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All Journal Agrikultura Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Soil REns
Toto Sunarto
Departemen Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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The Effect of Neem Seed Oil (Azadirachta indica) and Clove Leaf Oil (Syzygium aromaticum) Mixture on Cabbage Head Caterpillars (Crocidolomia pavonana) Utami Dwi Ginasti; Danar Dono; Toto Sunarto
CROPSAVER Vol 3, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v3i2.29855

Abstract

Crocidolomia pavonana is one of the important pest in Brassicaceae family. The used of botanical pesticides such as neem and clove can be used as alternative control for C. pavonana. This study aimed to examine the effect of neem oil, clove oil, and its mixture to C. pavonana. This experiment was conducted from November 2019 to May 2020 at the Laboratory Pesticides and Environmental Toxicology of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The experimental method used in this research was Randomized Block Design with 21 treatments, i.e control, neem oil, clove oil, and its mixture at concentrations of 0,1%, 0,25%, 0,5%, and 1%, each treatments was replicated 3 times. The result of this experiment showed that single or mixed treatments (Neem : Clove) at consentration of 1% caused 100% larvae mortality. Mixed treatment at ratio 1:1 could inhibits the formation of pupa and imago, and could prolong the development time of larvae in instar II-III and instar II-IV. In addition, mixed treatment at ratio 2:1 was also prolong the development time of larvae in instar II-pupa, reduce food consumption, inhibit the formation of imago, and reduce the number of eggs C. pavonana.
Ketahanan Sistemik Terinduksi pada Tanaman Padi dengan Ekstrak Tumbuhan terhadap Nematoda Bengkak Akar (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels) Toto Sunarto; Tarkus Suganda; Martua Suhunan Sianipar; Aep Wawan Irawan
Agrikultura Vol 30, No 1 (2019): April, 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (400.37 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v30i1.22700

Abstract

ABSTRACTInduced systemic resistance in rice plant with plant extract to rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola Golden and Birchfiels)Rice is one of important crop that constantly infected by various pathogens. Root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne graminicola) can decrease rice productivity in Southeast Asia. These nematodes have been reported in Indonesia. Currently nematode control is focused on biological control, application of organic and inorganic materials, natural nematicide, and induction of resistance. The study was conducted in the greenhouse Department of Plant Pest and Disease, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. The purpose of this study was to obtain an effective type of plant extract as an inducer of rice plant resistance to M. graminicola. The experiment used experimental method with Randomized Block Design consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment consists of application of plant leaf extract: kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata), beluntas (Plucea indica), water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes), spinach thorn (Amaranthus spinosus), control (without plant extract), and carbofuran. The experimental results showed that the extract of beluntas (P. indica) and spinach thorn (A. spinosus) can decrease the amount of gall on the roots of rice plants, and can suppress the amount of juvenile II M. graminicola in 100 ml of soil.Keywords: Induced systemic resistance, Meloidogyne graminicola, Plant extract, RiceABSTRAKTanaman padi merupakan tanaman serealia penting di dunia. Patogen tanaman seperti jamur, bakteri, virus, dan nematoda merupakan faktor pembatas pada budidaya tanaman padi. Nematodabengkak akar (Meloidogyne graminicola) dapat menurunkan produktivitas padi di Asia Tenggara, dan nematoda ini telah dilaporkan terdapat di Indonesia. Pengendalian nematoda parasit tanaman sangat sulit, umumnya menggunakan nematisida kimia yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan. Saat ini pengendalian nematoda difokuskan pada pengendalian secara biologi, aplikasi bahan organik dan inorganik, nematisida alami, dan induksi resistensi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di rumah kaca Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk memperoleh jenis ekstrak tumbuhan yang efektif sebagai bahan penginduksi ketahanan tanaman padi terhadap M. graminicola. Penelitian menggunakan metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri dari 6 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kontrol (tanpa ekstrak tumbuhan), aplikasi ekstrak daun tumbuhan kirinyuh, beluntas, eceng gondok, bayam duri, dan karbofuran. fek ekstrak tumbuhan sebagai bahan penginduksi tanaman diuji terhadap jumlah gall pada akar, jumlah juvenile tingkat kedua (J2) M. graminicola dalam tanah, berat basah bagian atas tanaman, berat basah akar, dan tinggi tanaman padi. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ekstrak daun tanaman bayam duri dan beluntas dengan metode seed treatment (perendaman benih padi) dan soil drench (penyiraman pada tanah sekitar tanaman padi) dapat menurunkan jumlah gall pada akar padi dan tanaman padi resisten terhadap M. graminicola. Ekstrak daun bayam duri dan beluntas dapat menekan jumlah J2 M. graminicola dalam tanah dan meningkatkan berat basah akar dan tinggi tanaman padi.Kata Kunci: Ekstrak tumbuhan, Ketahanan sistemik terinduksi, Meloidogyne graminicola, Padi
Pengaruh Komposisi Pakan Buatan terhadap Perkembangbiakan Menochilus sexmaculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Sudarjat Sudarjat; Ani Rosmiyati; Toto Sunarto; Wawan Kurniawan
Agrikultura Vol 31, No 2 (2020): Agustus, 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v31i2.28816

