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The Effect of Cash Flow on External Financing, Debt Issuance, and Equity Issuance: The Moderation Role of Board Gender Diversity Muhammad Faisal Sihite; Dony Abdul Chalid
International Journal of Accounting and Finance in Asia Pasific (IJAFAP) Vol 5, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : AIBPM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32535/ijafap.v5i2.1592

Abstract

This paper investigates the relationship between cash flow and external financing and the moderating effect of board gender diversity. It aims to explain how cash flow affects external financing with three proxies of Equity Issuance, Debt Issuance, and External Financing. This study explains how Board Gender Diversity influences Cash Flow and External Financing. This study took a sample of a company listed in the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2014 until 2019 and used Ordinary Least Square (OLS) for the regression method. The findings indicate a negative correlation between Cash Flow and External Financing. Addedly, Board Gender Diversity insignificantly affects the moderation between Cash Flow and External Financing. Keywords: Board Gender Diversity, Cash Flow, Debt Issuance, Equity Issuance, External Financing
Exploring the Implementation of the Pension Program for Severance Compensation as a Prefunding Mechanism for Post-Employment Benefits: A Reflective Case Study of a Financial Services Company Thomas Kukuh Yudiantoko; Dony Abdul Chalid
Greenation International Journal of Economics and Accounting Vol. 4 No. 3 (2026): Greenation International Journal of Economics and Accounting (July - August 202
Publisher : Greenation Research & Yayasan Global Resarch National

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/gijea.v4i3.984

Abstract

Post-employment benefit obligations create long-term financial and organizational challenges for companies, particularly when future benefit payments are exposed to liquidity constraints and regulatory changes. Although prefunding has been widely discussed in pension and accounting literature, limited empirical attention has been given to how Indonesian companies implement the Pension Program for Severance Compensation (Program Pensiun untuk Kompensasi Pesangon, PPUKP) as a context-specific mechanism for funding post-employment benefits. This study explores the implementation of PPUKP through a reflective single-case study of a financial services company in Indonesia. Using an exploratory qualitative approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with internal stakeholders and analysis of actuarial reports, internal policy documents, tax-related documents, implementation records, and financial data. The findings show that PPUKP was not implemented as a rigid full-funding mechanism, but as an adaptive and partial prefunding scheme shaped by liquidity conditions, funding capacity, regulatory considerations, governance arrangements, and stakeholder perceptions. The program helped reduce direct pressure on operational cash flow, while introducing managerial concerns related to funding adequacy, contribution sustainability, third-party fund governance, and stakeholder trust. This study contributes by positioning PPUKP as an organizational process that negotiates trade-offs between prudence, liquidity flexibility, risk management, governance, and internal legitimacy.