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Pengelompokan 33 Aksesi Kakao Berdasarkan Karakter Morfologi Komponen Buah Edi Wardiana; Juniaty Towaha; Syafaruddin Syafaruddin
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2017.p67-78

Identifikasi dan pengelompokan aksesi plasma nutfah kakao berdasarkan karakter morfologi komponen buah merupakan langkah awal yang penting dalam kegiatan pemuliaan untuk merakit varietas unggul. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengelompokkan 33 aksesi kakao berdasarkan karakter morfologi komponen buah. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Pakuwon, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar (Balittri), Sukabumi, mulai bulan Januari sampai Desember 2015. Metode yang digunakan adalah observasi terhadap 33 aksesi kakao Kaliwining (KW) yang ditanam tahun 2012 dengan jarak tanam 3 m x 3 m dan pohon penaung kelapa Genjah Salak umur 26 tahun. Pemilihan 10 sampel pohon per aksesi dilakukan secara acak sederhana, dan panen buah dilakukan dua kali, yaitu pada bulan Februari dan Oktober 2015 berdasarkan musim yang berbeda. Sebanyak 20 sampel buah per aksesi dipilih secara acak sederhana, masing-masing 10 buah untuk setiap waktu panen. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap 7 karakter komponen buah yang meliputi: (1) bobot segar buah, (2) jumlah biji, (3) bobot segar biji, (4) bobot kering biji, (5) bobot segar kulit buah, (6) jumlah alur kulit buah, dan (7) bobot segar pulpa. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis faktor, klaster berhierarki metode Ward’s dan diskriminan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 19 aksesi kakao tergolong berkarakter komponen biji dan kulit buah yang tinggi, 9 aksesi tergolong berkarakter bobot pulpa yang tinggi, dan 5 aksesi, yaitu KW 162, KW 528, KW 570, KW 571, dan KW 720 tergolong tinggi dalam semua karakter komponen buah. Aksesi-aksesi tersebut potensial untuk dijadikan tetua dalam merakit varietas unggul kakao.

Pengaruh Elevasi dan Pengolahan terhadap Kandungan Kimia dan Citarasa Kopi Robusta Lampung Juniaty Towaha; Asif Aunillah; Eko Heri Purwanto; Handi Supriadi
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v1n1.2014.p57-62

Kopi Robusta Indonesia memiliki agroklimat dan elevasi tempat yang variatif serta lebih luas sehingga berpotensi sebagai penghasil kopi Robusta yang bermutu tinggi dengan citarasa dan aroma khas. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan di perkebunan rakyat Provinsi Lampung dari bulan Januari hingga Desember 2013. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis pengaruh elevasi dan pengolahan terhadap kandungan kimia serta citarasa kopi Robusta di perkebunan kopi Robusta milik rakyat di Provinsi Lampung. Penelitian menggunakan metode survey dan analisis datanya mengikuti Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan dua faktor dan tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah empat ketinggian tempat, yaitu (1) 200; (2) 400; (3) 600 dan (4) 800 m dpl, sedangkan faktor kedua pengolahan buah kopi, yaitu (1) basah dan (2) kering. Parameter yang diamati meliputi pengujian kadar kafein, protein, lemak, dan abu serta uji organoleptik (cupping test). Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa makin tinggi elevasi tempat tumbuh kopi Robusta di daerah Lampung maka kadar kafein dan lemak cenderung semakin meningkat. Selanjutnya, proses pengolahan kopi secara basah menghasilkan mutu citarasa kopi Robusta Lampung lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pengolahan secara kering.Kata Kunci: Kopi Robusta, elevasi, pengolahan, kandungan kimia, citarasaRobusta coffee was grown in Indonesia at diverse agro-climatic conditions and altitudes, so it potentially to develop of high quality Robusta coffee with a distinctive flavor and aroma. Research was conducted on smallholder plantations in Lampung Province from January to December 2013. The objective of this study was to analyze the quality and flavor of Robusta coffee developed at different elevation in Lampung Province, in order to identify the most appropriate elevation for Robusta coffee to have the best quality and flavor. Research was use completely randomized design with three replications and two factors. The first factor is altitude: (1) 200; (2) 400; (3) and 600 (4) 800 m above sea level, while the second factor is the processing technique: (1) wet; and (2) dry processing. Variables tested were levels of caffeine, protein, fat and ash as well as cup quality. The results showed that the higher of elevation the higher of caffein and fat contents. Moreover, wet processing of Lampung Robusta Coffee gave higher cup quality compared to dry processing.

