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All Journal Humaniora Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter Cakrawala Pendidikan Jurnal Penelitian Humaniora DIKSI Litera Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) BAHASTRA LingTera KEMBARA Indonesian Language Education and Literature Adabiyyat: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Widyaparwa Literature and Literacy
Burhan Nurgiyantoro
Univeristas Negeri Yogyakarta
Arts Humanities Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Litera

 1 
THE WAYANG STORY IN MODERN INDONESIAN FICTIONS (Reviews on Mangunwijaya and Sindhunata’s Novels) Nurgiyantoro, Burhan
LITERA Vol 18, No 2: LITERA JULI 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v18i2.24997

Abstract

The wayang story is the traditional story which influences toward the writing of modern Indonesian literature. This study is aimed at describing the adoption of  aspects of stories in the wayang stories plays in modern Indonesian novels with a focus on Mangunwijaya and Sindhunata’s novels; i.e. Burung-burung Manyar, Durga Umayi, and Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin. The study uses the receptional, intertextual, and discourse-analysis approaches. Results show the following findings. Character referencing from shadow-wayang stories included naming and characterizing, viz. complete adoption of names and characters of wayang figures, hypogram of simultaneous naming and characterizing, and characterizing with no naming. The hypogramming of novel plots on the shadow wayang plots includes shadow-wayang show plots and shadow-wayang story plots. Every work has its own uniqueness and it is on this uniqueness that lies the values of a fiction work. This can be seen from the development of characterization of the figures and specific and unique plots. The value substances of the wayang story are related to personal, social, and religious life matters leading to perfect lives. Shadow-wayang values in novels are discharged through signification, comparison, symbolization, characters, life principles, and behaviours functioning more as cultural guidances. Keywords: shadow wayang, modern Indonesian novels, hypogram, characterization, plot, values WAYANG DALAM NOVEL INDONESIA MODERN(Tinjauan Novel Mangunwijaya dan Sindhunata) AbstractCerita wayang adalah adalah cerita tradisional yang berpengaruh terhadap penulisan sastra Indonesia modern. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan pemunculan aspek cerita wayang dalam novel Indonesia modern dengan fokus pada novel Mangunwijaya dan Sindhunata, yaitu Burung-burung Manyar, Durga Umayi, dan Anak Bajang Menggiring Angin. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan resepsi, intertekstual, dan analisis wacana. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hal-hal sebagai berikut. Perujukan penokohan dari cerita wayang mencakup penamaan dan perwatakan, yaitu pengambilan lengkap nama dan karakter tokoh wayang, hipogram penamaan dengan perwatakan sekaligus, dan perwatakan tanpa disertai penamaan. Hipogram plot novel pada plot wayang mencakup plot pertunjukan wayang dan plot cerita wayang. Tiap karya memiliki keunikannya sendiri dan di situlah antara lain letak nilai sebuah karya fiksi. Hal itu terlihat pada pengembangan karakter tokoh, plot yang khas dan unik. Substansi nilai-nilai cerita wayang berkaitan dengan masalah kehidupan pribadi, sosial, dan religius yang bermuara untuk mencapai kesempurnaan hidup. Nilai-nilai wayang dalam novel disampaikan lewat pembandingan, pelambangan, simbolisasi, karakter, sikap hidup, dan perilaku tokoh yang lebih berfungsi sebagai acuan kultural. Kata Kunci: wayang, novel Indonesia modern, hipogram, penokohan, plot, nilai-nilai
TRANSFORMASI CERITA WAYANG DALAM NOVEL AMBA DAN PULANG Nurgiyantoro, Burhan
LITERA Vol 15, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v15i2.11823

Abstract

Penelitian bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk-bentuk transformasi unsur cerita wayang dalam novel Amba dan Pulang. Subjek penelitian adalah novel Amba karya Laksmi Pamuntjak dan Pulang karya Leila S. Chudori. Data dikumpulkan lewat kajian pustaka dan analisis wacana; kedua novel sebagai sumber data primer dan buku-buku cerita wayang sebagai umber data sekunder. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Transformasi cerita wayang secara intensif ditemukan ada aspek penokohan dan alur. Transformasi penokohan mencakup tiga bentuk, yaitu hipogram nama dan karakter, karakter tanpa nama, dan nama tanpa karakter. Transformasi alur mencakup dua bentuk, yaitu kisah cinta segitiga dan hubungan kekeluargaan. Alur kisah cinta segitiga dalam novel Amba melibatkan tokoh Amba, Salwa, dan Bhisma yang berhipogram pada cerita wayang dengan tokoh yang sama. Alur kisah cinta segitiga novel Pulang melibatkan tokoh Dimas, Surti, dan Hananto yang secara metaforis berhipogram pada kisah cinta Bima, Drupadi, dan Arjuna. Kerinduan pada tanah air Dimas sebagai eksil berhipogram secara metaforis kepada Ekalaya.
KONSTRUK ASESMEN LITERASI FUNGSIONAL UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA Burhan Nurgiyantoro; Beniati Lestyarini; Dwi Hanti Rahayu
LITERA Vol 19, No 2: LITERA JULI 2020
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v19i2.32977

