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NILAI EKONOMI KAYU DARI HUTAN RAKYAT DI SUKABUMI JAWA BARAT Sylviani Sylviani; Boen M Purnama; Ali Saiban
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 14, No 9 (1996): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Pemanfaatan kayu rakyat oleh Industri pengolahan kayu di Sukabumi adalah untuk peti kemas, palet, mebel, gulungan kabel serta bahan bangunan. Kebutuhan bahan per bulan untuk semua produk adalah 1.313,7 m3. Jenis kayu yang digunakan adalali 70% sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), 30% kayu rakyat lainnya. Pemanfaatan terbesar adalah untuk memproduksi peti kemas (43%). Rata-rata rendemen adalah 67,2%.Nilai tamban untuk setiap m3 bahan baku adalah sebesar Rp 58.231,- setara dengan 83,2% dari harga bahan baku. Tambahan biaya pengolahan adalah sebesar Rp 197.611,- per m3 bahan baku. Tambahan laba industri pengolahan kayu rakyat adalah sebesar Rp 162.050,- per m3 bahan baku.Tambahan biaya pengolahan bagi pedagang kayu adalah Rp 6.038.400,- per bulan atau Rp. 46.737,62 per m3. Dengan total volume penjualan 129,2 m3 usaha perdagangan kayu memberikan tambahan keuntungan sebesar Rp 3.063.500,- atau Rp 23.711,30 per m3. Secara keseluruhan pemanfaatan kayu rakyat bagi industri dan pedagang kayu dapat memberikan tambahan keuntungan yang cukup tinggi sebesar Rp 185.761,30 per m3. Dengan potensi hutan rakyat yang cukup besar di wilayah Sukabumi masih dimungkinkan untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah pemanfaatan kayu rakyat melalui usaha penganekaragaman jenis produk.

KAJIAN EKONOMI PEMANFAATAN KAYU UNTUK BARANG KERAJINAN Sylviani Sylviani
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 13, No 7 (1995): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1995.13.7.275-282

Processing of wood for handycraft is one way to increase added value through belier wood utilization. Research on wood handycraft was in Central Java. The study indicated that total added value for eight kind of product is Rp. 23.355,000 for every m3 input. Although cost of production increased up to Rp. 11.005.550 for every m3 input the profit increase to Rp. 7.202.000 for every m3 input leaving handycarft in a better off situation. The profit depend on the cost of production.Abded value were distributed into various factory variables such as overhead 12, 67 percent, labour 40.44 percent. materials 7.30 percent and management 39,56 percent.Total employment absorbed in producing all products were 29.290 mandays or 205.030man hours a year. However, handycraft industry were facmg various problems. aspecially on raw materials and capital.

PERKEMBANGAN IMPORT KAYU DARI BEBERAPA INDUSTRI DI INDONESIA Sylviani Sylviani; Satyawati Hadi
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 18, No 3 (2000): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2000.18.3.153-162

Impor kayu Indonesia dari beberapa negara di dunia telah dilakukan sejak tahun 1998 dengan nilai sebesar U.S $ 86.223.235. Ada beberapa alasan Indonesia melakukan impor kayu antara lain : berdasarkan pesanan dan adanya koordinasi dengan pihak pembeli untuk pengembangan produk baru. Beberapa jenis kayu yang diimpor antara lain : Red Oak. White Oak, Yellow Birch, Beech, Walnut, Sapele, Apromosia, Maple dan lain-lain.Beberapa produk yang dihasilkan antara lain : Kayu lapis lndah, Papan blok indah, parket lantai dan alat rumah tangga. Kayu lapis indah yang diproduksi tahun 1997 dan tahun 1998 masing-masing sebesar 1.400 m3 dan 2.600 m3 sedangkan parket lantai diproduksi tahun 1998 sebesar 22.834 m3.Rata-rata harga ekspor kayu lapis indah jenis Sapele adalah US $ 481,52 per m3 papan blok indah Sapele adalah US $ 300,35 dan Parket lantai US $ 1.478,10 per m3.Beberapa masalah yang timbul dalam impor kayu antara lain kayu impor dikhawatirkan disinyalir berasal dari dalam negeri sendiri, impor kayu yang tidak dikenakan pajak mendorong pengusaha industri kayu bebas mengimpor kayu.

