Abstrak - Pasal 21 ayat (2) huruf a Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemmenyebutkan bahwa setiap orang dilarang untuk menangkap, melukai, membunuh, menyimpan, memiliki, memelihara, mengangkut dan memperniagakan satwa yang dilindungi dalam keadaan hidup. Pelanggaran terhadap ketentuan ini diancam dengan pidana dalam Pasal 40 ayat (2) dengan pidana penjara paling lama 5 (lima) tahun dan denda paling banyak Rp.100.000.000,00 (seratus juta rupiah). Namun kenyataannya masih terdapat tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa yang dilindungi seperti jenis landak dan beberapa kasus diproses di luar pengadilan sebagaimana terjadi di Kabupaten Aceh Barat.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Faktor penyebab terjadinya tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa landak ialah faktor ekonomi, adanya kesempatan,lemahnya penegakan hukum serta masyarakat tidak mengetahui bahwa landak adalah satwa yang dilindungi. Alasan beberapa kasus tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa landak diproses diluar pengadilan karena kurangnya koordinasi antara pihak terkait dalam hal ini BKSDA dan Kepolisian dengan masyarakat, mengutamakan perlindungan satwa, serta kesulitan dalam penyelidikan. Upaya menanggulangi tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa landak dengan melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 serta melakukan patroli rutin di daerah yang diduga sering terjadi tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa yang dilindungi.Disarankan kepada pihak BKSDA, Kepolisian agar meningkatkan kinerja dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana, menjalin kerjasama dengan lembaga atau LSM terkait dalam menanggulangi tindak pidana memperniagakan satwa yang dilindungi serta lebih sering melakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat dan aktif melakukan patroli rutin.Kata Kunci : Konservasi, Satwa dilindungi Abstract - Article 9 paragraph (2) letter a Act No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems mention that every person is prohibited to "catch, injure, kill, possess, store, maintain, transport, and trade in protected wildlife alive", violations of these provisions is liable to a criminal in article 40 paragraph (2) "whoever intentionally committing a breach of the provisions referred to in Article 9 paragraph (1) and paragraph (2) and Article 33 paragraph (3) are convicted with imprisonment the longest 5 (five) years and a maximum fine of Rp 100,000,000.00 (one hundred million rupiah). But in reality there is still crime trade protected wildlife such as sea urchin and some types of cases processed outside of court that occurred in the district of Aceh Barat. The results showed the factors cause the occurrence of criminal acts of illegal wildlife trade Hystrix Brachyura is the economic factor, there is a chance, weak law enforcement and the public doesn't know that Hystrix Brachyura is a protected wildlife. The reason some cases of criminal acts of illegal wildlife trade Hystrix Brachyura is processed outside of court due to lack of coordination between related parties in this case BKSDA and the police with the community, giving priority to the protection of wildlife, as well as difficulties in the investigation. Efforts to tackle illegal wildlife trade crime Hystrix Brachyura conduct socialization about the Act No. 5 of 1990 on Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems And Biodiversity as well as conducting regular patrols in the area allegedly strong frequent criminal acts of trade protected wildlife. It is recommended to the BKSDA, in order to improve the performance of the police force in tackling crime, establish cooperation with related agencies in tackling the crime trade protected wildlife and more often perform socialization to society and actively conducting a routine patrol.Keywords : Conservation, protected wildlife