Abstract

Menochilus sexmaculatus merupakan salah satu predator yang memangsa berbagai jenis serangga antara lain famili Aphididae, Coccidae, Diaspidae, dan Aleyrodidae yang menyerang tanaman hias, kacang-kacangan, jagung, kopi, tebu dan tembakau. Upaya perbanyakan serangga tersebut pada pakan alami seringkali menghadapi kendala. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan komposisi pakan buatan yang paling baik untuk perkembangbiakan M. sexmaculatus sehingga dapat menunjang upaya pembiakkan massal yang lebih praktis dan efisien. Penelitian menggunakan metode percobaan dengan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 8 perlakuan yaitu 7 perlakuan  pakan buatan dan 1 perlakuan pakan alami. Komposisi utama pakan buatan yang diuji adalah tepung hati ayam, tepung telur, tepung kedelai, tepung hati ayam dan tepung telur (1:1), tepung telur dan tepung kedelai (1:1), tepung kedelai dan tepung hati ayam (1:1), tepung hati ayam, tepung telur dan tepung kedelai (1:1:1), yang masing-masing dicampur bahan tambahan berupa ragi roti, gula pasir, madu, vitamin C dan vitamin E. Setiap perlakuan diulang empat kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa M. sexmaculatus yang diperbanyak pada pakan buatan dengan komposisi utama berupa 30 g tepung telur + 20 g bahan tambahan adalah komposisi pakan buatan yang paling baik dengan menghasilkan jumlah telur 157,25 butir, persentase penetasan telur 92,54%, jumlah larva 145 ekor, jumlah imago 133 ekor dan persentase kemunculan imago 91,67%.
The effect of Tofu Wastewater on Cabbage Growth and Preference of Plutella xylostella Siska Rasiska; Nasya Nabila; Danar Dono; Toto Sunarto; Ceppy Nasahi
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i1.36927

Abstract

Tofu wastewater containing a high proportion of organic compound may cause various adverse impacts, such as water pollution which bad smell and degrading the aesthetics of the environment.  The efforts uses of tofu wastewater is a organic liquid fertilizer. The aims of this study was to determine the effect of tofu wastewater on cabbage growth and preference of Plutella xylostella. The experiment was carried out from April to June 2018, at Ciparanje Experimental Field, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Padjadjaran. Randomized block design was used with nine treatment concentration of tofu wastewater consist of control 0%, 12.5%, 25%, 37.5%, 50%, 62.5%, 75%, 87.5%, 100%, and three replication. The result showed that tofu wastewater by 100% could increase the growth of cabbage. The highest female P. xylostella preference.
Aplikasi Berbagai Jenis Pupuk terhadap Serangga Terrestrial dan Pertumbuhan Tanaman Padi Hitam Vira Kusuma Dewi; Reynaldi Reynaldi; Toto Sunarto; Santika Sari; Lindung Tri Puspasari; Rika Meliansyah
Soilrens Vol 21, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Dept Ilmu Tanah & Sumberdaya Lahan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/soilrens.v21i1.49436

Abstract

Paddy field ecosystem is a complex ecosystem and build a food web. Tri-trophic interaction in paddy field involves rice plants as producers, phytophagous and neutral insects as first consumers, and their natural enemies as second consumers..This study was conducted to analyze the effect of siam weed and neem cake compost on abundance arthropod in black rice. The experiment was carried out in paddy field at Jatinangor from May to November 2018. The experimental method was used a randomized Complete Block Design with five treatment as follow neem cake, siam weed compost, cow manure, synthetic fertilizer and control) and six replications. The results showed, that arthropods abundance and plant performance including plant height, tiller number and SPAD value were higher in siam weed compost and neem cake treatment if compared with other treatments. Furthermore, there were strong correlation between insect herbivore with natural enemies in siam weed treatment.
Co-Authors Aep Wawan Irawan Ani Rosmiyati Ceppy Nasahi Danar Dono Danar Dono Lindung Tri Puspasari Martua Suhunan Sianipar Nasya Nabila Reynaldi Reynaldi RIKA MELIANSYAH Santika Sari Siska Rasiska Sudarjat Sudarjat Tarkus Suganda Utami Dwi Ginasti Vira Kusuma Dewi Wawan Kurniawan