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All Journal Jurnal Teknologi Dan Industri Pangan CHEMISTRY PROGRESS EUGENIA Jurnal Entropi Sainstek IPTEK Journal of Proceedings Series agriTECH Indonesian Journal of Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Fullerene Journal of Chemistry Oxygenius Journal Of Chemistry Education The Studies of Social Sciences Acta Chimica Asiana Jurnal Anugerah: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Bidang Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Solidaritas: Jurnal Pengabdian Jurnal Akademika Kimia
Sanusi Gugule
Universitas Negeri Manado
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Mathematics Social Sciences Other

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Impact of Ferric Chloride–Induced Oxidation on the Physicochemical Characteristics of Chicken Fat and Its Biodiesel Chaleb P. Maanari; Sanusi Gugule; Feti Fatimah; Stefan M. Rumengan; Aisyiah R. P. Utami; Mustapa Mustapa; Indah U. Br. Sidabukke
Jurnal Akademika Kimia Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Tadulako

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22487/j24775185.2026.v15.i1.pp17-24

Abstract

Background/problems: Biodiesel from animal fats is vulnerable to metal-catalyzed oxidation that degrades fuel quality because of the unsaturated fatty acid content. This study investigates the oxidative stability and physicochemical changes of chicken fat and its biodiesel upon FeCl₃-catalyzed oxidation. Methods: Chicken fat was transesterified to produce biodiesel; chicken fat (CF) and chicken-fat biodiesel (CF-BD) were then subjected to an FeCl₃ oxidative condition. Acid value (AV), iodine value (IV), peroxide value (PV), kinematic viscosity at 40 °C, and density were determined using standard titrimetric and physical methods; FTIR assessed spectral changes. ANOVA compared group means. Findings: Oxidation significantly increased AV and PV for both matrices, with a marked PV rise in CF-BD (6.17 ± 0.29 to 88.17 ± 5.35 meq/kg), and decreased IV (CF-BD 84.30 ± 4.51 to 48.70 ± 4.32 g I₂/100 g). Viscosity and density increased modestly. Visually, CF-BD shifted from clear yellow-green to brown and turbid with sediment, consistent with polymer formation and methyl-ester degradation. FTIR showed attenuation/shift of ester carbonyl and aliphatic bands. Conclusion: FeCl₃-induced oxidation measurably deteriorates CF-BD quality, breaching key limits in ASTM/SNI for acid value and viscosity. Impact: Results underscore the need to control trace metals and apply antioxidant/metal-deactivator strategies in storage and distribution, and validate the FeCl₃ assay as a practical accelerated-degradation model for stability and additive screening.
PENGENDALIAN HAMA KUMBANG LOGONG (Sitophylus oryzae L.) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN EKSTRAK BIJI PANGI (Pangium edule Reinw.) Ernest H. Sakul; Jacklin S.S. Manoppo; Dalvian Taroreh; Revfly I.F. Gerungan; Sanusi Gugule
EUGENIA Vol. 18 No. 3 (2012)
Publisher : Universitas Sam Ratulangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35791/eug.18.3.2012.4094

Abstract

ABSTRACT   The research was aimed to prove the effectiveness of seed extract pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) In increasing mortality of rice-weevil or logong (Sitophylus oryzae L.) using the solvent n-hexane fraction and the fraction of ethanol, and then evaporated with a rotary evaporator to obtain viscous extract. This research was conducted in the Chemistry Laboratory of MIPA Manado State University and mini green house Gapoktan Pinaesaan Tonsealama Village during the months of January, February and March 2012 using an experimental method in a plastic box using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with six treatments were repeated four times, so the total experimental units were 24 units. Each plastic box filled with 20 of rice-weevil or logong adult and any treatment administered doses of: 2.5 ppm, 5.0 ppm, 7.5 ppm, 15 ppm, 30 ppm and 45 ppm. The results indicate that pangi seed extract is very effective in improving mortality of rice-weevil or logong, where the concentration of the extract  45 ppm is the best pangi seed extract. Test results of Phytochemical Test showed that secondary metabolite of pangi seed extract with n-hexane solvent contains alkaloid compounds and pangi seed extract with ethanol solvent containing phenolic compounds, saponins and tannins. Keywords : extracts, maseration, Pangium edule Reinw., Sitophylus oryzae L., n-heksan fraction, ethanol fraction, bioinsecticide ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan efektifitas ekstrak biji pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) dalam meningkatkan mortalitas kumbang logong dengan menggunakan pelarut fraksi n-heksan maupun fraksi etanol, kemudian dievaporasi dengan rotary evaporator guna mendapatkan ekstrak kental.  Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di laboratorium kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Manado dan  mini green house Gapoktan Pinaesaan Desa Tonsealama selama bulan Januari, Februari dan Maret 2012 dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen pada kotak plastik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakukan yang diulang sebanyak 4 kali sehingga total unit percobaan sebanyak 24 unit percobaan. Masing-masing kotak plastik diisi dengan 20  ekor kumbang logong dewasa dan setiap perlakuan  diberikan dosis 2,5 ppm, 5,0 ppm, 7,5 ppm, 15 ppm, 30 ppm, dan 45 ppm.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak biji pangi sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan mortalitas hama kumbang logong dimana pada konsentrasi  ekstrak sebesar 45 ppm merupakan konsentrasi ekstrak biji pangi yang terbaik dalam penelitian ini.  Hasil pemeriksaan uji fitokimia menunjukkan bahwa metabolit sekunder dari ekstrak biji pangi  dengan pelarut n-heksan mengandung senyawa alkaloid dan ekstrak biji pangi dengan pelarut etanol mengandung senyawa fenol, saponin dan tanin. Eugenia Volume 18 No. 3  Desember 2012 Kata kunci : ekstrak, maserasi, Pangium edule Reinw., Sitophylus oryzae L., fraksi n-heksan, fraksi etanol,  insektisida nabati
Co-Authors Adrian Dungir Aisyiah R. P. Utami Aisyiah Restutiningsih Putri Utami Anderson Arnold Aloanis Aror, Carolina Gabriella Gracilia Assa, Christiano Audy Denny Wuntu Br Tarigan, Romi Yana Widiawati Chaleb P. Maanari Chaleb Paul Maanari Dalvian Taroreh Daniel Defrid Devid Manopo Djois Sugiaty Rintjap Dokri Gumolung Ernest H. Sakul Feti Fatimah Gustafo Johansen Wilar I Dewa Ketut Anom I Dewe Ketut Anom Indah U. Br. Sidabukke Jacklin S.S. Manoppo Jakub Saddam Akbar Jane Sulinda Tambas Jeanne M. Tuerah Johanis J. Pelealu Johnly Rorong Johny Zeth Lombok martha tuganyita Miftahul Jannah Musma Rukmana Mustapa Mustapa nia yuniar kandou Pomalingo, Moh Fikri Pratiwi, Ananta Dian Ratih Anita Memah Revfly I.F. Gerungan Sandra Lewa Semuel Gideon Rommy Kosegeran Stefan Marco Rumengan Syahriyani Timin Trina E. Tallei Trina Tallei Watuseke, Rommy David Yohana Tandi