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SIFAT PAPAN SERAT DARI KAYU ACACIA MANGIUM WILLD., EUCALYPTUS DEGLUPTA BLUME DAN EUCALYPTUS UROPHYLLA BLAKE Kayano Purba; Deden Edi Rusfiandi; Yusuf Sudo Hadi; M Rosid
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 6, No 5 (1989): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1989.6.5.299-303

Abstract

             This paper  deals  with  the  study   on  the  fiberboard   properties   of  A.  mangium,  E. deglupta and  E. urophylla.  The cooking  process  applied   consisted  of hot  caustic soda semi chemical process  and prehydrolysis   prior  to mechanical pulping process.The  hot  caustic  soda  semi  chemical  process   used  the  condition   as follows:   alkali  concentration    was 35 g/l,  wood  to liquor  ratio  was 1    :   8, maximum   temperature   was  100° C and  this  temperature   was kept  for two  hours.  The prehydrolisis prior  to  mechanical  process  was prepared   in the autoclave  with  the wood  to liquor  ratio ;of   .     1    :  8, maximum   temperature was  175  ± 1°C  and  this  temperature   was  kept   for  60  seconds,   and  the pressure  of  7 -   12 kg/cm2.      Sheet  forming  was done   by  wet  felting process  in the deckle box,   the pressing pressure  was 50  kg/cm2,      temperature   was 170° C for  10 mi- nutes.  Heat  treatment   was given for 3 hours at temperature  of  170° C without  pressure.The  result  shows  that  the  cooking  process  has a  significant   influences  on  the  moisture  content,   water  absorption, thickness   swelling,   tensile  strength  parallel  to  surface  and  modulus   of  rupture   of  the  fiberboard.   Likewise,   the  wood species  has a  significant   influence   on pulp  yield,   moisture  content,   water  absorption   and  thickness  swelling.  The interac- tion of  both  factors  only  significantly  influences   modulus  of rupture  and modulus  of elasticity.The  highest  pulp  yield  was from  A.  mangium  followed   by  E. deglupta,  and  E. urophylla.  Almost  overall properties of  fiberboard   met   the  FAO  standard,  except   for  the  water  absorption   and  tensile  strength  parallel  to surface  of  E. uro- phylla.  The  mechanical process   produced   fiberboard   with  better  water  absorption   and  thickness  swelling  than  that of hot caustic  soda  semi  chemical  process.   On  the  other  hand  the  tensile  strength  parallel  to surface  and  modulus   of  rupture of  the  fiberboard  produced    by  hot  caustic  soda  semi-chemical   process   was  found   better   than  that  of  the  mechanical pulping.
PENGARUH TEKNIK PEMUTIHAN PULP SULFAT TERHADAP MUTU PULP DAN LIMBAH CAIR Rena M Siagian; Han Roliadi; Kayano Purba; Melina Melina
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 17, No 2 (1999): Buletin Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1999.17.2.77-88

