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All Journal Jurnal Veteriner Althea Medical Journal Damianus Journal of Medicine The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Iskandar Rahardjo Budianto
Department Of Surgery, School Of Medicine And Health Sciences, Universitas Katolik Indonesia Atma Jaya, Jl. Jendral Sudirman No.51, Jakarta
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Veterinary

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ASAP ROKOK KONVENSIONAL DAN ELEKTRONIK MEMBERIKAN GAMBARAN KERUSAKAN STRUKTUR ALVEOLUS YANG SAMA Jenny Lauvita; Tena Djuartina; Dyonesia Ary; Iskandar Rahardjo Budianto; Robi Irawan
Bahasa Indonesia Vol 21 No 1 (2022): Damianus Journal of Medicine
Publisher : Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25170/djm.v21i1.2093

Abstract

Introduction: Cigarettes have become the cause of health problems and even death, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. Cigarettes contain various free radical components for the body, thereby increasing inflammation in various organs and tissues, especially the lungs. This will trigger proteolysis so that the alveoli lose elasticity. Electronic cigarettes are then introduced as an alternative to reduce smoking. However, there has been not enough research conducted on their safety and long-term effects of e-cigarettes, so researcher aim to compare the impact of conventional and electronic cigarettes on alveolar damage. Methods: This research was conducted experimentally, using 30 male Sprague Dawley rats aged 10-12 weeks and weighing 150-250 grams as sample. These rats were necropsed after being exposed to cigarettes smoke and e-cigarettes vapor for 2 weeks and 4 weeks to make lung tissue preparations with HE staining. These preparations were observed under a microscope to measure the degree of alveolar damage based on the edema, alveolar septal destruction, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Finally, the data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis followed by one-Mann-Whitney statistical tests with STATA. Results: Rats exposed to conventional cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor in the second week already showed significant alveolar damage compared to the control group. (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between exposure for 2 weeks and 4 weeks. (p>0.05) Between rats given conventional cigarette smoke and electronic cigarette vapor, there was no significant difference in degree of alveolar damage at week 2 and week 4. (p>0.05) Discussion: As a result, both conventional cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor have the same effect on alveolar damage. This is because both conventional cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor contain nicotine which will trigger the release of fibronectin so that it can trigger fibrosis in the lung parenchyma. In addition, the carbon monoxide contained in both can inhibit fibroblast proliferation and damage the elastin in the alveolar wall, so that the alveoli lose its elasticity and tend to expand. Keywords: Lung inflammation, cigarettes effect on lungs, e-cigarettes, tobacco cigarette, lung damage
A Comparative Study on Different Effects and Exposure Duration Between Conventional Cigarette Smoke and Electronic Cigarette Vapor on Serum Interleukin-1? Level: An In Vivo Study Vienna Christantia; Iskandar Rahardjo Budianto; Tena Djuartina; Maria Dara Novi Handayani
Jurnal Veteriner Vol 23 No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University and Published in collaboration with the Indonesia Veterinarian Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (98.053 KB) | DOI: 10.19087/jveteriner.2022.23.2.252

Abstract

Smoking is known to have bad effects on health. People start using e-cigarettes with the assumption that e-cigarettes are safer, but the safety of e-cigarettes is still in doubt. Harmful substances from cigarettes can trigger an increase in free radicals and induce inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the increase of serum Interleukin-1? due to exposure to conventional cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor based on exposure time. This study was conducted experimentally on 30 male white rats Sprague Dawley strain. The rats were divided into five treatment groups (control group, two and four weeks of exposure to conventional cigarette smoke, and two and four weeks of exposure to electronic cigarette vapor). Smoking session was given once a day. The rats were sacrificed then necropsied and Interleukin-? levels were calculated using the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) Kit. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistical test. Exposure to conventional cigarette smoke and e-cigarette vapor did not give any significant changes to Interleukin-1? level in rats, both at two weeks and four weeks of exposure. However, there was a tendency of increased Interleukin-1? levels with increasing time. This tendency is more obvious in groups with exposure to conventional cigarette.
Paneth Cell Hyperplasia and Metaplasia in Hirschsprung-associated Enterocolitis in An Aganglionosis Rat Model Iskandar Rahardjo Budianto; Agus Firmansyah; Yefta Moenadjat; Ahmad Aulia Jusuf; Vivian Soetikno
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 14, No 4 (2022)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v14i4.2007

