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All Journal SAINS MEDIKA : JURNAL KEDOKTERAN DAN KESEHATAN Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Farida Dwi Handayani
Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Vektor dan Reservoir Penyakit Salatiga
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology

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Surveillance of pathogenic Leptospira among rodents and small mammals in enzootic areas of plague in Pasuruan Indonesia Febriani, Siti Amanah; Dhanti, Kurnia Ritma; Kurniawan, Kurniawan; Ristiyanto, Ristiyanto; Junaedi, Arief; Sukowati, Caecilia Hapsari Ceriapuri; Handayani, Farida Dwi
Sains Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 15, No 1 (2024): June 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung (UNISSULA), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/sainsmed.v15i1.37499

Abstract

Leptospirosis is a globally significant yet often overlooked zoonotic infection. Several regions in Indonesia are endemic for leptospirosis, including East Java. Pasuruan a region located in the East Java province of Indonesia, has been recognized as an enzootic area of plague infection. However, the presence of other rodent-borne diseases has not been reported. This study aims to detect the presence of pathogenic Leptospira in rats and small mammals in the enzootic plague area of Pasuruan in Indonesia. This study belongs to the type of observational analytic research with a cross-sectional study design. Simple random sampling was conducted to trap a total of 119 forms 107 rats and 12 small mammal kidneys were analyzed molecularly (PCR) to detect Leptospira bacteria with the LipL32 gene as the target. The study revealed that 7.6% (9/119) of rats in the enzootic areas of plague (Sedaeng, Tosari, Surorowo, Petren, Pakis Bincil, Kutukan) were found to carry Leptospira DNA, indicating a significant difference between infection rates per region (p < 0.0001).  Rattus tanezumi was identified as the Leptospirosis reservoir in settlements habitats with a percentage of 13.2%, Rattus tiomanicus was detected at 28.6% in forest habitats, and Rattus exulans was found at 4.4% in both habitats. The findings in our study, it is crucial for the community to increase awareness of the spread of rodent-borne diseases, including Leptospirosis.
Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira in Sputum of Leptospirosis Patient with Pulmonary Hemorrhage. Handayani, Farida Dwi; Novipuspitasari, Lisa; Ahmed, Ahmed; Safari, Dodi; Hidajat, Muhammad Choirul; Soebandrio, Amin; Gasem, Muhammad Hussein
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 11, No 2 (2025): August 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v11i2.28259

Abstract

Background: The pathogenic Leptospira species is the causative agent of leptospirosis, an endemic zoonotic disease in Indonesia. Misdiagnosis of the disease frequently occurs, as confirmatory diagnosis confined to highly specialized laboratories. As well, the pulmonary involvement of leptospirosis with hemoptysis is scarcely reported.Case Presentation: A 49 years-old male patient was admitted to the district hospital with acute febrile illness and a history of traveling to a malaria-endemic area in Borneo, Indonesia. Based on a chest X-ray result, the patient was clinically suspected to have pulmonary tuberculosis. However, the clinical manifestations of leptospirosis i.e. conjunctival suffusion, calf pain, and oliguria were present, and later hemoptysis was also reported. A clinical diagnosis of leptospirosis with pulmonary involvement was proposed. Immunochromatographic test (ICT)-rapid test for vivax/falciparum malaria and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining of sputum for tuberculosis results were both negative. Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT), the IgM anti-Leptospira rapid test (lateral flow assay), and PCR amplification of both conventional and real-time (qPCR) were performed using various samples (serum, urine, and sputum). The MAT of acute single serum sample and rapid test were negative. Intriguingly, the PCR showed positive results in sputum and urine samples but not in the serum sample, highlighting the usefulness of leptospiral molecular detection to confirm further diagnosis.Conclusion: Molecular detection of pathogenic Leptospira in sputum samples can be considered for confirmatory diagnosis of leptospirosis patients with pulmonary hemorrhage. Likewise, the urine sample can be used as an option in the examination of severe leptospirosis.
Co-Authors Ahmed, Ahmed Amin Soebandrio Dhanti, Kurnia Ritma Febriani, Siti Amanah Gasem, Muhammad Hussein Hidajat, M Choirul Junaedi, Arief Kurniawan Kurniawan Novipuspitasari, Lisa Ristiyanto Ristiyanto Safari, Dodi Sukowati, Caecilia Hapsari Ceriapuri