Pengaruh Mikoriza dan Pupuk NPK terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jambu Mete Muda Octivia Trisilawati; Juniaty Towaha; Usman Daras
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 1 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n1.2012.p91-98

Penelitian pengaruh fungi mikoriza asbuskula (FMA) dan pupuk NPK pada pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman jambu mete muda dilaksanakan di KP. Cikampek, Jawa Barat dari bulan Januari sampai Desember 2011. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok, terdiri dari dua faktor, yang diulang 4 kali dengan ukuran plot 4 tanaman/perlakuan. Faktor I adalah aplikasi FMA, yaitu tanpa FMA dan aplikasi 12 kaplet FMA/tanaman. Faktor II adalah pupuk NPK (g/tan.) yang terdiri dari: (a) dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi (100 g N, 80 g P2O5, 100 g K2O/tan.), (b) 3/4 dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi, dan (c) 1/2 dosis pupuk NPK rekomendasi. Parameter pengamatan meliputi penambahan jumlah daun, tinggi tanaman, diameter cabang, lilit batang utama, lebar kanopi, panjang cabang, jumlah cabang tersier, jumlah tandan bunga, jumlah buah per tandan, dan jumlah gelondong per pohon. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan dosis pemupukan NPK sampai 50% dari dosis rekomendasi yang disertai dengan pemberian mikoriza (FMA) tidak mengakibatkan penurunan pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete varietas BO2 hasil grafting. Sebagai implikasi, adanya respon positif pada pertumbuhan dan produksi jambu mete dapat dijadikan petunjuk bahwa penggunaan mikoriza mampu meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk NPK. Effect of Mycorrhizal and NPK Fertilizer on Young Cashew Growth and ProductionABSTRACT A study of the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi (AMF) and reduction of NPK fertilizer rates was carried out on grafted young cashew trees grown at Cikampek Research Station, West Java, from January to December 2011. Experimetal design used was a randomized block design, consisting of two factors, repeated 4 times with plot size of 4 plants. The first factor was application of AMF, consisting of without AMF and with inoculation of 12 AMF caplets/plant. The second factor was application of NPK fertilizer, consisting of: (a) Full recommended of NPK fertilizer rates (100 g N, 80 g P2O5, 100 g K2O/plant.), (b) 3/4 recommended NPK fertilizer rate, and (c) 1/2 recommended NPK fertilizer rate. Parameters observed included the increase of number of leave, plant height, diameters of branch, main girth and canopy, branch length, number of tertiary branches, number of bunches of flowers, the number of fruits per bunch, and the number of nuts per tree. Results showed that the reduction of NPK fertilizer application upto 50% of recommended fertilizer rates combined with the application of AMF on the young cashew trees (2.5 years old) did not result in any reduction of plant growth measured significantly. As an amplication, the application of micorhizal fungus is likely able to increase efficiency of fertilizer use to the crop indicated by comparable growth of the treated ones.

Pengaruh Mikoriza dan Pupuk NPKMg terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kopi Arabika Usman Daras; Iing Sobari; Octivia Trisilawati; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n2.2015.p91-98