ANALISIS BIAYA DAN PENDAPATAN PENGOLAHAN GONDORUKEM DAN TERPENTIN DI BEBERAPA PABRIK DI JAWA TENGAH Sylviani Sylviani; Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 6 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.6.373-379

Collophonium industrial development in Central Java serves two purposes, i.e, a new source of income, and improving the product efficiency for Perhutani state forest enterprise.Based on research results on four collophonium industries, the production costs ranging from Rp 109.37 ta Rp. 140. 70 with an average of Rp 127.46/kg with 10% coefficient of variation. The production costs elements consisting of manufacturing cost (Rp 120.28/kg) representief 94% of the total costs and Rp 7.18/kg for administrative cost. The average Profit before tax for the mill run by Perhutani was found to be Rp 40.12/kg, while those run by the private sector was as high as Rp 44.66/kg.

ANALISIS BIAYA DAN TENAGA KERJA PADA BEBERAPA KILANG PENGGERGAJIAN DI SUMATERA SELATAN Sylviani Sylviani; Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 7, No 4 (1990): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

The result of research on several sawmills in South Sumatera showed that average level of manager productivity is 7.563 Cu.m/man/annum, administration productivity is 3.220 Cu.m/man/annum, tecnician productivity is 74 Cu.m/man/annum. Average labor requirements are 9 men/1.000 Cu.m of the design capacity and 10 men/1.000 Cu.m of raw material.Cost of production of sawntimber showed an average of Rp 184.808,-/Cu.m, in which the processing cost alone ranked high up to an average of 83 %, marketing cost 10 %, and general cost 7 %. Profit generated of each mill per annum ranged from Rp 891.060.692,- to Rp 3.165.279.700,- or equivalent to an average of Rp 80.053 per Cu.m.

NILAI TAMBAH PRODUKSI MOULDING DARI BEBERAPA PERUSAHAAN DI JAWA TIMUR DAN SUMATERA SELATAN Sylviani Sylviani; Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 3 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Study about added value have done in relation with the diversification of wood working. Product of moulding Is one of the export product commondity which could contribute to increase foreign exchange earning. The obyective of the study is to conduct a study on several sawmills in South Sumatera and East Java.Average sawn timber waste and sawntimber that could be produce are 14. 600,50 cu. meter per industry each year. Those material which can be processed into moulding is 4.919, 75 cu. meter a year. Rendement of moulding that originated from sawntimber waste is less than 25 percent, and the one from sawn timber is 50 percent.The factory added value which yields profit is 226.863.832 rupiahs a year or 28.559 rupiahs per cu.m moulding. Income share distributed among of equipment factors are 34.273,50 rupiahs per cu.m (35,8 percent), labour 26.000 rupiahs per cu.m (27,2 percent), materials 6.892,50 rupiahs per cu.m (7,2 percent) and manager 28.559,02 rupiahs per cu.m (29,8 percent).Average employment opportunity to produce for each industri is 73.853 mandays or 516.973 manhours a year. Because the sawntimber waste and sawn timber was profitable to produce moulding, it is advisable that activities in the sawmills should be directed to produce moulding.

ANALISIS BIAYA ENERGI PADA BEBERAPA INDUSTRI KAYU LAPIS DI KALIMANTAN TIMUR. Analysis of Energy Cost at Several Plywood Factories in East Kalimantan SYLVIANI SYLVIANI
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 2 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Several plywood factories in East Kalimantan showed that they use wood waste and diesel fuel for energy sources for power generation and electricity. Five plywood factories surveyed produced wood waste with average of 112,590 cubic m in 1991 and its utilization for energy source amounted to 59,601 cubic m on average, while average consumed diesel fuel was 10,000 litres / month .This study showed that operational cost of power generation on average was Rp 290,394,316 per year in which the cost for fuel was Rp 204,122,020 ( 70 % from total operational cost) while the cost of fuel in the factories that used wood waste was Rp 26,535,863.Besides factories that used wood produced electricilymore, so that average cost / kwh was smaller namely Rp 71.50 / kwh compared with those used diesel, namely Rp 307 / kwh.

