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PENELAAHAN PENGARUH WAKTU PENGKONDISIAN DAN PENGGUNAAN PARAFIN PADA CONTOH UJI TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA PAPAN PARTIKEL Adi Santoso; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 20, No 1 (2002): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2002.20.1.86-93

Determination of the formaldehyde emission from particleboard can correspond to the American and Japan Standards. However, the difference in preparing the test sample of particlebourd can bring about different results on the determination of such formaldehyde emission. this report deals with assessing the effect of conditioning duration and the use of paraffin in preparing the test sample of particleboard in accordance with both American and Japan Standars on the formaldehyde emission.The results revealed that conditioning duration and the me of puroffin affected significantly theemission of formaldehyde from the tested sample of particleboard the longer the duration, the lower, the emission level. Meanwhile, the use of paraffin on the particleboard sample tended to lower its formaldehyde emission than the one from the sample without paraffin. The relation between conditioning duration (X) and formaldehyde emission (Y) could further be expressed in linear regression equations with significant negative correlation coefficients (r) as follows: Without paraffinY = 4.20- 0.27X ( r = - 0. 9348); US standardY = 12.68- 0.98X ( r = - 0. 9433 ); Japan standard with paraffin.Y= 2.75 - 0.22X ( r = - 0.9756); US standardY = R.46 - 0.33X ( r = - 0.9824); Japan standard At a given conditioning duration, the average emission of formaldehyde from the particleboard with paraffin decreased by 1.61 µg/mm (according to American Standards) and 2.14 µg/ml (according to Japan Standard). Therefore, such figures confirmed the case that different sample preparation to particleboard in accordance with American and Japan Standards brought about different levels of formaldehyde emission.

SIFAT PAPAN BLOK DENGAN INTI LIMBAH EKSPLOITASI HUTAN LAMPUNG Suwandi Kliwon; M I Iskandar; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Blockboards of six wood species of logging waste from Lampung as core strip material were manufactured in the laboratory, and their physical and mechanical properties were tested.The average value of moisture content, board density and strip density were 10.09%, 0.63 g/cm3 and 0.49 g/cm3, respectively. Bending strength parallel to the grain varied between 690.47 kg/cm2 (red meranti) and 1041.99 kg/cm2 (keruing). The bending strength perpendicular to the grain varied between 112.40 kglcm2 (Bima) and 319.90 kg/cm2 (Pulai), and bending strength parallel to the grain were significantly affected by wood species, but bending strength perpendicular to the grain were not.

SIFAT PAPAN WOL KAYU DARI SEMBILAN-JENIS KAYU KALIMANTAN BARAT I M Sulastiningsih; Rozak Memed; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 4 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1990.8.4.134-139

The results of laboratory test of ioood-wool board properties made /Tont nine wood species obtained from West Ka• limantan province are reported in this paper. The properties tested were board density, moisture eontent.. thickness reduction due to compreuion and bending strength.The study revealed that the averageyield of uiood-taoo! was 365.4 kg per cubic meter of log input. The wood-wool of Shorea smithiana Sym. must be soaked in cold water for 24 hours prior to manufacturing of uood-uoo; board, whereaathe other apecieadid .not require soaking.The physical and mechanical properties of uiood-wool boards made from Bix wood apecies catalyzed either with CaCl2 solution or Ca(OH)2 BUBpenaion meet the DIN 1101 standard.

SIFAT VENIR DAN KAYU LAPIS 9 JENIS KAYU DARI JAWA BARAT M I lskandar; Suwandi Kliwon; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 9, No 2 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

A study result on the suitability of 9 wood species from West Java as raw material for veneer and plywood is reported in this paper study conaisted of log peeling characteristic, veneer property and some physical/ mechanical properties of plywood (triplex and multiplex):All of the logs from 9 wood species could be peeled in cold condition, producing 1.5 mm veneer at a cuting angle between 90°30-91°30. The average shrinkage of veneer is 7.21%, with a minimum of 4.08% (Enteroloblum) and maximum 10. 75% (keruing). Veneer swelling from oven-dry to air-dry condition varied between 2.04% (Enterolobium) and 4.28% (Damar) with an average of 2.93%.The bonding strength of plywood from 6 wood species (66%.) conform with the Indonesian standard fo type 11 or water resistant, all wood species conform with Japanese and German standard.The specific gravity of multiplex (0,60) is higher than triplex (0,58). Some mechanical properties of multiplex are higher than triplex.