Mycorrhiza is a biological agent that could improve the efficiency of chemical fertilizers (inorganic) due to it can increase the availability of soil nutrients. The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mycorrhiza and NPKMg fertilizers on growth and yield of coffee plants in the field. The research was carried out at KP. Pakuwon, Sukabumi, West Java, from January 2013 to November 2014. The treatments that examined in this study were 3 levels of mycorrhiza application (M0, without mycorrhizal fungi; M1, application of 200 spore/tree; and M2, application of 400 spore/tree), and 4 dosage of NPKMg fertilizers (F1, recommended dose, RD; F2, ¾ RD; F3, ½ RD, and F4, ¼ RD). The treatments were arranged in a ramdomized block design with 3 replications, and the plot size consisted of 4 coffee plants. The recommended dose of fertilizer is 140 g NPKMg/tree/years (40 g urea, 50 g SP-36, 30 g KCl, and 20 g kieserit). NPKMg fertilizers were applied two times, whereas mycorrhiza was given two months after the first application of NPKMg fertilizers. The observed parameters were vegetative characters (plant height, stem diameter, number of branch) and generative character (coffee yield) as well as the infection rates of mycorrizha on roots. The results showed that application of 400 spores of mycorrhizal fungi and 105 g NPKMg/tree/year exhibited the best growth of coffee plants until 15 months after planting (MAP). However, that combination was not significantly affected coffee production. Moreover, application of 200 and 400 spores of mycorrhizal fungi/tree combined with all dosage of NPKMg fertilizers revealed the same infection rates of mycorrizha on roots.

Pemanfaatan Asap Cair Kayu Karet dan Tempurung Kelapa untuk Penanganan Polusi Udara pada Lump Juniaty Towaha; Asif Aunillah; Eko Heri Purwanto
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 1 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n1.2013.p71-80

Sebagian besar petani karet di Indonesia membuat bokar masih menggunakan koagulan yang dapat merusak mutu karet seperti pupukTSP, tawas, dan sejenisnya. Koagulan tersebut bersifat asam tetapi tidak mempunyai sifat antibakteri dan antioksidan sehingga bokaryang dihasilkan bermutu rendah dan berbau busuk. Penelitian dilaksanakan di perkebunan karet rakyat di Jawa Barat dari bulan Meisampai November 2012. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi asap cair kayu karet dan tempurung kelapaterhadap pengurangan polusi udara pada lump. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok, dengan delapan perlakuan, diulangempat kali. Parameter yang dianalisis pada asap cair meliputi pH, kandungan total phenol, kandungan total asam, dan komponensenyawa penyusun asap cair. Pada lump yang diamati adalah pH penggumpalan, uji organoleptik bau, kandungan NH3 dan kadar karetkering (KKK). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan asap cair kayu karet mempunyai kandungan total asam yang lebih tinggi daripada asapcair tempurung kelapa, tetapi mempunyai kandungan senyawa phenol yang lebih rendah daripada asap cair tempurung kelapa. Sebagaikoagulan, asap cair kayu karet 15% dan asap cair tempurung kelapa 10% menghasilkan mutu lump yang baik dengan gumpalansempurna tidak berbau busuk dan mempunyai KKK kategori mutu 1, yang memenuhi spesifikasi persyaratan mutu SNI 06-2047-2002. Kualitas lump yang dihasilkan lebih baik daripada penggunaan asam format (koagulan rekomendasi), terutama dalam menanganipolusi udara pada lump. Dengan demikian, asap cair kayu karet maupun asap cair tempurung kelapa merupakan koagulan ramahlingkungan.Kata Kunci: Kayu karet, tempurung kelapa, asap cair, lump, ramah lingkunganMost of rubber farmers in Indonesia make lumps on which some coagulants such as TSP fertilizer, alum and others are often used. These coagulant areacidic but they do not have antibacterial and antioxidant properties. As a result, the lumps yielded or produced were low in grade and foul smelling. Astudy was carried out in smallholder rubber plantations in West Java Province from May to November 2012. The purpose of this study was todetermine the effects of the concentration of rubber wood liquid smoke and coconut shells liquid smoke to reduce air pollution on the lumps. The designused a randomized block with eight treatments and four replicates. The parameters analyzed of the liquid smokes include pH, total phenol content,total acid content, and the components of compounds contained in the liquid smokes, while those of the lumps include pH clotting, odor organoleptictest, NH3 content and dry rubber content (DRC). The results showed that the rubber wood liquid smoke has a total acid content higher than thecoconut shell liquid smoke, but its phenol content is lower than that of coconut shell liquid smoke. As coagulants, the rubber wood liquid smoke of15% and coconut shell liquid smoke of 10% produce a good quality of lumps with perfect clots, does not produce bad smell and has DRC categoryquality 1. It meets the specifications of SNI 06-2047-2002 quality requirements. The use of rubber wood liquid smoke and coconut shell liquidsmoke in lump processing yields better quality than that of formic acid (coagulant recommended), especially in reducing of air pollution of lumps.Thus, rubber wood liquid smoke and coconut shell liquid smoke uses is environmentally friendly coagulant.