ANALISIS DIVERSIFIKASl PRODUK KAYU OLAH.AN PADA INDUSTRI PENGGERGAJIAN TERPADU DI CEPU, JAWA TENGAH Sylviani Sylviani
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 8, No 6 (1991): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Pro4ucta diventfication ia a mutegic tlecmon for integrated fore« indratry a it will contribute added value either in terms of income 1eneriltion or creation of employment, and to improve raw materiala. utilization and to b~n rmrket opportunitin.7b He the impact of product diversification a dudy waa conducted at an integrated teak aawmill in Cepu, Central •.liva. TM •average annual UH of lo1• are 21,896.16 cum oonmting of l 9,!69.46 cum (99'£) f0r •wmDl and•J,117.80 cum• (10%) for verae-r milL TM avmwe produetioR of •wn timber ia 9,681.48 cum per year ooverift6of the espo~ quality grade (COS), domedic quality grade~ and raw materialafor further proce• with volume• 1,190 •.03 cum (74%); 1,317.80 cum (14"), and 1,119°.66 cum (12%), re•pectively.The average production of veneer u 1,394.868 cum per year cona.ting of the. esport quality lftlde 121.076 cum (9%), domatic quality 180.970 crim (18%), induatrialmaterial 200.189 cum (14%), and dock 892.078 cum (64%). The amaunt of •raw materiai. oonaumedfor ,Parquetteand moulding factories on averageis 8,318.86~ cum ,,.r year. 7Jle additional production oosn of other woodproceaed products (veneer, ~quette, moulding) on averafe ia Rp ~186,816,483 per year with the coefficient variation around 10%. The averageadditional income before ma generated ia Rp 886,234,808, per year, w.ha.t the additional employment opportunitia created are 262 or 18,600 rnanday• or 660,200 manhoura per year.

PRODUKTIVITAS TENAGA KERJA PADA BEBERAPA KILANG KAYU LAPIS DI SUMATERA Akub J Abdurachman; Sylviani Sylviani
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 2 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.2.60-65

Plywood production can be increased by improving factory quality, work organization system, processing method, and by increasing the skill of the operators and other activities supporting labour productivity.Previous works indicated that low productivity of labour in plywood mill in Indonesia was mainly due to the low levels of education, skill and experiences of operators. This study is intended to obtain accurate data concerning this problem.The survey was conducted in several plywood industries in Sumatera in 1985 and revealed the following results:Average actual production of plywood mills is lower than the design production capacity. The average ratio of actual production capacity is as low as 0.422.The productivity of employees varies between mills, especially for Managers. Managers productivity ranges from 45.2 to 242 cum/man/month (standard error 93.5 cum/man/month); administrative staff productivity 14.1-38.2 cum/man/month (standard error 9,6 cum/man/month);and operators:1.7-5.9 cum/man/month (standard error 1.5 cum/man/month).Waging system in term of payment (monthly or others) and the amount of salary does not effect the productivity levels.

ANALISIS BIAYA DAN PENDAPATAN PENGOLAHAN GONDORUKEM DAN TERPENTIN DI BEBERAPA PABRIK DI JAWA TENGAH Sylviani Sylviani; Akub J Abdurachman
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 6 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.6.373-379

Collophonium industrial development in Central Java serves two purposes, i.e, a new source of income, and improving the product efficiency for Perhutani state forest enterprise.Based on research results on four collophonium industries, the production costs ranging from Rp 109.37 ta Rp. 140. 70 with an average of Rp 127.46/kg with 10% coefficient of variation. The production costs elements consisting of manufacturing cost (Rp 120.28/kg) representief 94% of the total costs and Rp 7.18/kg for administrative cost. The average Profit before tax for the mill run by Perhutani was found to be Rp 40.12/kg, while those run by the private sector was as high as Rp 44.66/kg.

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