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Pengaruh Interval Pemberian Air melalui Irigasi Tetes (Drip Irrigation) dan Pupuk Mineral Plus terhadap Produksi Anggur pada Lahan Kering di Kecamatan Gerokgak Kabupaten Buleleng MERIT, I NYOMAN; NARKA, I WAYAN
AGRITROP Vol. 26, No. 1 Maret 2007
Publisher : AGRITROP

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Abstract

A field experiment of drip irrigation was set up in the field on dry land farming at Patas Gerokgak, Buleleng.The aim of the experiment was to demonstrate to the local farmer about the beneficial goal of drip technology inorder to gain a high efficiency of water application. Three intervals of water application, i.e. : 2 days, 4 daysand 6 days (I1, I2, I3) in drip technique, and application of Mineral Plus fertilizers (M1) and without Mineral Plusfertilizers (M0) was observed in a nested block design. Bali grape varieties were used as an indicator. Parameterswhich were observed in second year experiment included the water distribution as indicated by soil water contentat 0 – 15 cm depth, and soil water matrix potential (0 – 30 cm depth) which indicated by Loctonic tensiometer.Plant growth was observed by measuring fresh and dry weight biomass and diameter of grape stalk, regularly. Theresult of the experiment showed that, soil water content of 0 – 15 cm depth was not significantly affected by thetreatment. Plant growth as indicated by fresh weight of biomass, dry weight of biomass and diameter of grape stalkwere not significantly affected by the treatment There were no significant differences between treatments on freshand dry weight biomass, dry biomass and diameter of grape stalk so that the yield of grape as indicated by numberbunch of grape per plant, fresh weight of grape per bunch, fresh weight of grape per plant, dry weight of grapeper bunch, number of grape per bunch were not significantly affected by the treatment. Yield quality as indicatedby volume of grape per pellet, sugar content of grape and colour of grape were no significant differences betweentreatments.
CARBON STOCK DUE TO THE INTENSITY OF THE USE OF FOREST AREAS IN FOREST MANAGEMENT UNIT OF WEST BALI Wiyanti Wiyanti; Indayati Lanya; I Nyoman Merit; Made Antara
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 4 No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

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Abstract

This study aimed to determine the magnitude of the changes in carbon stocks due to changes in forest utilisation. Location of the study include planted forests, coffee plantations, mix garden, and cajuput region. The method used in this study was to estimate carbon stock based on the weight of biomass both above the surface and underground. Measurements were made on the biomass of trees and undergrowth, necromass (dead plant parts), both woody and non-woody (litter), and reserve C in the soil. The results showed that there were considerable differences of carbon stock in each area utilisation. The highest carbon stock found in the mix garden (275.62 tonnes/ha), then decrease at mahogany forest (269.63 tonnes/ha), planted forests (231.45 tonnes/ha), old cajuput (Melaleuca cajuput) (118.53 tonnes/ha), trimmed cajuput (86.57 tonnes/ha), coffee plantations (74.37 tonnes/ha), and un-trimmed cajuput (56.78 tonnes/ha). The recommendation can draw out in this research are: ( 1 ) In the area of coffee planting, horticultural forestry can be developed in the form of rows of plants among the coffee plants and ( 2 ) cajuput planting can be done with the system surjan and each row of cajuput consists of 2 rows with a distance planting more tightly.
EVALUATION OF LAND SUITABILITY FOR INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY IN DEGRADED UNDA WATERSHED, DISTRICT OF KARANGASEM, BALI Ni Made Trigunasih; I Nyoman Merit; Wiyanti Wiyanti; I Wayan Narka; I Nyoman Dibia
International Journal of Biosciences and Biotechnology Vol 5 No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Central Laboratory for Genetic Resource and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Udayana University in cooperation with Asia-Oceania Bioscience and Biotechnology Consortium (AOBBC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (491.469 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/IJBB.2017.v05.i01.p03

