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All Journal TEKNIK Afkaruna: Indonesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Islamic Studies Jurnal Media Hukum Jurnal Hukum Novelty Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Profetika Jurnal Akta BERDIKARI : Jurnal Inovasi dan Penerapan Ipteks JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Al-Majaalis : Jurnal Dirasat Islamiyah Prosiding Seminar Nasional Program Pengabdian Masyarakat Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam
Muchammad Ichsan
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Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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Kinerja Proses Hibrid Aerasi Bubble-Filtrasi pada Penyisihan Mangan dan Kekeruhan dalam Air Sumur Radityaningrum, Arlini Dyah; Ichsan, Muchammad; Kusuma, Maritha Nilam
TEKNIK Vol 45, No 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/teknik.v45i2.57735

Abstract

Tingginya konsentrasi Mangan (Mn(II)) dan kekeruhan dalam air sumur yang digunakan untuk air minum berdampak negatif pada kesehatan manusia. Proses hibrid aerasi bubble-filtrasi merupakan alternatif pengolahan dalam penyisihan Mn(II) dan kekeruhan. Microbubble dapat digunakan dalam proses aerasi untuk meningkatkan konsentrasi Dissolved Oxygen (DO) dalam air. Diameter microbubble mempengaruhi konsentrasi DO yang digunakan dalam proses oksidasi Mn(II). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk a) menentukan konsentrasi DO dalam air setelah proses aerasi, b) mengkaji kinerja proses hibrid aerasi bubble-filtrasi untuk  menyisihkan konsentrasi Mn(II) dan kekeruhan dalam air. Aerasi microbubble dioperasikan menggunakan venturi injektor dengan variasi diameter nozel dan waktu kontak. Media filter yang digunakan adalah pasir silika, manganese greensand, dan zeolit. Sampel uji diambil di inlet aerasi dan outlet filtrasi. Pengambilan sampel uji dilakukan secara semi-intermiten, pada menit ke-20, 35, dan 50, dengan dua kali pengulangan. Konsentrasi DO tertinggi (6,31 mg/L) dihasilkan dari proses hibrid menggunakan diameter nozel 6 mm dengan waktu kontak 50 menit. Konsentrasi Mn(II) terendah (0,12 mg/L) diperoleh pada proses hibrid yang menggunakan nozel berdiameter 7 mm, dengan efisiensi penyisihan 94%. Efisiensi penyisihan kekeruhan tertinggi (60%) adalah pada proses hibrid yang menggunakan diameter nozel 7 mm, dengan nilai kekeruhan yang dicapai sebesar 14,36 NTU.
Liability for Nuclear Damage: Perspectives of International Conventions, Indonesian Positive Law, and Islamic Law Fuadi, Gumilang; Ichsan, Muchammad
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 56 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v56i2.1223

