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Design of Stone Column to Mitigate Soil Liquefaction: Cases Study of Yogyakarta International Airport Nicholas Hartono; Teuku Faisal Fathani
Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 9 No. 2 (May 2023)
Publisher : Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcef.5933

Abstract

A low-to-medium cohesionless soil with low fines content was predominantly observed at the surfaces of Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA). The condition exposed subsoil of YIA to Liquefaction in addition to its location on a high seismic zone which has increased the likelihood of massive ground shaking. This means it is necessary to improve soil condition and vibro-replacement using stone column was selected as the appropriate method due to its recent popularity for the enhancement of sandy ground. Stone column has the ability to reduce the Cyclic Stress Ratio (CSR) of liquefiable soil and can be reliably evaluated. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the risk of Liquefaction at YIA by adopting the SPT-based Liquefaction triggering procedure and presuming its manifestation using Liquefaction Severity Index (LSI). It is pertinent to state that the theoretical approach introduced by Priebe was used to design the geometry and center-to-center distance of stone column. The results were presented in the form of maps with a 50 m × 50 m grid size which include the cut and fill, LSI before and after improvement, stone column spacing, as well as stone column depth. It was discovered that the triangular spacing required for stone column ranged from 1.25 m to 2.5 m while the maximum depth was found to be 6 m. Moreover, stone column inclusion efficiently reduced the severity of Liquefaction from medium to very low for the areas studied. However, stone column has several limitations and this means a combination of soil improvement methods needs to be applied to areas with moderate LSI.
Analisis Potensi Likuifaksi Di Kawasan Underpass Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) Muhamad Agung Rahman; Mochammad Syidik Hidayat; Teuku Faisal Fathani; Ahmad Rifa’i
JUTEKS : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Vol 5 No 1 (2020): JUTEKS (Jurnal Teknik Sipil)
Publisher : P3M- Politeknik Negeri Kupang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32511/juteks.v5i1.643

Abstract

Fenomena likuifaksi akibat gempa merupakan hilang/berkurangnya daya dukung tanah karena hilangnya inter-granular stress antar butir-butir tanah untuk menahan beban getaran gempa akibat naiknya tegangan air pori. Dampak likuifaksi dapat menimbulkan kerugian dan kerusakan yang besar pada infrastruktur. Evaluasi potensi likuifaksi dilakukan di kawasan Underpass Yogyakarta International Airport (YIA) dengan menggunakan data N-SPT sebanyak lima data bor. Analisis potensi likuifaksi bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai safety factor (SF) di kawasan tersebut. Peristiwa likuifaksi akan terjadi jika nilai SF lebih kecil dari satu. Nilai safety factor (SF) adalah perbandingan nilai Cyclic Resistance Ratio (CRR) yang merupakan tahanan tanah terhadap likuifaksi dan Cyclic Stress Ratio (CSR) yang merupakan tegangan geser yang timbul akibat gempa. Hasil analisis potensi likuifaksi di kawasan Underpass YIA menunjukan bahwa lapisan tanah pasir di Underpass YIA berpotensi mengalami likuifaksi pada kedalaman 4-6 m dari permukaan tanah pada titik bor BH01 dan BH05. Sedangkan pada titik bor BH02, BH03, dan BH04, lapisan tanah pasir di lokasi Underpass YIA tidak berpotensi terjadi likuifaksi. Untuk menghilangkan potensi terjadinya likuifaksi pada struktur underpass dilakukan penggalian di kedalaman 4-5 m serta dilakukan penggantian material (replacement) tanah asli dengan material sirtu setebal 50 cm.
Seismic Hazard Assessment in Maluku Province Using PSHA Setiawan, Yoga; Fathani, Teuku Faisal; Faris, Fikri
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v19i2.66790