Abstract

Literasi fungsional menyiratkan bahwa literasi dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas masyarakat, meraih tujuan, dan meningkatkan kemampuan diri. Penelitian validatif ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi konstruk asesmen literasi fungsional untuk siswa SMP dan mengalisis butir soalnya dengan Model Rasch. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui observasi, wawancara, FGD, dan tes. Sebanyak 5 orang guru dan 246 siswa dari 5 SMP di DIY, serta 3 pakar dilibatkan dalam proses pengumpulan data. Hasil penelitian berupa konstruk literasi fungsional dari National Assessment for Adult Literacy (NAAL) dimodifikasi dalam 15 jenis literasi, yaitu literasi prosa, digital, dokumen, numerik, lingkungan, kesehatan, pariwisata, transportasi, keselamatan jalan, kesantunan berbahasa, mitigasi bencana, finansial, budaya, visual, dan sosial. Hasil analisis 60 butir soal dengan Model Rasch berbantuan program QUEST menunjukkan probability level 0,50 dengan indeks reliabilitas 0,98. Mean INFIT MNSQ sebesar 1.00 dengan SD 0,04 yang fit dengan Model Rasch. Butir soal yang layak berada pada rentang threshold (± 2) adalah 51 buah (85%), sedangkan yang di luar rentang tersebut 9 butir (15%). Siswa dengan skor ≥75 sebesar 38,2%, sedang yang belum memenuhi standar sebanyak 61,8%.  Indikator esensial dan batang soal menjadi bagian penting untuk melihat kemampuan literasi fungsional siswa. Kata kunci: literasi fungsional, asesmen, analisis butir soal, Model Rasch  THE CONSTRUCTS OF FUNCTIONAL LITERACY ASSESSMENT FOR JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS AbstractFunctional literacy implies that literacy can be used for improving society capacities, obtaining goals, and increasing self-capabilities. The present study is aimed at identifying the constructs of the functional literacy assessment of junior high school students and analysing the item responses by using the Rasch Model. The data were collected through observation, interview, FGD and testing. Five teachers, 246 students from five junior high schools in Yogyakarta Province, and 3 experts were involved in the research processes. Results show that the constructs of the functional literacy from the National Assessment for Adult Literacy (NAAL) concepts have been modified into 15 types of literacy: prose, digital, document, numerical, environmental, health, tourism, transportation, road safety, language civility, disaster mitigation, financial, cultural, visual, and social). The results of the item analysis (60 items) using the Rasch Model with the QUEST program produce a probability value of 0.50 with a reliability index of 0.98. The INFIT MNSQ mean of 1.00 with an SD of 0.4 fits with the Rasch model. Items are eligible for an appropriate threshold range (± 2) of 51 grains or 85% while items outside the range of ± 2 is 9 (15%). Students with a score of ≥ 75 are 94 in number (38.2%). Meanwhile, students who have not fulfilled the standard amount to 61.8%. Essential indicators and item stems have an important role in reflecting the students’ functional literacy competences. Keywords: functional literacy, assessment, item response, Rasch model
ASPEK KE-SOEHARTO-AN DALAM KUMPULAN CERPEN SOEHARTO DALAM CERPEN INDONESIA Burhan Nurgiyantoro
LITERA Vol 4, No 1: LITERA JANUARI 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v4i01.4882