Abstract

Abstract:Utilization of nuclear energy for nuclear power plants (PLTN/NPP) has great benefits for human life and, at the same time, can also cause an enormous negative impact in the event of an accident. And it is necessary to take responsibility for nuclear losses that might occur. This article examines the liability for nuclear damage from the perspective of international conventions, Indonesian positive law, and Islamic law. This article is a normative-doctrinal study. Using a conceptual, statutory, and comparative approach, this article concludes that there are similarities regarding the principle of liability for nuclear damage in the three legal systems (international conventions, Indonesian positive law, and Islamic law), namely that both adhere to the principle of strict liability, although in Islamic law it is not stated explicitly. On the other hand, some differences between the three legal systems, especially regarding the form of liability and the amount of compensation or compensation that must be given. In international conventions and Indonesian positive law, the responsibility for nuclear damage is attached to the nuclear operator, while in Islamic law, the responsibility for losses is borne by the party carrying out the damage. As for the limit for giving compensation, international conventions and Indonesian positive law have definitively determined it, while in Islamic law, the limit for giving compensation can be determined according to several models, namely: according to mutual agreement (at-taqdīr al-ittifāqi); based on the judge's decision (at-taqdīr al-qadāi), and based on the provisions of the legislature (at-taqdīr asy-syār'i).Abstrak:Pemanfaatan energi nuklir untuk pembangkit listrik tenaga nuklir (PLTN) memiliki manfaat yang besar bagi kehidupan umat manusia dan sekaligus juga dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif yang besar apabila terjadi kecelakaan. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pertanggungjawaban atas kerugian nuklir yang mungkin saja terjadi. Artikel ini mengkaji pertanggungjawaban kerugian nuklir dari sudut pandang konvensi internasional, hukum positif Indonesia, dan hukum Islam. Artikel ini merupakan kajian normatif-doktriner. Menggunakan pendekatan konseptual, perundang-undangan, dan perbandingan, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat persamaan mengenai prinsip pertanggungjawaban kerugian nuklir dalam ketiga sistem hukum tersebut (konvensi internasional, hukum positif Indonesia, dan hukum Islam), yakni sama-sama menganut prinsip tanggung jawab mutlak (strict liability), meskipun dalam hukum Islam tidak dinyatakan secara eksplisit. Di sisi lain, artikel ini juga menemukan adanya beberapa perbedaan di antara ketiga sistem hukum tersebut, terutama mengenai bentuk pertanggungjawaban dan besaran konpensasi atau ganti rugi yang harus diberikan. Dalam konvensi internasional dan hukum positif Indonesia, pertanggungjawaban kerugian nuklir melekat pada operator nuklir, sementara di dalam hukum Islam, pertanggungjawaban kerugian dibebankan kepada pihak yang melakukan tindakan kerusakan. Adapun berkaitan dengan batas pemberian ganti rugi, konvensi internasional dan hukum positif Indonesia telah menetapkannya secara definitif, sementara di dalam hukum Islam, batas pemberian ganti rugi bisa ditetapkan dengan beberapa model, yakni sesuai kesepakatan bersama (at-taqdīr al-ittifāqi); berdasarkan keputusan hakim (at-taqdīr al-qadāi), dan berdasarkan ketetapan pembuat undang-undang (al-taqdīr al-syār 'i).Keywords: Liability for nuclear damage; international conventions; Indonesian positive law; Islamic law
Kajian Yuridis atas Ketentuan Darurat Bencana dalam Konstitusi Sebagai Jaminan Hak Asasi Manusia Korban Bencana Nanik Prasetyoningsih; Muchammad Ichsan
Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM Vol. 31 No. 1: JANUARI 2024
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/iustum.vol31.iss1.art3

Abstract

Indonesia faces a high risk of disasters, which require community involvement and participation in disaster management. The state cannot handle disasters without the community's help, and the research aims to examine the disaster emergency provisions in the 1945 Constitution to guarantee the human rights of disaster victims. This normative legal research found that emergency provisions are regulated in Article 12 and Article 22, granting the President emergency power. However, the 1945 Constitution does not specifically focus on the rights of communities affected by disasters or regulate the principles the government or president must adhere to in limiting or reducing constitutional rights during a disaster. Therefore, it is necessary to amend articles to include provisions that focus on the rights of people affected by disasters and the terms and conditions for limiting or reducing constitutional rights of citizens.Keywords: Constitution; Disaster; Emergency Power; Emergency Provision; Human Rights. AbstrakIndonesia menghadapi risiko bencana yang tinggi, yang membutuhkan keterlibatan dan partisipasi masyarakat dalam penanggulangan bencana. Negara tidak dapat menangani bencana tanpa bantuan masyarakat, dan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji ketentuan darurat bencana dalam UUD 1945 untuk menjamin hak asasi manusia korban bencana. Penelitian yuridis normatif ini menemukan ketentuan keadaan darurat diatur dalam Pasal 12 dan Pasal 22, pemberian kekuasaan darurat kepada Presiden. Namun, UUD 1945 tidak secara khusus berfokus pada hak-hak masyarakat yang terkena bencana atau mengatur prinsip-prinsip yang harus dipatuhi pemerintah atau presiden dalam membatasi atau mengurangi hak-hak konstitusional saat terjadi bencana. Oleh karena itu, perlu untuk mengubah pasal untuk memasukkan ketentuan yang berfokus pada hak-hak orang yang terkena dampak bencana dan syarat dan ketentuan untuk membatasi atau mengurangi hak-hak konstitusional warga negara.Kata Kunci: Bencana; Hak Asasi Manusia; Kekuasaan Darurat; Ketentuan Darurat; Konstitusi.
Land Abandonment in Indonesia: Perspective of National Land Law and Islamic Law Adinata, Hendrix; Ichsan, Muchammad
JURNAL AKTA Vol 10, No 4 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Program Magister (S2) Kenotariatan, Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30659/akta.v10i4.33908

