), dan asam folat, dan data morbiditas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsumsi energi antara 1018 –1702 kkal dan protein antara 26.7– 44.3 gram per hari. Konsumsi energi dan protein masih defisit terutama pada kelompok remaja dan dewasa. Menurut sosial ekonomi, konsumsi tersebut lebih rendah pada keluarga miskin dibanding keluarga hampir miskin. Prevalensi anemia pada keluarga miskin terendah pada remaja laki-laki (5,1%) dan tertinggi pada remaja perempuan (37, 0%), sedangkan pada keluarga hampir miskin pada anak usia sekolah perempuan (13,3%) dan tertinggi pada wanita dewasa (27,8%). Prevalensi defisiensi besi pada keluarga miskin dan keluarga hampir miskin terendah pada dewasa laki-laki (0%) dan tertinggi pada remaja perempuan (37, 0%). Defisiensi zinc terendah pada anak usia sekolah laki-laki (14,6%) dan tertinggi pada anak sekolah laki-laki (30,8%) dan wanita dewasa (38,9%).Kata kunci: anemia, iron deficiency, zinc deficiency, poor family
STATUS VITAMIN D TERKINI ANAK INDONESIA USIA 2,0-12,9 TAHUN Ernawati, Fitrah; Budiman, Basuki
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 38, No 1 (2015): Maret 2015
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v38i1.169

Abstract

Masalah kurang vitamin D merupakan masalah gizi terbaru yang menjadi perhatian saat ini. Berbagai studi di luar negeri, baik di negara sub-tropis maupun tropis, menunjukkan prevalensi yang cukup tinggi. Di Indonesia belum banyak laporan tentang status vitamin D pada anak dan kelompok lain. Studi ini bertujuan mengetahui status vitamin D pada anak umur 2,0-12,9 tahun di Indonesia dan faktor yang berperan. Analisis menggunakan data anak usia 2,0 – 12,9 tahun dari South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) yang dikumpulkan tahun 2011. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang di 48 Kabupaten di Indonesia. Pengukuran kadar 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] menggunakan enzym immuno assay. Analisis data menggunakan ANOVA and korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata kadar vitamin D anak umur 2,0-12,9 tahun 52.6 + 0,7 nmol/L. Prevalensi deficiency vitamin D (serum 25(OH)D 25 nmol/L), insufficiecy (25-49 nmol/L), inadequate (50-74 nmol/L), dan desirable ( 75 nmol/L) berturut-turut 0%, 45,1%, 49,3%, dan 5,6%. Kadar vitamin D lebih tinggi pada anak lelaki (54,7±0,9 nmol/L) dibanding perempuan (49,9±1,0 nmol/L). Dijumpai hubungan positif antara lama melakukan aktifitas diluar rumah dengan kadar vitamin D (r=0,164, p=0,012). Kadar vitamin Dpada anak kelompok umur 2,0-2,9 tahun yaitu 54,0±2,3 nmol/l, sedangkan pada anak kelompok umur 9,0-12,9 tahun yaitu 50,3 ± 1,4 nmol/l. Kadar vitamin D anak yang tinggal di kota (52,5 nmol/l) tidak berbeda dengan anak yang tinggal di desa (52,6 nmol/l). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa status vitamin D pada anak usia sekolah perlu mendapat perhatian.ABSTRACT CURRENT STATUS OF VITAMIN D IN INDONESIAN CHILDREN 2,0-12,9 YEARS OLD Vitamin D deficiency is an emerging nutritional problem. Studies in subtropical and tropical countries have shown high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. However, the vitamin D status of school children and other groups in indonesia is still underreported. The objective of this study is to assess vitamin D status and its associated factors in children aged 2.0-12.9 year. The data used for the analysis is secondary data of children 2.0-12.9 year old taken from the cross-sectional study of South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) conducted in 48 districts in 2011. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level was measured using enzyme immuno assay. Statistical analysis of data used ANOVA and Correlation test. The results showed that the mean serum 25(OH)D was 52.6 + 0,7 nmol/L. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D 25 nmol/L), insufficiency (25-49 nmol/L), inadequate (50-74 nmol/L), and desirable ( 75 nmol/L) were 0%, 45.1per cent, 49.3per cent, dan 5.6per cent ,respectively. Vitamin D level in boys (54,0±2,3 nmol/L) was higher than in girls (49.9±1.0 nmol/L). There was an association between vitamin D levels with outdoors activity (r=0.164, p=0.012). Mean vitamin D level in children aged 2,0-2,9 years was 54.0±2.3 nmol/l, while in children aged 9.0-12.9 years was 50,3 ± 1,4 nmol/l. There was no significant difference of vitamin D level between urban children (52.5 nmol/L) and rural children (52.6 nmol/L). The study draws our attention to vitamin D status in children 2.0-12.9 years old..Keywords: vitamin D status, children aged 1,0-12,9 years, outdoors activity 
DESAIN PENELITIAN SOUTH-EAST ASIAN NUTRITION SURVEY (SEANUTS) DI INDONESIA Sandjaja, nFN; Budiman, Basuki; Harahap, Heryudarini; Ernawati, Fitrah; Soekatri, Moesijanti; Widodo, Yekti; Sumedi, Edith; Sofia, Gustina; Effendi, Rustan; Syarief, Hidayat; Minarto, nFN
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 36, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36457/gizindo.v36i2.136