Abstract

This research study aims to describe (1) the forms of Soeharto-related aspectsand (2) ways of expressing those aspects in the anthology of short stories entitledSuharto claim Cerpen Indonesia.The source of the research data was Soeharto dalam cerpen Indonesia (2001), ananthology of short stories edited by M. Shoim Anwar. All of the short stories (17)were selected. The data were collected through reading and recording techniques andwere analyzed by the descriptive qualitative technique involving data comparison,categorization, tabulation, and inference. Data trustworthiness was assessed throughthe semantic and referential validities and data consistency through the intraratertechnique.Research findings show that 15 short stories clearly contain Soeharto-relatedaspects, and two short stories do not reveal these aspects clearly. Soeharto-relatedaspects are shown through: (1) personification in the form of physical appearance,character, verbal and nonverbal behaviors, (ii) governance and economic strategies,(iii) society’s condition and attitude under his reign, approaching his fall and after hisfall, (iv) spatial and temporal settings related to his reign, (v) the party functioning ashis power apparatus, and (vi) government officials’ life style and attitude. In generalthe short stories do not mention Soeharto directly, but only through certain aspectsor symbols easily identified as Soeharto’s characteristics. Soeharto-related aspectsare expressed through various ways, such as parody, irony, cynicism, and dialectics.The expressions through particular characters parodying Soeharto are the mostapparent, simultaneously using irony and cynicism. The expressions through ironyare the most dominant in the short stories, and in this way the criticisms sound moresubtle and “polite”. This is different from cynicism, which criticizes and defamesones in a vulgar manner. This is a reflection of control imposed on the writers in thepast, who now feel free to express anything without any fear of being arrested. Theexpressions through dialectics are made more intellectually and invite readers tothink.Key words: Soeharto-related aspects, personification, parody, irony, cynicism,dialectics
PENGGUNAAN UNGKAPAN JAWA DALAM KUMPULAN PUISI TIRTA KAMANDANU KARYA LINUS SURYADI (Pendekatan Stilistika Kultural) Burhan Nurgiyantoro
LITERA Vol 13, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v13i2.2575

Abstract

This study aims to describe the intensity of the use of Javanese words and idioms inwayang poems. It employed the textual approach. The data sources were wayang poemsunder the subsection of “Lingga dan Yoni” in Tirta Kamandanu (1997), a poetry anthologyby Linus Suryadi. There were 26 poems all of which were studied. The steps includedlinguistic evidence collection, data display, and explanation of esthetic functions. Thestudy concludes that the use of Javanese words and idioms in wayang poems is intensiveenough. They are relevant to the meanings in the poems narrating wayang and supportand strengthen the meanings and existence of the Javanese culture. They also support thefunctions of poetry style beauty, especially the beauty of rhymes and particular atmospherecreation, are accurate in the condensed forms, and serve as fillers for emptiness or justsynonyms. Without knowledge and understanding of the Javanese culture, one will notunderstand the poems as well, thoroughly, and intensively as one who understands theJavanese cultural background.
MODEL PENILAIAN OTENTIK DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA Burhan Nurgiyantoro
LITERA Vol 10, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v10i2.1157

Abstract

This study aims to produce a validated guidebook for Authentic Assessment in Language Learning. The research activities included the guidebook development and the product was validated by three assessment experts and five teachers as stakeholders. The validation was conducted through a questionnaire and a feedbacksheet and the results were used to revise the draft to produce the final guidebook. The guidebook consists of the front page, three main chapters, references, a glossary, and an index. The results of the validation show that the guidebook is good. Conceptually it is dependable and as a guidebook it is relatively easy to use in language learning activities at school. According to the validators, it is useful to improve the language learning quality.
KEBERMAKNAAN SOAL UJIAN NASIONAL BAHASA INDONESIA SMA/MA 2012 Burhan Nurgiyantoro
LITERA Vol 11, No 2: LITERA OKTOBER 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Languages and Arts, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/ltr.v11i2.1057

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kadar kebermaknaan komponen materi serta ketepatan komponen konstruksi dan bahasa soal Ujian Nasional Bahasa Indonesia (UN BI). Sumber data penelitian adalah soal UN BI SMA/MA 2012 dengan sampel kelompok IPA satu dan IPS tiga set soal. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik pembacaan dan pencatatan, sedang analisis data dengan teknik deskriptif kualitatifdengan dibantu statistik deskriptif yang berupa penghitungan frekuensi pemunculan dan persentase. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut. Pertama, secara umum kadar kebermakaan komponen materi sudah baik walaupun belum baik sekali. Sebagian besar butir soal sudahmelibatkan aspek makna dan bahasa sekaligus sehingga mencerminkan kebutuhan orang berbahasa secara nyata. Kedua, secara umum ketepatan komponen konstruksi dan bahasa juga sudah cukup baik. Sebagian besar butir soal sudah memenuhi tuntutan pembuatan soal yang benar. Namun, secara relatif masih banyak ditemukan  kekurangtepatanpenggunaan berbagai aspek kebahasaan, bahkan ada yang salah yang menunjukkankekurangtelitian tim penyusun dan pengulas soal.
Co-Authors - Mushofa Anis Mashlihatin Anis Maslihatin Anwar Efendi Beniati Lestyarini Dena Damayanti Didin Widyartono Dwi Hanti Rahayu, Dwi Hanti Ernest, Yuven Kristianus Hartono Hartono Hermanto Hermanto Himawan, Riswanda Maman Suryaman Mushoffa Mushoffa, Mushoffa Pogadaev, Victor A. Purwanti, Agustina Sabjan Badio Surya Sagiro Batubara Suyono Suyono Utami, Susanti Ayu Widyastuti Purbani Wulan Arum Sari Yujing, Li Yuniati, Siska