Abstract

The increasing number of people causes the need for land to increase. On the other hand, there is still a lot of land neglect by individuals and legal entities, giving rise to social, economic, and people's welfare disparities and reducing environmental quality. This study aims to determine and analyze land abandonment from the perspective of national land law and Islamic law. The writing method uses juridical-normative legal research examining library materials or secondary data. The research results show that land abandonment from the perspective of national land law is currently regulated in the Regulation of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia Number 20 of 2021 concerning Controlling Abandoned Areas and Land. Abandoned freehold land becomes the object of control over abandoned land with the provision that it is not used, exploited, or maintained for 20 years. Meanwhile, land with building use rights, use rights, management rights, and business use rights becomes the object of controlling abandoned land if it is not used, utilized, or maintained for two years from the issuance of the rights. Meanwhile, from the perspective of Islamic law, land abandonment can be seen from the opinions of the Hambali, Syafi'i, and Maliki Fuqaha. The Hambali School stipulates three years for cultivating land. If the land cannot be developed within that time, the rights to the land will be lost, and the State will take the land to be distributed to other people. Meanwhile, the Syafi'i and Maliki schools do not determine a specific period but solely based on why the ground is not cultivated.
Res Ipsa Loquitur: Evidence in Civil Law and Islamic Law; Viewed from a doctrinal point of view windy virdinia putri; Muchammad Ichsan; Nanik Prasetyoningsih
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 22 No. 2 (2023): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v22i2.4409

Abstract

In cases of suspected medical malpractice, it is tough to prove that there is an element of negligence because access to evidence is within or under the perpetrator's control, making it difficult for the victim to access it. In the legal field, the doctrine of res ipsa loquitur was introduced, which makes it easier for victims to prove who is guilty by showing indirect evidence, namely evidence of a fact or several facts from which a reasonable conclusion can be drawn. This research examines the application of res ipsa loquitur in terms of doctrine, civil evidence law, and Islamic law. This research is a literature study using a normative approach that refers to civil evidence law and Islamic law provisions. The legal analysis used is a conceptual, comparative and case study approach. This research found that applying res ipsa loquitur in judicial practice, as long as it is not regulated in procedural law, is a principle that becomes a source for judges to find the law. In civil evidence law, res ipsa loquitur can be implemented through presumptive evidence concluded by the judge. Meanwhile, in Islamic law, there are dalil (instructions) for qarinah, which are equated with presumptive evidence, so that res ipsa loquitur, which can be enforced through presumptive evidence, can also be enforced through qarinah evidence.
EDUKASI DAN PEMERIKSAAN KESEHATAN UNTUK PENCEGAHAN DAN PENGENDALIAN HIPERTENSI PADA WARGA BINAAN Apriningsih, Apriningsih; Hasan, Khairunisa; Izzah, Raudina; Annajah, Safinah; Ichsan, Muchammad; Pebriyanti, Anisya; Yusuf, Huwaydi Azzam; Hanifa, Fahma Fadila
JMM (Jurnal Masyarakat Mandiri) Vol 8, No 3 (2024): Juni
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jmm.v8i3.23398

Abstract

Abstrak: Hipertensi merupakan masalah penyakit tidak menular yang paling banyak terjadi di wilayah Pengasinan Kota Depok, dengan jumlah penderita sebanyak 9,21% dari total penduduk sebanyak 33 dari 358 orang. Intervensi terhadap hipertensi bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman masyarakat tentang hipertensi, sehingga warga dapat lebih sadar akan pentingnya menerapkan langkah-langkah pencegahan dan pengendalian, baik pada diri sendiri maupun dalam lingkup keluarga. Kegiatan intervensi meliputi penyuluhan tentang hipertensi, pemeriksaan kesehatan, dan kegiatan senam bersama, dengan partisipasi 44 warga. Mitra dalam kegiatan ini adalah warga lansia Pengasinan, Kota Depok. Hasil tes menunjukkan adanya peningkatan signifikan dalam pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai hipertensi setelah intervensi, yang ditandai dengan peningkatan nilai rata-rata pengetahuan dari 64,9 menjadi 72,7.Abstract: Hypertension is a non-communicable disease that is most prevalent in RT 01 – 05 RW 003, Pengasinan Subdistrict, with the number of sufferers accounting for 9.21% of the total population, which is 33 out of 358 individuals. Intervention against hypertension aims to enhance public understanding of the condition, enabling residents to be more aware of the importance of implementing preventive and control measures, both personally and within the family scope. The intervention activities encompass hypertension education, health check-ups, and joint exercise sessions, with the participation of 44 residents. The partner in this endeavor is RW 08, Pengasinan Subdistrict, Sawangan District, Depok City. The evaluation results a significant increase in public knowledge about hypertension post-intervention, indicated by an elevation in the average knowledge score from 64.9 to 72.7.
KONSEP UANG DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMI ISLAM Muchammad Ichsan
Profetika: Jurnal Studi Islam Vol. 21, No. 1, Special Issue 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/profetika.v21i1.11646