Abstract

On 10 January 2023, a strong earthquake with a moment magnitude (Mw) of 7.5 occurred in Banda Sea, Maluku Province. This earthquake caused casualties around the epicentre due to the building collapse which was not an earthquake-resistant structure. A high level of seismic vulnerability and non-standard infrastructure often result in large losses when earthquakes occur. Therefore, mapping of earthquake-prone areas needs to be carried out to optimize the mitigation efforts based on Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) and Spectrum Acceleration (SA) values. In this paper, mitigation efforts are carried out by mapping earthquake-prone areas using Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) which considers the potential of each complex earthquake source in Maluku Province. Input data was obtained from several earthquake catalogues such as Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS), International Seismological Center (ISC), and United States Geological Survey (USGS) which were processed and analyzed using the Matlab, ZMap, and R-CRISIS programs and mapped using the ArcMap program. The results of PSHA show that Maluku Province is a region with varying levels of earthquake vulnerability. The research results show that the distribution hazard value on PGA in Maluku Province reaches 0.02g to 0.48g for a return period of 500 years and 0.04g to 0.79g for a return period of 2,500 years and on SA for periods of 0.20 seconds and 1.00 second reaches 0.04g to 0.89g and 0.01g to 0.22g for a return period of 500 years and 0.07g to 1.48g and 0.02g to 0.35g for a return period of 2,500 years, respectively. The highest level of vulnerability is in the northern region including Seram Island, Way Apu Island and Ambon Island and the lowest level of vulnerability is in the eastern region including Aru Island.
The Mechanism of Rainfall-Induced Landslide Around Railway Tracks in Central Java Province, Indonesia Octaviarini, Ika Sakti; Fathani, Teuku Faisal; Hardiyatmo, Hary Christady; Amalina, Anisa Nur; Erzagian, Egy
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 19 No. 2 (2023): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v19i2.66835

Abstract

Landslide is one of the most disastrous natural hazards in Indonesia, causing significant fatalities and economic losses. Landslides can be triggered by several factors, such as rainfall, earthquakes, soil conditions, and others, where each landslide event has its own triggering and controlling factors. A progressive landslide occurred on the Central Java railway line which resulted in damage to the double-track railway as a transportation infrastructure. The objective of this paper is to understand the process and triggering factors of the landslide. Information was collected through field investigations and measurements based on drilling results at 3 points, geophysical surveys at 5 lines, and laboratory testing of several soil samples. Geological and geotechnical settings, topography, lithology, hydrogeology, and rainfall data of the area were analyzed. Aerial photographs and other remote sensing data were used to evaluate and discuss the information. Landslides in the study area occurred in stages, starting with the formation of a tension crack, followed by two landslides over five months. The results show that the clay material that dominates the study area is the dominant controlling factor of a landslide, triggered by long-duration, low-intensity rainfall. Rainwater entering through tension cracks increases moisture content, adding load to the slope and triggering landslides. Furthermore, the train's external load on the slope also contributes to the occurrence of landslides. The static and cyclic load of the train causes changes in the slope's pressure balance, generating a force that drives the downslope soil. Further analysis was performed using back analysis method with the limit equilibrium method to enhance understanding of slope stability parameters at the time of slope failure. The analysis was performed considering the rising groundwater level. A factor of safety (FS) value of 0.989 was obtained at the end of the simulation, indicating that the slope had failed.
Optimasi Praktikal Metode Konstruksi Jalan Akses di Area Tanah Lunak Yudhistira, Angga Trisna; Fathani, Teuku Faisal; Budi Nugroho, Arief Setiawan; Prianugroho, Naseem Agung; Wibisono, Himawan
MEDIA KOMUNIKASI TEKNIK SIPIL Volume 29, Nomor 2, DESEMBER 2023
Publisher : Department of Civil Engineering, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/mkts.v29i2.56309

Abstract

In one of the smelter projects at West Kalimantan, access road construction was planned to use soil embankment above the geo-membrane layer. But this method is not highly effective considering rainfall intensity is very high in the project location. Therefore, optimization needs to be done to obtain the most effective method in terms of cost and timely accomplishment of the access road. The optimization method is done by making a comparison matrix of the output results of the running simulation schedule on software. From the several methods proposed, the duration of completion, completion costs, and resource requirements are compared and scored to get the most optimized method. Other than that, carbon emissions resulting from each method are also compared. The optimization result concluded that boulder stone layer addition with optimum quantity in the embankment is the most optimal method considering the remaining time and encountering intensive rainfall. This optimized method can result in an accelerated construction duration of 140 days, cost efficiency of 11.46%, and a reduction in carbon emissions of 44% compared to the initial method. This optimization method is expected can be applied to access road embankment projects of soft soil areas in other locations, especially in the Kalimantan region.
Pemanfaatan Limbah Plastik Jenis PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) sebagai Bahan Stabilisasi Lereng Timbunan Kurniawan, Danang; Faris, Fikri; Fathani, Teuku Faisal
Borneo Engineering : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Volume 8 Nomor 2 Tahun 2024
Publisher : Jurusan Teknik Sipil, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Borneo Tarakan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35334/be.v8i2.5400