PENELAAHAN PENGARUH WAKTU PENGKONDISIAN DAN PENGGUNAAN PARAFIN PADA CONTOH UJI TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA KAYU LAPIS *) Adi Santoso; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 18, No 2 (2000): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2000.18.2.79-86

Pada penetapan emisi formaldehida dari kayu lapis berdasarkan Standar Amerika dan Standar Jepang, perbedaan dalam persiapan contoh uji dapat menyebabkan nilai emisi formaldehida yang diperoleh berbeda pula. Dalam tulisan ini dikemukakan tentang pengaruh waktu pengkondisian (conditioning) dan penggunaan parafin pada contoh uji terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaruh waktu pengkondisian dan penggunaan parafin pada contoh uji terhadap emisi formaldehida kayu lapis adalah sangat nyata. Semakin lama waktu pengkondisian, makin rendah emisi formaldehida kayu lapis, sementara untuk kayu lapis yang diberi parafin menghasilkan emisi formaldehida yang lebih rendah daripada yang tanpa parafin. Hubungan antara waktu pengkondisian (X) dengan emisi formaldehida (Y.) dapat dinyatakan dengan persamaan regresi, dengan koefisien korelasi nyata (r) sebagai berikut:- tanpa parafinY = 5,1 -0,52X (r = - 0,9246); menurut StandarAmerikaY= 10,93 - 1,32 X ( r = - 0,9433); menurut Standar Jepang- dengan parafin,Y = 483 - 0,43X (r = - 0,9756); menurut Standar AmerikaY = 9,01 - 0,9X (r = - 0,9824); menurut StandarJepangDalam hal ini terjadi penurunan emisi formaldehida dari contoh kayu lapis bila diberi parajin dibandingkan dengan tanpa parafin. Nilai rata-rata emisi formaldehida pada kayu lapis yang diberi parafin berkurang sebanyak 0,69 µg/ml (16,6%) daripada tanpa parafin menurut Standar Amerika, dan 0,57 µg/ml (8.5%) menurut Standar Jepang.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN UREA DAN MELAMIN PADA PEREKAT UREA FORMALDEHIDA TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA DAN SIFAT FISIS-MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL Paribotro Sutigno; Adi Santoso
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 5 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The formaldehyde emtsston of particleboard bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) can affect health, especially if it is used in a room with limited ventilation. To reduce formaldehyde emission, the glue can be mixed with catching agent. In this report, the effect of using urea and melamine as catching agents on formaldehyde emission, and on the physical and mechanical properties of UF bonded particleboard is described.The effect of percentage of catching agent on formaldehyde emission is highly significant. The higher the percentage of catching agent, the lower formaldehyde emission of particleboard. On ureamelamine (U/M) ratio of 4, the formaldehyde emission of particleboard can meet American and Japanese Standard on the percentage of 5, 10 and 15%, while on U/M ratio of 7 and 10, the formaldehyde emission can conform the standards on the percentage of 10 and 15%. The effect of addition of urea and melamine was significant and even highly significant on the physical and mechanical properties, but not on the shear strength. The effect of U/M ratio was either not significant.Key words : particleboard, urea-melamine, formaldehyde emission, physical and mechanical properties.