Mutu Fisik Biji dan Citarasa Kopi Arabika Hasil Fermentasi Mikrob Probiotik Asal Pencernaan Luwak Juniaty Towaha; Rubiyo Rubiyo
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2016): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2016.p61-70

Kopi luwak dihasilkan dari proses pencernaan biji kopi oleh mikrob yang berlangsung intensif dalam organ intestinum tenue (usus halus) dan caecum (usus buntu) luwak. Oleh karena itu, proses fermentasi biji kopi menggunakan mikrob probiotik yang diisolasi dari organ pencernaan hewan luwak diharapkan dapat menghasilkan produk kopi dengan citarasa dan aroma khas mirip kopi luwak. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh periode fermentasi terhadap mutu fisik biji dan profil citarasa kopi Arabika probiotik. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Belanga dan Belantih, Kecamatan Kintamani, Kabupaten Bangli, laboratorium BPTP Bali, laboratorium PPKKI Jember, dan laboratorium Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pascapanen Pertanian Bogor, mulai bulan Juni sampai Desember 2013. Fermentasi dilakukan dalam 2 tahap: (1) menggunakan mikrob probiotik yang diisolasi dari intestum tenue luwak dan (2) menggunakan mikrob probiotik yang diisolasi dari caecum luwak. Perlakuan disusun sebagai berikut: P1 = fermentasi tahap I dan II, masing-masing selama 4 hari, P2 = fermentasi tahap I dan II, masing-masing selama 5 hari, P3 = fermentasi tahap I dan II, masing-masing selama 6 hari, P4 = fermentasi tahap I dan II, masing-masing selama 7 hari, dan sebagai pembanding P5 = biji kopi luwak asli dari pembudidaya luwak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biji kopi Arabika probiotik mempunyai mutu fisik yang cukup baik dan sesuai dengan spesifikasi SNI 01-2907-2008. Mutu citarasa terbaik diperoleh pada 2 tahap fermentasi masing-masing selama 6 dan 7 hari dengan total skor 81,44 dan 80,91 sehingga dapat digolongkan sebagai kopi spesialti. Mutu tersebut lebih baik dibandingkan dengan kopi asli dari pembudidaya luwak.

Pengaruh Pemupukan dan Mikoriza terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Karet Muda Pada Model Peremajaan Bertahap Yulius Ferry; Rusli Rusli; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 2, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v2n2.2015.p85-90

Gradual rejuvenation model is an option to increase the productivity of smallholder rubber plantation due to old and damaged plants. The limitation of this model is the high variation of the growth of young plant in the field. This study aimed to determine the effect of extra fertilization and mycorrhiza on the growth of young rubber plants in the gradual rejuvenation model. The research was located at Ramsay Village, Way Tuba District, with red-yellow podzolic soil types and climate type of B2 according to Oldemand, from 2012 to 2014, and arranged in split plot design. The plant age, P1 (3 years old); P2 (2 years old); and P3 (1 year old) was denoted as the main plot, whereas the subplot is fertilizer dosage, D1 (100% of recommended dosage); D2 (100% of recommended dosage + mycorrhiza; D3 (125% of recommended dosage); D4 (125% of recommended dosage + mycorrhiza). Fertilizer application was done twice a year, while mycorrhiza were given once a year toward the end of the rainy season. The plant material used was PB 260 clone, with a standard agricultural practices such as weeding and watering during the dry season. Variables measured were plant height and girth. The results showed that application of 25% extra from the recommended dosage + mycorrhiza was able to accelerate the growth of young rubber plants. Fertilizer dose of 125% from the recommendation + mycorrhiza applied on 2-year-old plants exhibited the same growth with 3-year-old plant that treated with recommended dosage. This result indicates that mycorrhiza works synergistically with inorganic fertilizer, which enhances the effectivity and efficiency of extra fertilization in gradually rejuvenation models.