Abstract

Evaluation of land suitability to increase the productivity of degraded lands in the Unda watershed aims: providing a database of land suitability for land use planning in support of sustainable agricultural development, providing spatial information, and recommendations in accordance with the land use plan of inhibiting factors that exist. Identification of characteristic land quality evaluation survey carried out by the method of land with exploration area of research followed by soil sampling at some sample of land units. Land suitability classification using the criteria of the Technical Guidelines for Evaluation of Land For Agricultural Commodities of Soil Research Institute (2003) is by matching between the haracteristics of the land with the requirements of growing plants was evaluated. Types of agricultural crops that are evaluated include plantation crops and food crops hotikultura fruits. Suitability actual land (land suitability based on survey data) are mostly classified as unsuitable (N), and marginally suitable (S3). Qualities/characteristics as the land that is the main limiting factor, among others: quality of land erosion, slope, water availability, temperature, rooting media (soil texture and coarse material). Sustainable land use planning can be recommended with agroforestry, accompanied by vegetative conservation measures because it is cheaper and easier to be carried out by farmers. Recommended cultivation effort is a combination of timber plants with horticultural crops of fruits with the provisions of at least 40% must be enclosed timber. Plant timber that can be developed between the other plants that are not too heavy canopy.
SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL SUSPENDED MATTER IN SUMBAWA SEA IGAG SWANDANA; Takahiro Osawa; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 6 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

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Abstract

Distribusi Musiman Total Suspended Matter (TSM) di Laut Surnbawa (117" - us· Edan s· - 9· S) telah dilakukan. Data TSM tersebut diperoleh dari 75 stasiun pengukuran pada bulan September 2005 dan 98 stasiun pengukuran pada bulan November 2005 dan April 2006. Besaran sebaran TSM diperoleh dari hasil perhitungan besaran turbidity yang diperoleh dari pengukuran dengan menggunakan alat CTD ( Conductivity, Temperature and Depth) Sensors. Besaran TSM yang diperoleh dari besaran turbidity menggunakan rurnus TSM = 0,65 Tur+ 1,17 (r = 0,85) (Hoshika dan Tanimoto, 1997).  Distribusi sebaran TSM pada saat musim hujan menunjukkan bahwa besarnya bervariasi dari L060 sam­pai 2.951 mg/1 dengan rata-rata sebesar 1.152 mg/1 (n=98), di lain pihak pada saat musim kemarau distribusi sebaran TSM menunjukkan bahwa besarnya bervariasi dari 1.060 sampai 2.899 mg/1 dengan rata-rata sebesar 1.111 mg/I (n=75). Distribusi sebaran TSM secara vertical dari permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Pada saat musim kemarau distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter mem­punyai variasi yang kecil (dari 1.079 sampai 1.599 mg/1); Pada saat musim hujan distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter mempunyai variasi yang sangat besar (dari 1.079 sampai 2.698 mg/1). Distribusi sebaran TSM dari kedalaman 20 meter sampai dengan 100 meter menunjukkan pola yang sama antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan.  Distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut (dekat sungai/muara) menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan sebaran antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Demikian juga dengan distribusi sebaran TSM yang diper­oleh dari data satelit menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan sebaran antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Perbandingan antara data in situ dengan data satelit menunjukkan bahwa koefisen korelasinya sebesar -0-753 untuk periode penelitian tersebut.
ARAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN PERENCANAAN KONSERVASI TANAH DAN AIR DI DAS YEH EMPAS, TABANAN, BALI I Gusti Agung Lanang Widyantara; I Nyoman Merit; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.134 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2015.v09.i01.p07