Abstract

South-East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS) merupakan multi-center study yang dilakukan di Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand dan Vietnam yang diprakarsai oleh FrieslandCampina Belanda tahun 2011 untuk mengetahui besaran masalah gizi utama di masing-masing negara. SEANUTS merupakan studi komprehensif gizi yang mengumpulkan data antropometri gizi (berat, tinggi badan, tinggi duduk, lapisan lemak bawah kulit, lingkaran lengan atas, lebar lengan tangan, siku, lutut), biokimia gizi (vitamin A, D, Hb, ferritin, DHA), iodium urine, perkembangan mental/ kognitif dan motorik, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tulang, konsumsi makanan, dan morbiditas. Tulisan ini menjelaskan desain umum SEANUTS. Desain SEANUTS adalah studi potong lintang (cross-sectional). Sampel adalah anak umur 0,5-12,9 tahun sebanyak 7211 anak yang dipilih dengan metode two-stage randomized cluster sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara, pengamatan, pengukuran, dan pemeriksaan sesuai dengan data yang dikumpulkan. Enumerator terlatih mengumpulkan data morbiditas, antropometri, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tulang, perkembangan mental dan kognisi, konsumsi makanan, urin. Pemeriksaan klinis oleh tenaga medis setempat, pengambilan darah oleh plebotomis. Tulisan-tulisan dalam nomor majalah ini berisi hasil deskriptif tentang besaran masalah gizi makro dan mikro di Indonesia, konsumsi makanan, aktivitas fisik, dan perkembangan mental, sedangkan tulisan ini menjelaskan desain umum SEANUTS
STATUS IODIUM DI INDONESIA SAAT INI: PERLUNYA PENAJAMAN SASARAN Budiman, Basuki
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 35, No 1 (2012): Maret 2012
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

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Abstract

Konsekuensi defisiensi iodium selama kehamilan terhadap gangguan neuropsikologi pada bayi yang dilahirkan telah banyak dipublikasikan dan telah diterima oleh sebagian besar masyarakat ilmiah.Pemerintah Indonesia mempunyai sejarah yang panjang dalam menanggulangi gangguan akibat kekurangan iodium (GAKI). Memanfaatkan teknologi yang berkembang pada saatnya, profilaksi berupa suntikan intra muskuler minyak beriodium dan kapsul minyak beriodium untuk program jangka pendek; dan fortifikasi iodium dalam garam konsumsi untuk program jangka panjang. Upaya tersebut berhasil menurunkan prevalensi gondok yang dihadapi sejak tahun 1980-an hingga saat ini. Namun demikian, efek masalah konsumsi berlebih juga muncul. Di beberapa daerah dilaporkan telah ditemukan penderita hipertiroid. Konsekuensi hipertiroidisme adalah penyakit jatung koroner (PJK), penyakit autoimun dan kanker.Kata kunci: GAKI, garam beriodium, hipertiroidism
TINGKAT KOGNISI ANAK INDONESIA BERUSIA 5,5-12,0 TAHUN: HASIL SEANUTS DI INDONESIA Syarief, Nurmeida S; Budiman, Basuki; Sandjaja, nFN
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 36, No 2 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