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Many hypotheses regarding the pathophysiology of enterocolitis in aganglionic megacolon or Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) has been proposed. Paneth cells are columnar intestinal epithelial cells that have an important role in maintaining of intestinal homeostasis as a bactericide. Since enterocolitis in HSCR may have association with Paneth cells metaplasia and hyperplasia, current study investigated Paneth cells metaplasia and hyperplasia in the sigmoid colon of HSCR rat model and its products, namely a-defensins and IL-1b, in the sigmoid colon tissues.METHODS: Aganglionosis-induced and control Sprague-Dawley rats were euthanized on Day (D)-7, -14, -17, -19, -21, -23, -25, and -28. Sigmoid colon tissue was isolated at each time point, and degree of enterocolitis as well as Paneth cells metaplasia and hyperplasia were analyzed by Hematoxylin-eosin staining, then protein levels of a-defensins and interleukin (IL)-1b were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).RESULTS: Enterocolitis scores increased with time. The Paneth cells metaplasia and hyperplasia were observed on D14 until D28 (p<0.01 vs. control group) followed by an increased in the levels of IL-1b. The levels of a-defensins protein expression were initially increased (D7-D14; p<0.01 vs. control group) but then undergo reciprocal changes on D19 until D28 (p<0.01 vs. D7 and D14). Positive correlations between the degree of enterocolitis and Paneth cells number were detected in the sigmoid colon (r=0.42).CONCLUSION: Paneth cells underwent metaplasia and hyperplasia in the sigmoid colon of HSCR rats corresponding to an increase in the degree of enterocolitis, but not followed by an increase in the level of a-defensins as well as IL-1b, suggesting that there is an involvement of Paneth cells in the pathophysiology of enterocolitis due to HSCR.KEYWORDS: Hirschsprung, enterocolitis, defensins; metaplasia, Paneth cell, animal model
Effects of Aloe Vera Extract on Basal Cell Thickness and Lymphocyte Infiltration at the Gastroesophageal Junction in a Rat Model of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Shella Violita; Tena Djuartina; Vetinly Vetinly; Iskandar Rahardjo Budianto
Althea Medical Journal Vol 13, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15850/amj.v13n1.4208

Abstract

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic gastrointestinal  disorder with increasing global prevalence. Aloe vera contains bioactive compounds with potential anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Aloe vera extract in a Sprague-Dawley rat model of GERD.Methods: This experimental study included 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into eight groups: normal (N), negative control (NC), two positive controls receiving pantoprazole for 7 or 14 days (PCI and PCII), and four treatment groups receiving Aloe vera extract at doses of 250 or 500 mg/kg body weight for 7 or 14 days (DI–DIV). After treatment, the rats were euthanized and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) tissues were collected for histopathological analysis. Basal cell thickness and lymphocyte infiltration were assessed. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc testing.Results: Administration of Aloe vera extract at doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight significantly reduced basal cell thickness compared with the untreated GERD group (p<0.05). However, no significant reduction in lymphocyte infiltration  was observed (p>0.05).Conclusions: Aloe vera extract exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in GERD-induced rats by reducing basal cell thickness at the GEJ. These findings suggest its potential as a complementary therapeutic approach for GERD, although further studies are needed to evaluate long-term efficacy and safety.
Co-Authors Agus Firmansyah Ahmad Aulia Jusuf Dyonesia Ary Irawan, Robi Jenny Lauvita Maria Dara Novi Handayani, Maria Dara Novi Shella Violita Tena Djuartina Tena Djuartina, Tena Vetinly Vetinly Vienna Christantia Vivian Soetikno Yefta Moenadjat