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Partisipasi Masyarakat Lokal Medan: Sebuah Tinjauan Atas Kriteria Nasional Pada Proses Penetapan Sebagai Cagar Budaya Isnen Fitri
Berkala Arkeologi Sangkhakala Vol 18 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1144.166 KB) | DOI: 10.24832/sba.v18i2.12

Abstract

Among the important problems encountered in the implementation of cultural heritage preservation in Indonesia nowadays is the establishment of the cultural register in national, province, or regency/city levels. Criteria in article 5 of the Law on Items of Cultural Heritage No.11/2010 are insufficient for the process of assigning historical assets as cultural heritage items. The criteria also seem to merely be a “copy and paste” of the previous law. Meanwhile, at the global level, during the last several decades, many countries have begun to adopt the concept of the important values of heritages, which is depicted in the Burra Charter as a reference to develop criteria in assigning items of cultural heritages. To improve our national criteria in the near future, this study is aimed at evaluating national criteria in article 5 based on opinions of 33 representatives of local communities in Medan, as stakeholders in the preservation of cultural heritages in the city of Medan, by performing interviews and group discussions using Nominal Group Technique or NGT. From the diverse opinions of the 33 participants obtained from the two phases of data collecting process, it is concluded that our national criteria in assigning an item of cultural heritage that were mentioned in article 5 of the Law on Items of Cultural Heritage No.11/2010 are still obscure, difficult to measure, overlapping, and not quite in line with global trend. Most participants disagree that age is used as the main criteria. There are a number of suggestions (inputs) from the participants to improve the sentences in article 5 to form criteria that are easier to measure and independent.
Local Community Participation in Establishing the Criteria for Heritage Significance Assessment of the Cultural Heritage in Medan Isnen Fitri; Yahaya Ahmad; nfn Ratna
Kapata Arkeologi Vol. 15 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Balai Arkeologi Maluku

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24832/kapata.v15i1.523

Abstract

Nilai penting adalah satu-satunya alasan yang mendasari pelestarian cagar budaya. Terbukti bahwa tidak ada masyarakat yang berupaya melestarikan aset bersejarah yang tidak mengandung nilai. Sejak penerbitan Burra Charter pada tahun 1979, banyak negara mengakui pentingnya mengidentifikasi makna atau nilai penting objek warisan budaya untuk mengembangkan kebijakan dan perencanaan dalam pengelolaannya. Saat ini, asesmen nilai penting objek warisan budaya adalah bagian dari proses penetapan aset sejarah menjadi cagar budaya. Meskipun wacana konservasi cagar budaya di Kota Medan telah berkembang sejak 1980-an, tetapi asesmen nilai penting budaya masih merupakan konsep baru untuk komunitas cagar budaya Indonesia karena tidak terdapat uraian yang jelas dalam Undang-Undang Cagar Budaya No. 11 tahun 2010. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, perlu seperangkat kriteria yang mengandung prinsip, karakteristik, kategori, dan panduan untuk membantu menetapkan apakah aset bersejarah mengandung nilai warisan budaya atau tidak dan untuk menghasilkan penilaian yang lebih akuntabel, transparan, dan konsisten. Menetapkan daftar kriteria selayaknya menjadi wilayah para akademisi dan para ahli yang dikoordinasikan oleh pihak berwenang di daerah setempat. Namun, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penetapan kriteria untuk penilaian signifikansi dapat dilakukan dengan melibatkan 33 orang masyarakat lokal melalui tiga fase pengumpulan data dan analisis antara lain survei lapangan; wawancara mendalam; pertemuan kelompok; dan kuesioner kepada 33 peserta. Akhirnya, penelitian ini menghasilkan enam kriteria untuk penilaian penetapan cagar budaya di Kota Medan yang berasal dari lima nilai: sejarah, desain atau arsitektur fisik, budaya dan spiritual, ilmiah, dan sosial. Value is the sole reason underlying heritage conservation. It is self-evident that no society makes an effort to conserve a historic asset what it does not value. Since the publication of the Burra Charter in 1979, many countries recognized the importance of identifying the cultural heritage significance or values to develop the policy and planning in heritage management. Today, the cultural significance assessment is part of the listing process of a historical asset as heritage. Although the discourse of cultural heritage conservation in Medan had evolved since the 1980s, cultural significance assessment is still a new concept for Indonesia heritage community with the absence of its description within the Indonesian Heritage Act No. 11 of 2010. For that reason, we need a set of criteria which contain principles, characteristics, categories, and guidance to help decide whether a historic asset has heritage value or not and to make the assessment results more accountable, transparent, and consistent as well. Establishing criteria for listing have traditionally been the territory of academics and experts coordinated by the authorities of the region. However, this study has shown that establishing criteria for significance assessment could be done by involving 33 local people through three phases of data collections and analyses such as field survey; in-depth interview; group meeting; and questionnaire to the 33 participants. Finally, the research revealed six criteria for the significance assessment of cultural heritage in Medan derived from five values: history, physical design or architecture, cultural and spiritual, scientific, and social.
Mengatur bebunyian di area urban di Indonesia Christina Eviutami Mediastika; Anugrah Sabdono Sudarsono; Sentagi Sesotya Utami; Isnen Fitri; Rizka Drastiani; Maria Immaculata Ririk Winandari; Akbar Rahman; Asniawaty Kusno; Ni Wayan Meidayanti Mustika; Yuliana Bhara Mberu; Ressy Jaya Yanti; Zulfi Aulia Rachman
ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur Vol 8 No 1 (2023): ARTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Arsitektur | Januari 2023 ~ April 2023
Publisher : Program Studi Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30822/arteks.v8i1.1953

Abstract

Like other developing countries where traffic is a significant sound nuisance, traffic in Indonesian urban areas is boisterous. How this condition is regulated by the Indonesian government so that the community can live healthily and comfortably is a very crucial issue. Unfortunately, Indonesia has not had any sound environmental improvement since the regulation was enacted. Additionally, regulators and government officers who run the rule carelessly worsen the condition. This study aims to study how sound is regulated in Indonesia’s central and local governments, what types of sound or noise and levels are covered, and whether recent local regulations have been enacted to regulate sound in Indonesian cities. The study mainly uses quantitative, i.e., snowball or chain referral sampling techniques, to collect sound regulations applied in ten large and busy cities in Indonesia. Then, the qualitative stage was conducted based on the content of the rules. The data shows that the Indonesian government at both the central and regional levels does not have legal standing to regulate noise caused by the absence of noise regulation at the statutory level that can force those who violate the law to be punished. The only regulation is by the Minister of Environment, dated 1996, which is referenced nationally and adopted by most cities without or with minor modifications. This study found that (1) six of the ten cities regulate only one type of noise among various types of noise, (2) twelve of the 35 local regulations incorporate noise regulations into air pollution regulations instead of stand-alone regulations, (3) because provinces and cities adopt central regulations, the lowest noise level follows the central standard at 55 dB for settlement area without specific frequency ranges, (4) there is no straightforward procedure on how measurements to be carried out except in regulations stipulated by Yogyakarta province. There is also a fact that a standardized procedure for measuring noise is vital to be included in the regulation because unskilled government officials collected invalid data in dealing with a noise complaint leading to an unresolved situation.