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All Journal Agrikultura Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Jurnal Agro Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Jurnal Biodjati Proceeding Biology Education Conference
Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena
Departemen Hama Dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

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The Effect of Methyl Eugenol Block Plus on Bactrocera dorsalis Complex Total Captured in Chili Plantation Agus Susanto; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Luciana Djaya; Tohidin Tohidin; Fauza Saputra
Jurnal Biodjati Vol 6, No 1 (2021): May
Publisher : UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/biodjati.v6i1.9708

Abstract

Fruit flies (Bactrocera spp.) are an important pest for horticultural crops, especially fruits and vegetables. One of the most effective and eco-friendly methods to control male and female fruit flies is by usingtraps that use Methyl Eugenol (ME) block plus fruit essence as an attractant. The purposes of this research were to acquire the most effective formulation of ME Block plus fruit essence to catch the most male and female fruit flies on the chili plantation and to detremine the increase in total of fruit flies caught. This research started from December 2017 to January 2018 at Cibeureum Village, Sukamantri District, Ciamis Regency, West Java Province. The research was conducted using a randomized block design consisting of 8 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments consisted of adding fruit essence to the ME block: 2 ml of ME on cotton; 2 ml of ME block; 2 ml of ME block + 4 ml of mango essence; 2 ml of ME block + 4 ml of orange essence; 2 ml of ME block + 4 ml of guava essence; 2 ml of ME block + 4 ml of star fruit essence; 2 ml of ME block + 4 ml of chili essence; Antilat (Organic pesticide) as a comparison. The results showed that ME block plus fruit essence has increased the total of male fruit flies caught, but it did not attract female fruit flies. The best combinations with the highest average of male fruit flies caught were ME block plus orange essence with 750.67/5 week, followed by ME block plus chili essence with 746.00/5 week
Populasi Hama Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata Lugens Stal.) Dan Keragaman Serangga Predatornya Pada Padi Sawah Lahan Dataran Tinggi Di Desa Panyocokan, Kecamatan Ciwidey, Kabupaten Bandung Martua Suhunan Sianipar; Luciana Djaya; Entun Santosa; RC Hidayat Soesilohadi; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Mochamad Ardiansyah
Agrikultura Vol 26, No 2 (2015): Agustus, 2015
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (416.706 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v26i2.8469

