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All Journal At-tijaroh: Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen dan Bisnis Islam Al-Masharif: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keislaman Aghniya: Jurnal Ekonomi Islam AL-FALAH : Journal of Islamic Economics Journal Of Islamic Social Finance Management JIFTECH: Journal Of Islamic Financial Technology INASJIF Jurnal AL-MAQASID: Jurnal Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Keperdataan Jurnal Penelitian Mahasiswa Ilmu Sosial, Ekonomi, dan Bisnis Islam (SOSEBI) Wealth: Journal of Islamic Banking and Finance Profetik Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah Al-masharif: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keislaman LAN TABUR: JURNAL EKONOMI SYARIAH
Lubis, Delima Sari
UIN Syekh Ali Hasan Ahmad Addary Padangsidimpuan
Religion Humanities Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Zakat and Sustainable Development: A Macroeconomic Analysis of Poverty, Inequality, and Growth in Indonesia Lubis, Delima Sari; Soemtra, Andri; Harahap, Isnaini
Lan Tabur: JURNAL EKONOMI SYARIAH Vol. 7 No. 2 (2026): In Progress (March)
Publisher : LAN TABUR: Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah The Islamic University of KH. Achmad Muzakki Syah Jember, East Java. Jember Jln. Manggar Gebang Poreng 139A Patrang Jember Jawa Timur

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53515/lt.v7i2.171

Abstract

This study examines the dynamic relationship between zakat distribution, poverty depth, income inequality, and economic growth in Indonesia within the framework of sustainable development. Using semiannual data from the first semester of 2011 to the first semester of 2025, the analysis applies a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) to capture both long-run equilibrium relationships and short-run dynamics among the variables. Poverty is measured using the Poverty Gap Index (P1), which reflects the depth and severity of poverty rather than merely its incidence. The results confirm the existence of a stable long-run cointegration relationship between zakat, poverty depth, income inequality, and economic growth. In the long run, zakat distribution shows a significant negative elasticity of −0.842, indicating that a 1% increase in zakat distribution reduces poverty depth by approximately 0.84%. Income inequality exerts the strongest structural influence with a positive elasticity of 1.915, while economic growth reduces poverty with a smaller elasticity of −0.276. The error correction term (−0.431) indicates relatively rapid adjustment toward long-run equilibrium, with about 43% of short-run disequilibrium corrected within one semester. Impulse response and variance decomposition analyses further reveal that zakat contributes meaningfully to medium- and long-term poverty dynamics. These findings suggest that zakat functions as a redistributive stabilizer embedded within the macroeconomic system, complementing economic growth and mitigating inequality. This study does not account for informal zakat flows, which may imply that the estimated macro effect is conservative. Overall, the study provides empirical support for integrating Islamic social finance into national sustainable development strategies aimed at poverty reduction and inclusive growth.
Co-Authors Abdul Hakim Siregar Abdul Hanafi Harahap Adanan Murroh Alfadri, Ferri Amarullah Lubis Annida Karima Sovia Arti Damisa Aulia, Nurhikmah ayu lestary, ayu Damri Batubara Daulay, Putri Bunga Meiliana Dewi Purnama Sari Febrida Khairani Hamni Fadlilah Nasution Harahap, Adelianna Rahmawati Harahap, Enni Eriani Harahap, Monica Ikhwanuddin Harahap Isnaini Harahap Jogina Santi Siregar Juliansyah Silitonga Lubis, Maharani Annisa M FAUZAN Mardia Khairani Matondang, Zulaikha Napitupulu, Rodame Monitorir Nasution, Asmita Mardiana Nasution, Riza Ummi Nisa Brt, Ainun Nofinawati Nofinawati, Nofinawati Nora Septini Harahap Nur Mutiah Nuraisyah Nuraisyah Nurul Qosimah Siregar Paisal Rahmat Rini Hayati Rodame Monitorir Napitupulu Sari, Cici Prawita Siregar, Fatahuddin Aziz Siregar, Febriani Siregar, Hera Rusliani Siregar, Nurhayani Siregar, Putri Handayani Soemtra, Andri Sulistia, Yulva Walidah Izzah Nabila Yuli Rahmadani Harahap Zein, Aliman Syahuri Zul Ardi Hasibuan Zulaika Matondang