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All Journal Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Communications in Science and Technology
Sri Budi Harmami
Polymer Chemistry Group, Research Center for Chemistry Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) Kawasan Puspiptek Serpong, Tangerang 15314 – Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Engineering Medicine & Pharmacology

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Determination of The Active Asiaticoside Content in Centella asiatica as Anti-Cellulite Agent Sondari, Dewi; Harmami, Sri Budi; Ghozali, M; Randy, Ahmad; S, Athanasia Amanda; Irawan, Yan
Indonesian Journal of Cancer Chemoprevention Vol 2, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Research Gateway

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (4.399 KB)

Abstract

Centella  asiatica  accumulates  large  quantities  of  pentacyclic  triterpenoid saponins,  collectively  known  as  centelloids.  These  terpenoids  include  asiaticoside, centelloside,  madecassoside,  brahmoside,  brahminoside,  thankuniside,  sceffoleoside, centellose, asiatic-, brahmic-, centellic- and madecassic acids. Preparations of C. asiatica are  used  in  traditional  and  alternative  medicine  due  to  the  wide  spectrum  of pharmacological  activities  associated  with  these  secondary  metabolites,  such  as anticellulite agent. Asiaticoside was found in Centella asiatica. In this present study, the asiaticoside was extracted using methanolic and ethanolic solvent. Determination of the asiaticoside  content  in  the  extract  was  conducted  with  High Performance  Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR). Samples of C.  asiatica used in this study came from three different plantation  areas,  Bogor,  Lembang  and  Solo.  Asiaticoside  content  in  the  methanolic extract  from  Bogor,  Lembang,  and  Solo  samples  were  2.82%;  2.68%;  and  2.8% respectively. Asiaticoside in ethanolic extract from Bogor, Lembang, and Solo samples were 2.79%; 2.75%; and 2.91% respectively. Two way ANOVA study showed that there was  significant  difference  between  types  of  solvent  used  in  extraction  and  the asiaticoside  content  in  the  obtained  extract,  significant  difference  between  varied plantation area and obtained asiaticoside content, and significant difference between interactions of different solvent with different plantation area.     Key words: Centella asiatica, asiaticoside, anticellulite, medicine, metabolites  
A simulation-based feasibility assessment of malic acid production from molasses using Rhizopus arrhizus Heriyanti; Marito, Olivia Yolanda; Huwaida, Ariqah Iffah; Ramadhan, Varrel Ariasatya; Harijanto, Fransiskus Xaverius Ray Setiadharma; Harmami, Sri Budi; Gozan, Misri
Communications in Science and Technology Vol 10 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21924/cst.10.1.2025.1629

Abstract

Malic acid is a valuable organic acid widely used in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical industries. It can be sustainably produced from underutilized molasses, often classified as waste. This study evaluated the feasibility of malic acid production from molasses, using Rhizopus arrhizus. A SuperPro Designer simulation integrated process design, economic analysis, and sensitivity evaluation and the results demonstrated economic viability with a Net Present Value (NPV) of $2,140,000 (7% discount rate), an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 15.81%, a Return on Investment (ROI) of 22.70, and a payback period (PP) of 4.40 years for an annual production capacity of 2,830 MT. Sensitivity analysis highlighted the selling price of malic acid as the most important economic factor. This feasibility study provides a novel approach to integrate molasses-based fermentation with simulation tools, offering actionable insights for industrial-scale implementation by quantifying key economic drivers.
Co-Authors Ahmad Randy Athanasia Amanda S Dewi Sondari Harijanto, Fransiskus Xaverius Ray Setiadharma Heriyanti Huwaida, Ariqah Iffah M Ghozali Marito, Olivia Yolanda Misri Gozan Ramadhan, Varrel Ariasatya Yan Irawan