Abstract

ABSTRACTPopulation of Brown Plant Hopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) and the Diversity of Its Natural Enemyin Highland Paddy Rice Field in the Village of Panyocokan, Ciwidey District, Bandung RegencyBrown lanthopper/BPH (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) is a main pest of rice in the field. This researchwas aimed to study the population of BPH and the diversity of its natural enemy in highland paddyrice field. The survey was conducted in three paddy plots (15 m x 20 m) located in the village ofPanyocokan, Ciwidey District, Bandung Regency, West Java. The experiment was conducted in thegreenhouse of the Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, UniversitasPadjadjaran. The samples of insects were collected systematically using yellow trap and net trap,and visually observed in each rice cluster. The number of BPH were recorded and accumulatedeach week. Fecundity, life cycle, and sex ratio of the new generation of BPH were observed in 3replications by using 1 pair of WBC on each replication. The result showed that the population ofBPH in the highland was below 10, which means that BPH population was still below theeconomic threshold and control threshold. Temperature, humidity, and rainfall did notsignificantly affect the BPH population. This was indicated by the regression analysis of eachtemperature (Y = 0.557-8.167x; R2 = 0.039; P = 0.465), humidity (Y = -0.077+ 9.112x; R2 = 0.045; P =0.428), and rainfall (Y = -0.118 + 3.412x; R2 = 0.136; P = 0.159). Natural enemy diversity indextended to fluctuate widely from low to moderate. In the temperature range from 21.1°C to 34.8°C,BPH could produce 127-207 new generation during its lifetime. BPH needed an average of 37.66days to produce a new generation. The ratio of male to female was 1.06 : 1.Keywords: population, brown planthopper, diversity, predator, highland paddy rice field, Ciwidey,BandungABSTRAKHama wereng batang cklat/WBC (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) merupakan hama utama tanaman padi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari populasi WBC dan keragaman musuh alaminya padatanaman padi sawah di dataran tinggi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei dan eksperimen.Survei dilakukan pada 3 petak lahan percobaan berukuran 15 mx 20 m bertempat di DesaPanyocokan, Kecamatan Ciwidey, Kabupaten Bandung dan eksperimen dilakukan di rumah kacaDepartemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran. Metodepengambilan sampel dilakukan secara diagonal sistematis. Populasi WBC ditentukan denganmenggunakan perangkap kuning dan perangkap jaring dan dengan pengamatan langsung padarumpun padi. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan meletakkan sepasang WBC dalam wadah, lalu diamatikeperidian, siklus hidup, dan sex ratio keturunannya. WBC yang tertangkap dihitung jumlahnyadan diakumulasikan setiap minggunya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepadatan populasi dilahan survey di bawah 10 ekor/rumpun yang artinya populasi WBC masih di bawah ambangekonomi atau ambang kendali. Suhu, kelembaban, dan curah hujan tidak memberikan pengaruhyang signifikan terhadap populasi WBC. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan analisis regresi masingmasingpada suhu (Y= 0,557 – 8,167x; R2 = 0,039; P= 0,465), kelembaban (Y = -0,077 + 9,112x; R2 =0,045; P = 0,428), dan curah hujan (Y = -0,118 + 3,412x; R2 = 0,136; P = 0,159). Indeks keragamanmusuh alami cenderung mengalami fluktuasi dari rendah sampai sedang. Pada kisaran suhu 21,1oC–34,8oC, hasil pengamatan keperidian menunjukkan WBC dapat menghasilkan 127-207 individubaru selama masa hidupnya. Pada pengamatan siklus hidup, WBC memerlukan rata-rata 37,66 harisampai menghasilkan generasi baru. Pengamatan sex ratio menunjukkan perbandingan (jantan :betina) 1,06 :1.Kata kunci: populasi, wereng batang coklat, keragaman, predator, sawah, dataran tinggi, Ciwidey,Bandung
Uji In Vitro Keefektifan Ekstrak Air Daun Dan Bunga Kembang Telang (Clitoria ternatea l.) terhadap Jamur Alternaria solani Penyebab Penyakit Bercak Coklat pada Tanaman Tomat Tarkus Suganda; Pini Komalasari; Endah Yulia; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena
Agrikultura Vol 31, No 2 (2020): Agustus, 2020
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v31i2.28909

Abstract

Penyakit bercak coklat (Alternaria solani) merupakan salah satu penyakit yang sangat merugikan pada tanaman tomat. Umumnya penyakit ini dikendalikan dengan penggunaan fungisida sintetik, tetapi selain menyebabkan dampak buruk bagi lingkungan, patogen ini juga mampu berubah menjadi tidak sensitif lagi terhadap bahan aktif fungisida sintetik yang digunakan.  Beberapa penelitian melaporkan bahwa ekstrak tumbuhan dapat menekan berbagai patogen. Tanaman kembang telang diketahui memiliki sifat antimikroba terhadap berbagai mikroorganisme. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan ekstrak air daun dan bunga kembang telang dalam menekan A. solani secara in vitro. Percobaan dilakukan dengan metode eksperimen menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap terdiri atas empat konsentrasi ekstrak daun (0, 3, 6, dan 9%) dan empat konsentrasi ekstrak bunga (0, 5, 10, 15%) yang diperoleh berdasarkan uji LC50 pendahuluan. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak air daun maupun bunga memperlihatkan penekanan terhadap pertumbuhan koloni jamur A. solani.  Penekanan tertinggi ekstrak air daun maupun bunga masing-masing pada konsentrasi 9% (34,78%) dan 15% (38,97%). Ekstrak air daun mampu menurunkan produksi konidia A. solani pada konsentrasi 9% yaitu 3,0 x 103 konidia/ml, sementara pada konsentrasi 15%, ekstrak air bunga kembang telang menekan total produksi konidia A. solani. Penghambatan tertinggi terhadap perkecambahan konidia (58,33%) ditunjukkan oleh ekstrak air daun kembang telang 3% sedangkan oleh ekstrak air bunga kembang telang sebesar 75,00% oleh konsentrasi 5%.  Kemampuan antisporulasi dari ekstrak air daun dan bunga kembang telang lebih dominan dibandingkan kemampuan fungistatik maupun kemampuan fungisidalnya.
Penambahan Gula untuk Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Antagonisme Khamir Rhodotorula minuta terhadap Colletotrichum acutatum Penyebab Antraknosa Cabai secara In-vitro Sri Hartati; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Noor Istifadah; Sri Rosmala Dewi
Agrikultura Vol 29, No 2 (2018): Agustus, 2018
Publisher : Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (977.875 KB) | DOI: 10.24198/agrikultura.v29i2.19251