Abstract

Plastik merupakan material polimer sintetik yang telah banyak digunakan disemua lapisan masyarakat. Salah satu jenis limbah plastik yang banyak digunakan yaitu jenis PET (polyethlene terephthalate). PET merupakan jenis plastik yang hanya dapat digunakan untuk satu kali pemakaian, maka akan menimbulkan permasalahan terhadap limbah yang dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu dilakukan suatu upaya untuk memanfaatkan limbah plastik jenis PET dengan cara merangkainya menyerupai bentuk geocell yang berfungsi sebagai bahan perkuatan pada lereng timbunan. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan tiga jenis ukuran botol air mineral yaitu 330 ml, 600 ml dan 1500 ml. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan geocell limbah PET yang digunakan sebagai bahan perkuatan pada lereng timbunan. Metode yang digunakan dalam perhitungan yaitu menggunakan program Plaxis 2D. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu penggunaan perkuatan geocell limbah PET pada lereng timbunan dapat meningkatkan nilai angka aman dan mengurangi nilai displacement. Peningkatan angka aman terbesar dan pengurangan nilai displacement terbesar terjadi pada perkuatan geocell limbah PET 1500 ml. Pada pemodelan parametrik, peningkatan nilai angka aman mencapai 1,383 dan pada pemodelan studi kasus peningkatan nilai angka aman mencapai 1,343. Penurunan nilai horizontal displacement dan vertical displacement pada pemodelan parametrik secara berurutan mencapai 32,51% dan 40,08%, sedangkan penurunan nilai horizontal displacement dan nilai vertical displacement pada pemodelan studi kasus secara berurutan mencapai  44,26% dan 10,13%.
Effects of Gap on Erosion Surrounding Culvert Joints - An Experimental Study Kuswari, Sari; Hardiyatmo, Hary Christady; Fathani, Teuku Faisal
INERSIA lnformasi dan Ekspose Hasil Riset Teknik Sipil dan Arsitektur Vol. 20 No. 2 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/inersia.v20i2.72119

Abstract

Culvert is one of the drainage systems designed to transport water from one place to another place. Soil erosion can occur due to gaps in the joints of culverts, leading to phenomena such as piping, backward erosion, and suffusion caused by water discharge. When water flows through a gap culvert joint, it makes the soil around it fluid, which can result in sand boiling, and eventually, the formation of sinkholes. Water entrains soil particles, reducing soil density around the culvert, forming voids that expand with erosion. A laboratory-based study investigated gaps in culvert joints, and found that water flow velocity and duration significantly influence soil erosion. Water flow transports eroded materials into culverts, with most soil particles settling around the joints. The gaps of culvert joints can impact erosion, with larger gaps leading to greater influx of soil particles into the culvert. Longer flow durations also result in greater erosion, as fluidization of the soil leads to increased erosion. On the other hand, larger lengths of culvert joints result in reduced erosion. Soil accumulation along the culvert joints cover and clogging contribute to this phenomenon. Culverts lacking joints cover suffer significant erosion, with soil particles entering the culvert. Sedimentary material is predominantly found within the culvert rather than being carried out by the flow. Additionally, the size of eroded soil particles affects the width of the gaps, typically ranging from 0.25 - 0.4 mm. The erosion phenomenon that occurs around culvert joints can lead to long-term effects.
The Investigation of Subsurface Beds using Microtremor and Geo-electric Methods in A Liquefied Area in Bengkulu City After The Bengkulu-Mentawai Earthquake Farid, Muhammad; Mase, Lindung Zalbuin; Fathani, Teuku Faisal
Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 11 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Geological Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17014/ijog.11.3.377-390