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Abstract

Perkembangan kognisi atau karakteristik mental dicirikan dengan perkembangan persepsi, memori, imajinasi, daya pikir, kecerdasan. Artikel ini menyajikan hasil SEANUTS tentang tingkat kognisi anak berusia 5,5-12,0 tahun secara deskriptif. Partisipan sebanyak 1368 menggambarkan populasi nasional yang diambil secara acak jamak bertingkat (two stage randomized cluster sampling). Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat kognisi anak. Kelompok anak terdiri 5,5-7,9 tahun dan 8,0-12,0 tahun. Tingkat kognisi disajikan menurut postur tubuh. Postur dinilai dari skor Z pada indeks TB/U. Tingkat kognisi di bawah rerata pada anak kelompok berusia 5,5-7,9 tahun antara 16,0- 50,0 persen; dan kelompok berusia 8,0-12,0 tahun antara 25,7-69,6 persen. Secara keseluruhan, asosiasi antara kognisi dan postur tubuh tidak nyata pada anak berusia 5,5-7,9 tahun. Pada kelompok usia yang lebih tua tampak perbedaan yang signifikan baik di perkotaan maupun di perdesaan (p<0,05). Namun demikian, hubungan itu diduga dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan tempat anak tumbuh termasuk stimulasi neuropsikologis dan status gizi baik mikro maupun makroABSTRACT COGNITIVE LEVEL OF CHILDREN 5.5-12.0 YEARS OLD: RESULT OF SEANUTS IN INDONESIA Cognitive or mental characteristic development includes development of perception, memory, imagination, intellectual skill and IQ. This article provides SEANUTS’ result especially on mental development of school children (5.5-12.0 years old). A nationally representative number of 1368 children involved in this study. Two-stage randomized cluster sampling was implied for deriving required participants. Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (CPM) was administered to measure cognition. Posture was represented by HAZ score. Results showed that proportion of level cognition was below average in the 5.5-7.9 year age group and in the 8.0-12.0 year age group between 16.0- 50.0 percent and 25.7-69.6 percent respectively. The association between cognition and posture at younger group was unclear while at older group, it seemed significantly different (p<0.05) both in rural and urban. However, the significant association at lower cognition level were influenced by environment where chlidren grow including neuropsychological stimulation and nutritional status both micro- and macronutrient level. Keywords: cognition, posture, CPM, Indonesian children
AKURASI ALAT DETEKSI SODIUM DALAM URIN SECARA OTOMATIS DENGAN METODE ELECTRODA SELEKSI ION KERING Budiman, Basuki; Pela, Kartika; Arifin, Aya Yuriesta; Ferbriani, Ferbriani; Safitri, Amalia; Anggraini, Dwi; Dewi, Rinda Ayu; Anwar, Athena
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 41, No 1 (2018): Maret 2018
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