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe addition of sugar to increase the growth and antagonism of Rhodotorula minuta against Colletotrichum acutatum, the causal agent of anthracnose on chilli in-vitroBiocontrol can be used as an alternative in controlling anthracnose disease on chilli caused by Colletotrichum acutatum. One of the antagonistic agents that reported to be able to control anthracnose on chilli is Rhodotorula minuta. Some sugars can be utilized by R. minuta for its growth and antagonism. This research was objected to study the effect of addition of some sugars to increase the growth and antagonism of R. minuta. The experiment was arranged in the completely randomized design with 16 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were addition of glucose, sucrose, trehalose, D-mannitol, and D-xylose at 1%, 2.5% and 5% each. The results showed that the addition of glucose, sucrose, trehalose, D-mannitol, and D-xylose were able to increase the growth of R. minuta. The addition of glucose, sucrose, trehalose, and D-mannitol increased antagonism of R. minuta. The addition of 1% sucrose was able to stimulate the highest growth rate of R. minuta at the cell density of 3.87 x 107 cells/ml. The addition of trehalosa 2.5% increased the colony growth at 3 and 6 days after treatment. Sucrose 2.5%, D-manitol 5%, and glukosa 2,5% caused the highest relative inhibition of R. minuta against C. acutatum.Key words: antagonistic yeast, glucose, sucrose, trehalose, D-mannitol, D-xyloseABSTRAKPengendalian hayati dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada cabai. Salah satu agens antagonis yang telah dilaporkan mampu mengendalikan penyakit antraknosa pada cabai yang disebabkan oleh Colletotrichum acutatum adalah khamir Rhodotorula minuta. Beberapa gula dapat dimanfaatkan oleh R. minuta untuk pertumbuhan dan antagonismenya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan beberapa gula untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan antagonisme R. minuta. Percobaan dilakukan dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari 16 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari penambahan gula glukosa, sukroa, trehalosa, D-mannitol dan D-xylose dengan konsentrasi masing-masing gula 1%, 2,5% dan 5%. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa penambahan gula glukosa, sukrosa, trehalosa, D-mannitol, dan D-xylose dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan R. minuta. Penambahan gula glukosa, sukrosa, trehalosa, dan D-mannitol dapat meningkatkan antagonisme R. minuta. Perlakuan penambahan gula sukrosa 1% merupakan perlakuan yang dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan R. minuta dengan kerapatan sel tertinggi yaitu sebesar 3,87 x 107 sel/ml. Penambahan trehalosa 2,5% dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan koloni pada 3 HSP dan 6 HSP. Sukrosa 2,5%, D-manitol 5% dan glukosa 2,5% menyebabkan tingkat hambatan relatif R. minuta tertinggi terhadap C. acutatum.Kata kunci : Khamir antagonis, glukosa, sukrosa, trehalosa, D-mannitol, D-xylosa
Toksisitas ekstrak biji Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae) terhadap mencit putih (Mus musculus Strain DDY) Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Danar Dono; Ivan Febriana
Jurnal Agro Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/3589