Abstract

Bengkulu Province, Indonesia, is one of regions prone to earthquake hazards. Daily seismic activity, albeit minor, and imperceptible to humans is common place. Data from the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency reveals an average of eight earthquakes per week. Earthquakes often trigger subsequent disasters such as tsunamis, landslides, and liquefaction. However, liquefaction-related phenomena are often overlooked in researchs, particularly concerning subsurface layers. A notable event occurred on September 12th, 2007, when a powerful 8.6 magnitude earthquake struck Indonesia, causing significant damage, particularly in Bengkulu City. This was followed by a liquefaction disaster in Tanah Patah Village, Bengkulu City. Consequently, the aim of this study is to assess the subsurface conditions in the liquefaction-affected area using geophysical techniques, including microtremor and geoelectric surveys. The data was analyzed to evaluate soil conditions in the affected zone. The resistivity values indicate a predominance of water and sand mixtures at depths of 0 - 20 m (ranging from 1.46 to 15.5 Ω·m in Geo_TP-1 and from 4.64 to 15.1 Ω·m in Geo_TP-2). These conditions can facilitate processes like condensation and water flow, leading to sand compaction and increase susceptibility to liquefaction. The findings reveal that loose sand dominates the subsurface layers, rendering them highly vulnerable to liquefaction during intense seismic events. Furthermore, the environmental characteristics of the studied area exacerbate its susceptibility to liquefaction. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of soil conditions in the liquefied zone of Bengkulu City.
The Using of GIS to Delineate the Liquefaction Susceptibility Zones at Yogyakarta International Airport Nicholas Hartono; Teuku Faisal Fathani
Civil Engineering Dimension Vol. 24 No. 1 (2022): MARCH 2022
Publisher : Institute of Research and Community Outreach - Petra Christian University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (876.579 KB) | DOI: 10.9744/ced.24.1.62-70

Abstract

Spatial analysis is performed to delineate liquefaction susceptibility zones at Yogyakarta International Airport(YIA). The low to medium cohesionless soil consistency is predominantly observed on the upper subsoil. A shallow groundwater level and low fines content have also enlarged the likelihood of earthquake-induced liquefaction. An SPT based liquefaction triggering procedure is adopted in this study to indicate the Factor of Safety (FoS) whereas the Liquefaction Severity Index (LSI) is used to measure the severity of liquefaction by presuming its manifestation. Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) interpolation in QGIS is chosen to produce a map with 50 m × 50 m grid size. The analysis results show the YIA’s area is prone to undergo liquefaction at various depths. However, thin liquefied layers may not generate sufficient artesian flow pressure to eject water or sand. The LSI analysis concludes that YIA area is categorized as a non-liquefied to moderate severity where the West side is the governing area
Strategi Mitigasi Bencana Longsor untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Masyarakat di Desa Ngargosari Kecamatan Loano Kabupaten Purworejo Zaida Muflih, Ghufron; Barokah, Umi; Zuhdi, Rasyid; Fathani, Teuku Faisal; Wilopo, Wahyu
Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional Vol 31, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkn.105820

Abstract

ABSTRACT Disasters are events that threaten people's lives and can cause loss of life, property, as well as environmental and psychological impacts. Landslides, as one of the natural disasters, occur due to slope instability triggered by geological and hydrological factors. Ngargosari Village, Kecamatan Loano, Purworejo Regency, has a geographical condition of steep hills with an altitude of ±450 meters above sea level which makes it prone to landslides. This research aims to increase community resilience to landslides through a community-based mitigation approach and appropriate technology in the KOSABANGSA program. The method used includes preparation, implementation, and evaluation stages. Mitigation activities include socialization, geological survey, vulnerability mapping, installation of early warning system (EWS), evacuation signs, preparation of evacuation fixed procedures, and implementation of evacuation simulation. Evaluation results show an increase in physical resilience through the availability of evacuation routes and EWS that function in real-time. The community's capacity resilience also increased, as shown by the average score of disaster understanding at 78% and infrastructure understanding at 86%. EWS implementation and participatory education proved effective in improving community preparedness. A collaborative approach between academics, village government, and residents is a key factor in building a resilient and sustainable mitigation system