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All Journal Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika (JST) Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis Indonesian Journal of Geography JOURNAL OF COASTAL DEVELOPMENT Jurnal Penelitian Fisika dan Aplikasinya (JPFA) Jurnal Matematika & Sains Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences International Journal of Advances in Intelligent Informatics JURNAL ILMIAH PENDIDIKAN FISIKA AL BIRUNI Jurnal Fisika FLUX Science and Technology Indonesia Jurnal Penelitian Sains Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) IJEMS (Indonesian Journal of Environmental Management and Sustainability) Marine Research in Indonesia Jurnal Kelautan Nasional Jurnal Ilmu Fisika International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES) Indonesian Physical Review Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Fisika Indobiosains SRIWIJAYA JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENT JIFP (Jurnal Ilmu Fisika dan Pembelajarannya) Makara Journal of Science Kemas Journal:Jurnal Pengabdian masyarakat The International Journal of Remote Sensing and Earth Sciences (IJReSES)
Iskhaq Iskandar
University Of Sriwijaya
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Immunology & microbiology Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences Transportation

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Journal : Makara Journal of Science

 1 
Impact of El Niño and El Niño Modoki Events on Indonesian Rainfall Iskandar, Iskhaq; Lestrai, Deni Okta; Nur, Muhammad
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 23, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

On an interannual time-scale, the Indonesian climate is strongly influenced by the dynamics of Indo-Pacific climate modes. This study aims to investigate the possible impact of different types of El Niño events, namely, typical El Niño and El Niño Modoki, on Indonesian rainfall variability. Seasonal composite analysis was used to evaluate the magnitude and significance level of the influence of El Niño on the rainfall variability over the Indonesian region. Typical El Niño (hereafter El Niño) has a stronger influence on Indonesian rainfall than the El Niño Modoki during boreal autumn in September, October, and November when the events almost reach their peak. Cold sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies were observed in the Indonesian sea and in the western Pacific during El Niño years, while cold SST anomalies covered only the eastern Indonesian sea during El Niño Modoki years. Strong cold SST anomalies during El Niño years led to stronger low-level wind divergence over the Maritime Continent compared with that during El Niño Modoki years. In addition, the Walker circulation during El Niño years revealed a stronger downward motion over the Maritime Continent than that observed during El Niño Modoki years. This stronger downward motion (low-level wind divergence) during El Niño years reduced lower atmospheric water vapor and suppressed atmospheric convection over the Maritime Continent, leading to a significant decrease in rainfall. Similar situations were also observed during El Niño Modoki years but with a much weaker amplitude.
Mixed-layer Heat Budget in Western and Eastern Tropical Pacific Ocean during El Niño Event in 2015/2016 Kusuma, Willy Anta; Nur, Muhammad; Khakim, Mokhamad Yusup Nur; Iskandar, Iskhaq
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 24, No. 1
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Temporal variation of mixed-layer heat budget at two contrasting locations, namely, western Pacific (warm water pool) and eastern Pacific (cold tongue) during the extreme El Niño phenomenon in 2015/2016 is evaluated. Oceanic and atmospheric datasets, including sea surface temperature (SST), wind stress, shortwave radiation (SWR), longwave radiation, latent heat flux (LHF), and sensible heat flux are analyzed. A slight warming occurred in the eastern tropical Pacific associated with a positive SST anomaly, which reflected the weakening or reversal of the trade winds. Meanwhile, the western tropical Pacific exhibited a cooling tendency during the development phase of El Niño. Analysis of the mixed-layer heat budget shows that the net heat flux due to SWR and LHF significantly contributes to the warming of the eastern tropical Pacific. The contribution from horizontal advection was extremely small on both sides. The analysis shows that the residual term significantly contributes to cooling (warming) tendency observed in the western (eastern) tropical Pacific. This condition may suggest that residual process due to entrainment and diffusivity played an important role in the evolution of cooling (warming) process in the western (eastern) tropical Pacific.
Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Mode in the Tropical Indian Ocean during 2011 Iskandar, Iskhaq; Mardiansyah, Wijaya; Setiabudidaya, Dedi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 18, No. 4
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

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Abstract

Coupled ocean-atmosphere mode in the tropical Indian Ocean, so-called the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), occurred
VARIABILITY OF SATELLITE-OBSERVED SEA SURFACE HEIGHT IN THE TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN: COMPARISON OF EOF AND SOM ANALYSIS Iskandar, Iskhaq
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 13, No. 2
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Weekly sea surface height (SSH) in the tropical Indian Ocean (20°S - 20°N) was analyzed for the period of January 1993 – December 2007 using an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and a self-organizing maps (SOM) analysis. The EOF analysis identifies four patterns and three of them are contained in the SOM patterns. The SOM, on the other hand, characterizes the sea level variability, which shows twenty-five patterns. The patterns with low (high) sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) in the southern (northern) hemisphere associated with the monsoonal winds dominate the variation in both two methods. The SOM is also able to separate typical patterns associated with the ENSO and or the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) events. Low SSHA occupied the western half of the basin while high SSHA loaded in the eastern basin when the La Niña event is taking place. The El Niño event is characterized by low SSHA in the northern hemisphere, along the equator and along the eastern boundary, while high SSHA in the southwestern part of the basin. The IOD event shows a dipole like pattern with low SSHA in the east and high SSHA in the west. When the IOD co-occurred with El Niño, a distinct dipole pattern is clearly observed.
Co-Authors AA Sudharmawan, AA Aan Johan Wahyudi Adam Darmawan Afdal Agus Dwi Saputra Agus Dwi Saputra, Agus Dwi Akmal Johan Aldri Frinaldi ANDY MULYANA Anindya Wirasatriya Anna IS Purwiyanto Apriani, Yosi Arsali Arsali Assaidah, Assaidah Azhar Affandi Azhar K. Affandi Azhar Kholiq Affandi Bahiyah, Amirotul Dedi Setiabudidaya Deni Okta Lestari Dwi Setyawan Eddy, Syaiful Edy Sutriyono Edy Sutriyono Fadli Syamsuddin FAUZIYAH Fitri Agustriani Hadi Hamdi Akhsan Herlambang, Dominikus Krisna Hilda Zulkifli Hilda Zulkifli Indra Yustian Keisuke Mizuno Khairul Saleh Khakim, Mokhamad Yusup Nur Khofaria, Hafizhu Kusuma, Willy Anta Lestrai, Deni Okta Melly Ariska Moh. Rasyid Ridho Mokhamad Yusup Nur Khakim Muhammad Abu Bakar Sidik Muhammad Hendri Muhammad Irfan muhammad irfan Muhammad Irfan Muhammad Nur Nuril Azhar Nurjuliasti Ningsih, Ellis Pradanto Poerwono Puad Maulana Mandailing Putri, Jamiatul Khairunnisa Putriyani, Fena Siska Qurnia Wulan Sari Raden Putra Rendy M. Wahid Rezi Apri Rozirwan . Sabaruddin Kadir Sabaruddin Sabaruddin SABARUDDIN, . Septi Hermialingga Sofian, Ian Mochamad Suhadi Suhadi Suhadi Suhanda, Alfin Supari Supari Supari Supari, Supari SUTOPO Wijaya Mardiansyah Wijaya Mardiansyah Wijaya Mardiansyah Wijaya Mardiansyah Wijaya Mardiansyah Wijaya Mardiansyah, Wijaya Yukio Masumoto Zulfikhar Zulfikhar Zulfikhar, Zulfikhar Zulkifli Dahlan