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Abstract

Inductively Couple Plasma (ICP) is a standard method to detect urinary sodium. However, the urinary sodium analysis method has a limitation in which the process to free sodium from molecules is not digest thoroughly. Ionic Selected Electrode (ISE) method is the better option. A New authomatic instrument Na-K-Cl automatic digital analyser that is “Spotchem EL 1520” using ISE method (dry ISE) was developed but the application to detect urinary sodium has not yet done. The purpose of this trial was to test the accuracy of the instrument in detecting urinary sodium. A number of 100 people  aged 20-64 years participated in the trial by  collecting around 50 mL fresh urine. Urinary sodium was analysed by ICP method in chemical laboratory and by ISE method using the digital analyser instrument. A number of 6 out of 100 urine sample did not meet a minimum volume requirement to be analysed by ICP method but it was able to be analysed using ISE method. The instrument was able to detect urinary sodium more than 132 (SD:77,81) mmol/L compared to Laboratory ICP method 79.38 (SD: 47,50) mmol/L. The Sensitivity of the instrument to detect sodium in urine was 97.6% (95% CI : 87.1-99.9%) and the Specivicity was 58 % (95% CI: 44.7-71.9). The trial also analysed urinary creatinine with aution instrument. A number of 10 urine sample was analysed by private clinical laboratory as quality control.  Aution is semi quantitave digital analyser and the result was inline with quantitative (controlled sample). The automatic digital analyser can be used as alternative for conventional analyses of urinary sodium.ABSTRAKMetode deteksi konsentrasi sodium dapat dilakukan dengan metode ICP atau ISE.  Saat ini telah dikembangkan alat deteksi sodium metode ISE kering yang dapat diterapkan pada sampel serum maupun urin. Uji coba alat dilakukan di laboratorium terpadu Badan Litbang Kesehatan di Bogor. Sebanyak 100 orang partisipan terlibat dalam uji coba. Partisipan  adalah penduduk di sekitar kantor dan honorer penelitian kohor tumbuh kembang di Bogor. Partisipan diminta specimen urin di laboratorium dan diperiksa kadarnya pada hari itu juga. Dua alat yang diuji coba adalah Na-K-Cl digital analyzer, (Spotchem EL 1520, arkray dengan metode ISE kering) dan creatinine aution, semi kuantitatif (arkray). Keduanya menggunakan urin sebagai specimen. Uji coba dimulai dengan pemeriksaan deteksi kreatinin karena pemeriksaan harus kurang dari 24 jam. Sebanyak 50 sampel diperiksa berurutan tanpa jeda, kemudian diteruskan 50 spesimen lainnya. Kesepakatan supervisor, diperiksakan 10 specimen diperiksa di laboratorium swasta yang ada di Bogor sebagai pembanding. Ujicoba alat Na-K-Cl analyzer dengan 100 specimen urin dilakukan  tanpa jeda. Pembanding hasil periksa alat ini adalah pemeriksaan urin metode ICP di laboratorium terpadu dan dikerjakan oleh analis kimia yang berpengalaman. Dari segi proses, kedua alat tidak ditemukan masalah saat ujicoba. Kedua alat ini digunakan untuk memeriksa 25 spesimen per hari. Hasil kadar kreatinin setelah dibandingkan dengan hasil periksa di laboratorium swasta secara grafik bagus walaupun dengan nilai absolut berbeda. Uji statistik menunjukkan Se 97,6 dan Sp 58. Hasil deteksi dengan alat ini lebih sensitive dibandingkan dengan laboratorium.Kata kunci: Inductively Couple Plasma ( ICP), Ionic Selected Electrode (ISE), sodium urin
PERANAN PROTEKTIF DAN NON-PROTECTIF NITRIC OXIDEs(NOs) PADA RESPON IMUN Budiman, Basuki
GIZI INDONESIA Vol 31, No 2 (2008): September 2008
Publisher : PERSATUAN AHLI GIZI INDONESIA

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Abstract

THE ROLE OF PROTECTIVE AND NON-PROTECTIVE NITRIC OXIDES (NOs) IN IMMUNE RESPONSNitric oxides (NO), included in this term are radical NO., (ionic) NO-, NO, NO2, NO2-, NO3-, N2O3,N2O4, S-nitrosothiols, peroxynitrite (ONOO-), and nitrisyl-metal complex. NOs are radical substances which have characteristic both protective and non-protective immunity due to unable to distinguish pathogen DNA or host DNA. NO is by_product of arginine metabolism. NO plays roles in muscle relaxation to prevent platelets aggregation, as intra cell neurotransmitter, mediated macrophage of tumor cell and bacteria. The activity is under controlled by NO-synthetase (NOS) which has three isomers, namely NOS1 or neural NOS (nNOS), NOS2 or inducible NOS (iNOS) and NOS3 or endothelial NOS (eNOS). The role of iNOS/NO in immune system could be as a protective and non-protective which work simultaneously and depend on the immune system equilibrium. The function of iNOS/NO is as regulator and effector. As regulator the function includes change of lymphocyte from proliferation and modulated cytokine response. As effector the function includes necrosis and immnunoprotective activities. The main target of NO 2 toxicity is lungs but depends on the concentration of toxicity and duration of exposure to the targetKeywords: arginine, immonology, NOS, nitric oxide, protective
Co-Authors Amalia Safitri Arifin, Aya Yuriesta Athena Anwar Dewi, Rinda Ayu Dwi Anggraini Dwi Hapsari Edith Sumedi, Edith Ferbriani, Ferbriani Fitrah Ernawati Gustina Sofia Heryudarini Harahap Hidayat Syarief Iman Sumarno Komari -, Komari Moesijanti Soekatri, Moesijanti nFN Minarto, nFN nFN Sandjaja, nFN Nurmeida S Syarief, Nurmeida S Pela, Kartika Rosmala Dewi Rustan Effendi Saidin -, Saidin Sandjaja ., Sandjaja Sri Muljati Sudikno ., Sudikno Yekti Widodo Yulianti Wibowo, Yulianti