Abstract

Manusia telah menggunakan uang sebagai alat untuk bertransaksi sejak lama sekali. Uang yang digunakan sebagai mata uang resmi sejak zaman Nabi Muhammad saw. dan diteruskan oleh para Khalifah setelahnya selama berabad-abad lamanya adalah uang dinar emas dan dirham perak. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk membentangkan konsep uang menurut perekonomian Islam. Untuk tujuan tersebut, metode kajian hukum normative dipakai dalam penulisannya. Data diambil dari sumber data primer dan sekunder. Di antara temuan kajian ini ialah bahwa dalam perspektif ekonomi Islam, uang adalah segala sesuatu yang diterima secara umum dan diterbitkan oleh lembaga keuangan yang berwenang sebagai media pertukaran dan pengukur serta penyimpan nilai. Selain itu, penggunaan uang dinar emas dan dirham perak bukan suatu kewajiban agama, tapi sejarah membuktikan bahwa dua mata uang tersebut sangat stabil dan tidak terkena inflasi sebagaimana uang kertas. Menurut perspektif ekonomi Islam, uang mempunyai tiga fungsi yaitu sebagai alat tukar, sebagai satuan hitung atau pengukur nilai, dan sebagai penyimpan nilai apabila uang terbuat dari emas dan perak. Dalam bidang keuangan, Islam mempunyai banyak ketentuan, antara lain seperti penggunaan uang sebagai alat pengukur nisab dan kadar zakat, mahar, kaffarah, nisab potong tangan bagi pencuri, diyat, dan jizyah.
Organizing Halal Certification Services After Law No 6 Cipta Kerja 2023 Case Study Halal Center Uin Sunan Kalijaga Warsis Mawardi; Muchammad Ichsan; Moh. Lubsi Tuqo Romadhan
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 23 No. 1 (2024): Pena Justisia
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v23i3.5500

Abstract

Law Number 06 of 2023 concerning Halal Product Guarantee is one of the laws included in the structuring cluster of the Law on Job Creation (omnibus law). Several provisions / norms were changed as an effort to regulate regulations for the ease of business licenses in Indonesia, Halal certification for MSE Products, changes in the authority to accredit the Halal Examining Agency (LPH), the authority to certify Halal Auditors, the involvement of Islamic organizations in the implementation of LPH, simplifying the bureaucracy, the timing of issuing Halal certificates and changing sanctions for norm violations are some of the provisions that distinguish between the Law on Halal Product Guarantee and the Law on Job Creation in this Halal Product Guarantee (JPH) cluster. This method was chosen because the analysis cannot be in the form of numbers and researchers describe all phenomena that exist in society clearly. This research also contains facts that occur in the field and an overview of the role of the Halal Center UIN Sunan Kalijaga in carrying out the mandate of the Job Creation Law on Halal Product Guarantee so that it can then be studied in depth with theoretical approaches. LP3H UIN Sunan Kalijaga has conducted 6 batches of PPH Facilitator Training, from March - July 2022 and from around 1400 participants only graduated 900 PPH Facilitators from all over Indonesia. In 2023, LP3H UIN Sunan Kalijaga began to hold PPH Facilitator Training, as of July 2023 it has conducted up to 12 batches of training, and from 2200 participants graduated 1400 PPH Facilitators from all over Indonesia. The cost comparison after the existence of the Job Creation Law is quite significant where previously they had to pay a minimum of Rp. 2,500,000, - while now it is only 0 rupiah or free
Co-Authors Adinata, Hendrix Al-Qudah, Adam Ma'abdeh Annajah, Safinah Apriningsih, Apriningsih Apriningsih Arlini Dyah Radityaningrum Fitriyanti, Fadia Fuadi, Gumilang Gumilang Fuadi Hanifa, Fahma Fadila Hasan, Khairunisa Imron Rosyadi Izzah, Raudina Juhari Sasmito Aji Maritha Nilam Kusuma Moh. Lubsi Tuqo Romadhan Muchamad Zaenuri Muhammad Maulana Iqbal Husein Nanik Prasetyoningsih Nanik Prasetyoningsih Nanik Prasetyoningsih Pebriyanti, Anisya Setiorini, Kusumaningdiah Retno Warsis Mawardi Widyastuti, Titiek windy virdinia putri Yusuf, Huwaydi Azzam