Abstract

Salah satu tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai pestisida nabati adalah Bitung (Baringtonia asiatica) yang teruji mengandung terpenoid dan saponin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  mengetahui toksisitas ekstrak kasar (B. asiatica) terhadap mencit putih (Mus musculus) dan potensinya sebagai rodentisida nabati. Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan rancangan percobaan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL). Pengujian toksisitas B. asiatica terhadap mencit dilakukan secara oral dengan menghitung LD50 menggunakan metode analisis probit. Pengamatan perilaku mencit yang keracunan ekstrak B.asiatica dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Wagner & Wolff.  Pengamatan perubahan fisiologis mencit yang teracuni ekstrak metanol biji B. asiatica dilakukan dengan menggunakan kandang metabolisme (Nalgane Metabolic Cages). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji B. asiatica bersifat toksik terhadap mencit putih (M. musculus) dengan nilai LD50 = 2022 ppm atau 0,2022% dan digolongkan ke dalam skala toksistas 3 yaitu senyawa dengan toksisitas sedang. Ekstrak B. asiatica mempengaruhi sistem syaraf pusat dan dapat mengakibatkan perubahan pada organ detoksifikasi. Ekstrak biji B. asiatica dapat meningkatkan produksi urin, menurunkan laju konsumsi dan produksi feses, dan menurunkan pertumbuhan bobot mencit. Dengan demikian ekstrak biji B. asiatica berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan aktif rodentisida. One of the plants that potentially as botanical pesticides is the Bitung (Baringtonia asiatica) which is tested contained of terpenoid and saponin. This research aimed was to determine the toxicity of crude extracts (B. asiatica) to white mice (Mus musculus) and their potential as botanical rodenticides. The research used an experimental method with complete randomized design. B. asiatica toxicity testing in mice was carried out orally by calculating LD50 using the probit analysis method. Observation of the behavior of B.asiatica extract poisoning mice was carried out using the Wagner & Wolff method. The physiological experience of mice which were poisoned by the methanol extract of B. asiatica seeds was carried out using a cage (Nalgane Metabolic Cages). The results showed that B. asiatica seed extract was toxic to white mice (M. musculus) with LD50 = 2022 ppm or 0.2022% and classified into toxicity scale 3, namely compounds with moderate toxicity. B. asiatica extract affects the central nervous system and in turn detoxifying organs. B. asiatica seed extract can increase urin production, reduce the rate of consumption and facial production, and reduce the weight level of mice. Therefore that B. asiatica seed extract potentially to be developed as an active ingredients of rodenticides.
Pengaruh Penambahan Beberapa Esens Buah pada Perangkap Metil Eugenol terhadap Ketertarikan Lalat Buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks pada Pertanaman Mangga di Desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka Agus Susanto; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Lindung Tri Puspasari; Neng Inne Nur Atami
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 22, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.27001