Formulasi Pemupukan Berimbang pada Tanaman Lada di Bangka Belitung Usman Daras; Iing Sobari; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 3, No 2 (2012): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah Dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v3n2.2012.p185-192

Banyak faktor yang diperkirakan menjadi penyebab masih rendahnya rataan produksi lada di Bangka Belitung, termasuk pemeliharaan tanaman yang belum optimal. Dalam upaya meningkatkan hasil lada, sebagian petani telah menggunakan pupuk N, P dan K meskipun jumlah dan/komposisi unsur pupuk yang diberikan mungkin tidak sesuai dengan yang dibutuhkan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan formula dan dosis pemupukan N, P dan K untuk memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan produksi lada di Bangka Belitung. Faktor yang diuji adalah komposisi NPK, 3 macam (K1 = NPK 12:12:17; K2 = NPK 15:15:15; dan K3 = NPK 12:8:20), yang masing-masing terdiri atas 3 taraf dosis pemupukan (D1 = 1,8; D2 = 2,4; dan D3 = 3,0 kg NPK/ph/th). Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 3 ulangan dan ukuran petak 16 tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk 1,8 kg per pohon merupakan dosis pemupukan yang cukup memadai untuk budidaya tanaman lada dewasa (TM) di wilayah Bangka Belitung. Dosis pupuk tersebut, 25% lebih rendah dari anjuran umum pemupukan. Ketika komposisi NPK 12:12:17 tidak tersedia di pasaran, maka komposisi pupuk NPK 15:15:15 adalah alternatif pupuk yang dapat digunakan. Namun, dengan memperhatikan karakteristik tanaman lada dan kondisi agroklimat wilayah Bangka Belitung maka penggunaan komposisi pupuk NPK 12:8:20 dengan dosis 1,8 kg/pohon lebih dianjurkan. Formulation of Balanced Fertilizers on Black Pepper Grown in Bangka Belitung ABSTRACT Many factors believed affect the growth and yields of black pepper in Bangka Belitung. The low productivity of black pepper in the areas is mainly attributed to imbalanced manuring, poor management practices and disease incidence. To improve yields of the crop, farmers commonly use fertilizers despite the fact that the amounts and kind of nutrients added might not meet its requirement for optimum growth. A research was established to investigate effects of fertilizer compositions and rates on growth and yields of mature black pepper grown at Bangka, from January to December 2011. Treatments examined were composition of NPK fertilizers, 3 kinds of NPK (15:15:15, 12:12:17, and 12:8:20), consisting of three rates each (1.8, 2.4 and 3.0 kg/tree). The treatments were arranged in randomized block design with 3 replicates and plot size of 16 plants. Results revealed that application of 1.8 kg/tree was likely to be an adequate amount of fertilizer rate that should be added to give comparable growth and yields in black pepper. It means that the added ferlitizers was 25 percent lower than those of the recommended one as much as 2.4 kg of NPK 12:12:17/tree/year. As the recommended fertilizer hard to be obtained in a local place recently, the use of NPK 15:15:15 may therefore be suggested for black pepper growing in Bangka Belitung. For long term purpose, the use of 1.8 kg NPK 12:8:20/tree would however be a preferably added fertilizer in relation to the characteristics of the crop and agro-climatic condition of Bangka Belitung.

Pengaruh Tingkat Kematangan Buah, serta Lama Fermentasi dan Penyangraian Biji terhadap Karakter Fisikokimia Kopi Robusta Elsera Br Tarigan; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 3 (2017): Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n3.2017.p163-170

Robusta coffee is the most widely cultivated coffee in Indonesia. However, flavor quality of coffee is low due to improper harvesting and postharvest handling by farmers. Flavor quality mostly determined by fruit maturity level, fermentation and roasting time. The research aimed to investigate the effect of fruit maturity level, fermentation and roasting time on the physico-chemical characteristics of Robusta coffee. The research was conducted at Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute (IIBCRI), from May to July 2017, used a completely ranndomized block design with 3 factors. The first factor was fruit maturity level (red and reddish yellow), second factor was bean fermentation (24 and 36 hours) and the third factor was roasting time (10 and 13 minutes). Physical quality covered percentage of live insects, moisture content, foreign materials and amount of defective beans. Chemical quality covered moisture content, ash, fat, protein, caffeine and acidity. The results showed that physical quality of fermented beans i.e. moisture content and amount of defective beans were affected by fruit maturity level and fermentation time, while foreign materials is affected by the interaction between these two factors. Chemical quality of coffee i.e. fat and caffeine content were affected by the interaction between fruit maturity level, and fermentation and roasting time. Water and protein content were affected by interaction between fruit maturity level and fermentation time, and interaction between fruit maturity level and roasting time. The ash content is affected by the roasting time, whereas pH is affected by fermentation time and roasting time.