PENGARUH FUMIGASI AMONIUM HIDROKSIDA TERHADAP EMISI FORMALDEHIDA KAYU LAPIS DAN PAPAN PARTIKEL Adi Santoso; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 22, No 1 (2004): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The formaldehyde emmision of panel products such as plywood and particleboard bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) may affect health, especially when they are used in a room with poor ventilation. To reduce formaldehyde emission, the products can be fumigated by a chemical agent. This paper described the effect of fumigation by ammonium hydroxide 25% on formaldehyde emission of UF bonded plywood and particleboard.The effect of fumigation by ammonium hydroxide on formaldehyde emission of plywood and particleboard are higly significant. The longer the fumigation by ammonium hydroxide, the lower the formaldehyde emission of plywod and particleboard. Fumigation by ammonium hydroxide of 1 hour and 1. 5 hours, the formaldehyde emission of plywood and particleboard can meet Japanese Standard on the mean value of 0.632 mg/I and 0.349 mg/I for plywood, and 4.594 mg/l and 2.225 mg/l for particleboard. Meanwhile, fumigation on particleboard of 1. 5 hours and on plywood of all treatment 0.5 to 1.5 hours, the formaldehyde emission can conform with American Standard on the mean value of 0.261 mg/l for particleboard and 0.154 to 0.042 mg/I for plywood. On the basis of formaldehyde emission standards, it is recomended than the fumigation by ammmonium hydroxide 25% may be used in plywood for 70 minutes and on particleboard for 80 minutes.

PENGARUH SENYAWA BORON TERHADAP BEBERAPA SIFAT PAPAN PARTIKEL KARET (Hevea brasiliensis) Rodjak Memed; I M Sulastiningsih; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 10, No 5 (1992): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The objective of the study was to determine the effect of boron concentration and resin proportion on some properties of rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) particleboard. Boron concentrations used were 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0. 75 and 1.0%, and resin proportions in urea formaldehyde were 10, 12 and 14% dry weight basis.The results indicated that the addition of boron compound to porticleboard reduced the values of bending strength, internal bond strength and shear strength but increased the thickness swelling and water absorption of particleboard. Mechanical properties of particleboard increased with the increase of resin proportion. Thickness swelling and water absorption decreased as the resin proportion increases. Physical and mechanical properties of particleboard treated with boron compound up to 1% cocentration level and bonded with urea formaldehyde at 12% or 14% resin propotions were all met the SII standard requirements, except for internal bond strength. Compared with FAO standard, particleboards that met all the standard requirements were those with 14% resin proportion.

KAJIAN BIAYA PRODUKSI, HARGA POKOK DAN BATAS KEUNTUNGAN PADA PENGOLAHAN PRODUK BERSAMA PENGERJAAN KAYU Setiasih lrawati; l M Sulastiningsih; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 8 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The study on production cost, base price and profit margin was conducted in wood working industry using sawn timber of perupuk (Lophopetalum spp.), meranti (Shorea spp.), damar (Agathis spp.) and jangkang (Xylopia spp.) for various joint products. The products were moulding, S4S. Solid jointed board, finger jointed board, finger jointed stick and door jamb. There were five products of perupuk, two of meranti, two of'jangkang and one of damar.The results of tire study showed that the method of joint cost calculation used by the mill was average cost per unit method. Production costs of jangkang and damar wood working products were higher than those of meranti and perupuk. The average proponion of raw materials, wages and others on the total production cost was respectively 62%, 4/% and 34%. Proportion of wage cost was small, on the contrary, proportion of other production cost was relatively high. Among ten kinds of wood working joint products, only three yielded a positive profit margin, namely, moulding, S4S and finger jointed board of perupuk.Based on the average cost per unit method the raw material cost, production cost and base price of S4S were lower than those of finger jointed stick. This results was irrational since the raw material cost of S4S should be more expensive than that of finger jointed stick. Consequently, the average cost per unit method was not suitable for joint cost distributing method of wood working joint products. Therefore. it is suggested for replacing this method with one that considers quality and price of raw material and the product selling price.

SIFAT VENIR DAN KAYU LAPIS 7 JENIS KAYU DARI MALUKU M I Iskandar; Suwandi Kliwon; Paribotro Sutigno
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The characteristics studied are peeling properties, physical properties of the veneer, gluing properties and some physical and mechanical properties of the plywood (both triplex and multiplex).All logs from the 7 wood species could be peeled satisfactorily in cold condition. Veneer of 0.9 mm and 1.5 mm thickness could be produced at a cutting angle between 91°-93°.Average shrinkage of the veneer is 7%. Average swelling from oven dry condition is 3%.Water resistant, bonding strength for all wood species studied meet Indonesian, Japanese and German standards. Average thickness reduction due to pressing in the plywood manufacturing process is 0.15 mm.Specific gravity of the plywood is about 6 percent higher than that of the wood from which it is made of

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