Abstract

Fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis Complex) is one of the major pests in horticultural commodities in Indonesia. In this present study, a control method of formulating methyl eugenol and the addition of fruit essences was tested to attract B. dorsalis Complex. The objective was to find out the effect of fruit essences addition in the performance of methyl eugenol in attracting fruit flies and to obtain the most effective fruit essences for attracting male and female fruit flies. The experiment was conducted on mango plantation in Pasirmuncang village, Majalengka, West Java from March 2016 until December 2016. Several synthetic fruit essences which were separately added to methyl eugenol in this experiment were mango, citrus, guava, and starfruit essences. The results showed that the addition of fruit essences on methyl eugenol traps had the same effectiveness  or as good as  any single methyl eugenol trap. Moreover, the additions of mango and orange essences  were not effective enough in attracting female fruit flies, although the number of female fruit flies that were caught were more than the other treatments. IntisariLalat buah Bactrocera dorsalis Kompleks merupakan salah satu hama utama pada komoditas hortikultura. Pada penelitian ini, metode pengendalian dengan memformulasikan metil eugenol dan tambahan esens buah diuji untuk menarik B. dorsalis Kompleks. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui efek penambahan esens buah pada kinerja perangkap metil eugenol dalam menarik lalat buah serta untuk mendapatkan esens buah yang efektif untuk menarik lalat buah betina. Penelitian ini dilakukan di perkebunan mangga di desa Pasirmuncang, Majalengka, Jawa Barat dari bulan Maret 2016 hingga bulan Desember 2016. Beberapa jenis esens buah sintetik yang secara terpisah ditambahkan pada metil eugenol pada percobaan ini adalah mangga, jeruk, jambu biji, dan belimbing. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan esens buah pada perangkap metil eugenol memiliki keefektifan yang sama baiknya dengan perangkap metil eugenol secara tunggal. Selain itu, penambahan esens mangga dan esens jeruk belum cukup efektif dalam menarik lalat buah betina meskipun jumlah lalat buah betina yang tertangkap lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya.
Biologi dan Perilaku Kawin Sycanus annulicornis Dohrn. (Hemiptera: Reduvidae) yang diberi Pakan Larva Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Abdul Sahid; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Hersanti Hersanti; Sudarjat Sudarjat; Entun Santosa
Proceeding Biology Education Conference: Biology, Science, Enviromental, and Learning Vol 13, No 1 (2016): Prosiding Seminar Nasional XII Biologi
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Sycanus annulicornis Dohrn. is an important predatory insect in controlling plant pests especially in soybean and rice plants. These predatory insects have a wide range of prey, especially of the order Lepidoptera. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and development of S. annulicoris fed on Tenebrio molitor L. larvae, as well as to study the mating behaviour. Growth and development of S. annulicornis reared in the laboratory were evaluated by observing the egg incubation period, fecundity, fertility, development stage and number of nymphs, nymphal mortality, sex ratio, longevity of adult insects, and the life cycles. The results showed that the egg incubation period of S. annulicornis was 15–19 days. Females laid eggs 6–9  days as much as 1–4 days after copulation egg groups containing an average of 81 ± 40 eggs for each group of eggs. The average time of the development of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th instar, respectively, were 16.6 ± 1.5; 15.1 ± 2.5; 12.0 ± 2.9; 12.4 ± 2.3; and 19.8 ± 2.1 days, with the sex ratio of male : female was 3 : 4. The nymphal mortality only was observed on 1st and 2nd instar with the precentage, respectively, were 35.2 ± 6.5% and 1.2 ± 1.6%. The mean longevity for female and male adults was 48 ± 6 and 39 ± 5 days, respectively. The life cycle of S. annulicornis for male and female were 141 ± 7 and 127 ± 8 days, respectively. Mating behaviours observed on these species comprised arousal and approach (5.2 ± 3.4 min), riding over (5.8 ± 2.7 sec), copulation (14.8 ± 3.2 min), and post-copulation (149.6 ± 188.3 min). Post-copulatory cannibalism was not observed in this species.
Potency of Yeasts Isolated from Shallot Rhizosphere to Control Basal Rot (Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae) Disease on Shallot Sri Hartati; Risma Yuniah Nur’haqi; Wahyu Daradjat Natawigena; Tarkus Suganda
CROPSAVER Vol 5, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/cropsaver.v5i1.38099

Abstract

One of the major diseases of shallots is basal rot disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae (FOC). Biocontrol agents can be used as an environmentally friendly control method. Some yeasts isolated from the rhizosphere may have the potencies to control soilborne plant pathogen such as FOC. This study was objected to obtain yeast isolates from the rhizosphere of shallots that have the potencies to control basal rot. The first step was isolation of yeasts from the rhizosphere of shallots and isolation of FOC. The yeast isolates were then tested for their potencies in suppressing FOC in vitro and decreasing the basal rot disease on the shallot plants. There were ten yeast isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of shallot, in which seven isolates were non pathogenic to shallot plant. These seven isolates were further tested  for their potencies in controlling FOC and basal rot disease. The results showed that those isolates were able to inhibit the colony growth of FOC by 16,11% - 38,33% in the in vitro dual culture test, and 21,11% - 38,89% in the production of volatile compound test. The isolates also suppressed the basal rot disease incidences by 8,30% - 24,98%. Isolates Cm2 and Cm3 caused the highest disease suppression (24,98%).
Co-Authors Abdul sahid Agus Susanto Danar Dono Endah Yulia Yulia Entun Santosa Entun Santosa Fauza Saputra Hersanti - Ivan Febriana Lindung Tri Puspasari Luciana Djaya Martua Suhunan Sianipar Mochamad Ardiansyah Neng Inne Nur Atami Noor Istifadah Pini Komalasari R.C. Hidayat Soesilohadi Risma Yuniah Nur’haqi Sri Hartati Sri Rosmala Dewi Sudarjat Sudarjat Tarkus Suganda Tohidin Tohidin