Pengaruh Fermentasi terhadap Citarasa Kopi Luwak Probiotik Rubiyo Rubiyo; Juniaty Towaha
Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar Vol 4, No 2 (2013): Buletin Riset Tanaman Rempah dan Aneka Tanaman Industri
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Perkebunan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jtidp.v4n2.2013.p175-182

Semakin tingginya permintaan akan kopi luwak, menyebabkan produksinya tidak bisa hanya mengharapkan dari hewan luwak liar maupun luwak budidaya. Salah satu alternatif adalah dengan penggunaan mikroba probiotik yang hidup pada saluran pencernaan hewan luwak yang dapat menghasilkan kopi terfermentasi dengan citarasa dan aroma yang khas. Penelitian produksi kopi luwak probiotik Robusta secara mikrobiologis untuk mendapatkan kualitas citarasa terbaik telah dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Provinsi Bali dari bulan Maret hingga Desember 2012. Tujuan penelitian adalah mendapatkan teknik periode fermentasi probiotik yang tepat dalam menghasilkan kualitas citarasa dan aroma kopi Robusta yang mendekati kualitas kopi luwak Robusta asli. Fermentasi dilakukan dalam 2 tahap, yaitu (1) fermentasi dilakukan dengan mikroba probiotik yang diisolasi dari intestum tenue (usus halus) luwak dan (2) fermentasi dilakukan dengan mikroba probiotik yang diisolasi dari caecum (usus buntu) luwak. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah P1=fermentasi tahap I selama 4 hari dan tahap II selama 4 hari, P2=fermentasi tahap I selama 5 hari dan tahap II selama 5 hari, P3=fermentasi tahap I selama 6 hari dan tahap II selama 6 hari, P4=fermentasi tahap I selama 7 hari dan tahap II selama 7 hari, dan sebagai pembanding P5=biji kopi luwak Robusta asli dari pembudidaya luwak. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa produksi kopi luwak secara probiotik merupakan cara pembuatan kopi luwak yang jauh lebih praktis daripada produksi kopi luwak melalui budidaya luwak. Kopi luwak probiotik Robusta yang mempunyai citarasa terbaik diperoleh pada perlakuan P3 dengan total skor citarasa 79,92, dengan citarasa yang sedikit lebih baik dibandingkan kopi luwak Robusta asli. Kata Kunci: Kopi luwak, produksi, probiotik, RobustaThe higher demand for civet coffee, causing production can not only expect from wild civet and civet cultivation. One alternative is to use probiotic microbes that live in the civet digestive that can produce fermented coffee with flavor and distinctive aroma. Research on the production of Robusta probiotic civet coffee microbiological to get the best flavor quality has been carried out in the laboratory of BPTP in Bali Province from March to December 2012. The objective of this research was to determine the appropriate probiotic fermentation period to produce flavor and aroma quality of Robusta coffee which are approaching the quality of the original Robusta civet coffee. Fermentation is done in 2 phases: the first phase, the fermentation is done with probiotic microbes isolated from intestum tenue of cive; and second phase, the fermentation is done with probiotic microbes isolated from the caecum of civet treatments examined are P1 = first phase fermentation for 4 days and second phase for 4 days; P2 = first phase fermentation for 5 days and second phase for 5 days; P3 = first phase fermentation for 6 days and second phase for 6 days; P4 = first phase fermentation for 7 days and second phase for 7 days, and as a comparison P5 = original Robusta civet coffee. The results found that civet coffee production in probiotic is a way of making a much more practical than production of civet coffee cultivation. The best flavor of Robusta probiotic civet coffee is obtained in P3 treatment with a total score of cupping test is 79,92, has a slightly better flavor than original Robusta civet coffee.

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