Abstract

Di Indonesia, pengolahan pulp kimia  berbahan baku kayu umunrnya menggunakan proses sulfat. Salah satu kelemahan proses sulfat ialah derajat kecerahan pulp yang rendah, sehingga memerlukan teknik pemutihan  yang efektif saat ini mulai dikembangkan teknik pemutihan pulp dengan  pengurangan  dan  atau  tanpa  penggunaan  klorin  elementer untuk  menekan  pencemaran lingkungan.Penelitian ini menggunakan kayu  ampupu (Eucalyptus urophylla)  dan  sampinur  bunga (Podocarpus sp.) asal dari Sumatera Utara. Pembuatan pulp menggunakan proses sulfat dengan kondisi pemasakan : alkali aktif 17%,  sulfiditas 25%, suhu maksimum 1700'C, waktu pemasakan 4 jam dan  bobot kayu  banding  larutan pemasak 1 : 4. Teknik pemutihan yang diterapkan adalah C/DEoDED. DEopDED. DEoDEpD dan CEHEH sebagai pembanding.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada pulp kayu ampupu, modifikasi teknik pemutihan dari  CEHEH menjadi C/DEoDED. DEopDED dan DEoDEpD, menghasilkan rendemen pulp putih yang tidak  berbeda. Pada pulp  kayu  sampinur  bunga, perbedaan  teknik pemutihan menghasilkan rendemen pulp putih yang berbeda, tetapi semuanya di bawah rendemen yang umum diperoleh dengan proses kimia (<40%). Rendemen pulp putih kayu ampupu lebih tinggi dibandingkan pulp asal kayu sampinur bunga.Secara umum dapat dikatakan bahwa keteguhan pulp sampinur bunga lebih tinggi daripada pulp  ampupu.  Modifikasi  teknik  pemutihan CEHEH menjadi teknik  pemutihan  dengan pengurangan atau tanpa penggunaan klorin elementer  menghasilkan kekuatan lembaran pulp yang tidak berbeda .Nilai  BOD dan COD limbah cair pemutihan  asa/ kayu ampupu lebih rendah dan lebih baik daripada  asal  kayu sampinur  bunga. Modifikasi teknik pemutihan  konvensional  (CEHEH) dengan teknik pemutihan    tanpa penggunaan klor elementer , yaitu  DEopDED dan DEoDEpD dapat memperbaiki pH dan sisa klor dalam limbah cair pemutihan  pulp baik  pada kayu ampupu maupun sampinur bunga, namun belum memperbaiki nilai BOD dan COD.
PEMBUATAN PAPAN SERAT BERKEPARATAN SEDANG DARI KAYU DAUN LEBAR DENGAN PROSES PAPAN MEKANIS (thermomechanical of medium density fibreboard (MDI) from hardware) Kayano purba
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 11, No 8 (1993): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1993.11.8.333-337

Abstract

This paper deals with an experiment investigating the effect of presteaning time on the properties of medium density fibreboard. The boards were made of 15 wood species mixtures with an equal weight proportion of four specific gravity groups i,e 0.31 – 0.45; 0,46 – 0,60; 0,61 – 0,75; and 0.76 – 0.90.Pulp preparations were carried out by using thermo mechanically at 4 kg/cm2 for 10, 15 and 20 minutes and refined for 10 minutes. The sheets were formed by using the laboratory wet felting process. Cold pressing ( room temperature) and hot pressing (170°C) were conducted at 45 kg/cm2 for 5 minutes and 20 kg/cm2 for 40minutes, respectively.The experiment’s result also showed that the tensile strength parallel to surface, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity. Density, water absorption, thickness swelling and volume swelling of fiberboard were not significantly affected by the presteaming time, specific gravity and interaction of the both factors. It was also reviewed that an increasing specific gravity tended to lower the intodulus of rupture, tensile strength parallel to surface and modulus of elasticity, and tended to increase thickness swelling, volume swelling and water absorption.In general , the properties of the medium density fibreboard (density, water absorption, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticity) are comparable to those of the FAO standard requirements, but the tensile strength parallel to surface is tess than that of the FAO standard.
ANALISIS KIMIA DUA PULUH TUJUH JENIS KAYU JAWA BARAT Kayano Purba; Endang Sumarna
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 4, No 3 (1987): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.1987.4.3.26-29

Abstract

Chemical analyses of wood species from different islands of Indonesia has been started by several workers. Most of the species studied were obtained from East Kalimantan, South  Kalimantan,  Central Kalimantan, East  Java  and  South   Sumatera.  The  analyses comprised the determination of cellulose, lignin, pentosan, ash, extractives and the solubility in one percent of sodium hydroxide. These analyses were conducted to determine their basic characteristics and ultimate uses of the wood. In this report the result of chemical analyses of 27 wood species from  West Java are presented as supplementing reference to the previous ones.The analyses reveal that the cellulose content ranges from  40.99-55.54 percent, pentosan from  12.49-19.54 percent and lignin from 17.20-28.86percent.The ash and silica content vary considerably from 0.19-1.43 percent and from 0.05-0.79 percent, respectively.The solubility in cold water varies from 0.11-7.20 percent, in hot water from 2.18-10.44 percent, in alcohol benzene (1 : 2) from 0.54-8.70 percent, and in one percent sodium hydroxide solution from 11.01-37.94 percent.
Co-Authors Bedyaman T Deden Edi Rusfiandi Endang Sumarna Han Roliadi Jefri R S M Rosid M Yusuf Noorhajiyanto Melina Melina Putritjatur Budilistyani Rena M Siagian Surdiding Ruhendi Yusuf Sudo Hadi