Abstract

Damage to forest resources has caused the environmental balance of watersheds (DAS) becomes damaged. It often causes the result of high levels of erosion. One of the land use changes that are currently happening is in Yeh Empas watershed. With this research can be known the proposed land use and appropriate land use planning on Yeh Empas watershed. Erosion prediction using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) method is to estimate how much the rate of erosion is happening and also to get an idea how good land management actions for the region. The proposed land use determination is using the scoring method by combining the slope factor of the field, the soil sensitivity of erosion, and the intensity of daily rainfall. Soil sampling was done by taking soil samples from a total of 11 samples of soil from the land unit. This research conducted to estimate the rate of erosion, to determines how much erosion can be tolerated in Yeh Empas watershed, and its relationship with the factors that influence it, as well as to determine the proposed of land use. The results of erosion prediction on each unit of land in the research area ranged from 1.75 to 1,254.96 tons/ha/year and has a grade level of erosion from slight to very severe. The result of tolerated erosion ranged from 15.06 to 24.32 tons/ha/year. The value of erosion prediction that exceeded from tolerated erosion value occurs on land units 7, 8, and 9. On that land units required proposed of land use and soil conservation techniques so that the value of erosion prediction could be below from tolerated erosion value. The analysis results of the proposed land use in Yeh Empas watershed, for areas inside the forest is proposed to protected forest (land units 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) and the management is by planting plants that are adapted to the contour lines of slope. In the areas outside the forest is proposed for annual crop cultivation area (land units 7, 8, and 9)the management with the farming plantation development, high density growing crops and terracing and also for crops cultivation area (land units 10 and 11) management by mulching, cover soil with high density and terracing.
IDENTIFIKASI SUMBER PENCEMAR DAN ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR TUKAD SABA PROVINSI BALI Putu Desy Darmasusantini; I Nyoman Merit; I G.B Sila Dharma
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (225.987 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2015.v09.i02.p10

Abstract

Availability of clean water for drinking water increasingly scarce, then efforts to utilize alternative flow of river water as drinking water and raw water industry one of them is Saba River. Purpose of research is to determine the characteristic of pollution source which will be impactto the changing of water quality in physical, chemical, and biological in up, middle and down stream area of Saba River, water quality and pollution index of Saba River. Determination of samples by using purposive sampling method. Sampels were taken at six points with repetitions three times at different times. Sampels taken at two points upstream, two points middle and two points downstream. Samples were analyzed in situ and ex situ. The results showed that the activities that affect water quality physical, chemical, and biological in up, middle and down stream area of Saba River is agricultural activities, livestock, restorant, blacksmith, home stay, residential, workshops, market, laundry and industrial activities. The upstream region until middle region (T1) no parameter exceeded the quality standard, parameters that exceed the quality standard in the middle region (T2) is TSS, BOD, fosfat and fecal coliform, in the downstream which exceeded the parameters in the downstream region (H1) is BOD, fosfat, fecal coliform dan total coliform and in the downstream region (H2) is DO, BOD, COD, fosfat, fecal coliform dan total coliform. Saba River quality status based on the method pollution index in the upstream region (U1) until middle region (T1) showed good condition, middle region (T2) until downstream pollutants classified as mild.
ARAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN SUB DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) TELAGAWAJA PROVINSI BALI Karsun Karsun; I Nyoman Merit; I Wayan Suarna
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (150.833 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2015.v09.i01.p03

Abstract

Telagawaja Sub-Watershed is upper part watershed of Unda Watershed. As upper watershed, Telagawaja sub watershed has functions as conservation area, water catchment area, and managed in order to keep sub watershed environment not degradated. This research objectives are to identify the characteristics of the land, the function of the area, and the erosion potential rate (TBE), as well as land management recommendations on Telagawaja Sub-Watershed. The identification of land is conducted by analyzing the characteristics of thematic maps in study area. The directives of classification land function is determined by the Minister of Agriculture Number.837/Kpts/Um/ 11/1980 and Number: 683/Kpts/Um/8/1981. The prediction of actual erosion is calculated by USLE formula for the agriculture area, while non-agricultural land use is applied Snyder formula (1980) in Asdak (2010). Erosion class and erosion rate (TBE) are determined based on the Director General of Reforestation and Land Rehabilitation Department of Forestry Number.041/Kpts/V/1998. Determination for the amount of erosion is still can be allowed using the method of Thompson (1957) in Arsyad (2010) which based on soil properties attached to Telagawaja sub watershed. The research shows that Telagawaja Sub-Watershed characteristic is an area which is susceptible to erosion.The analysis shows that the direction of the area function Telagawaja sub-watershed consists of an area of 7337.28 Ha of protection forest (66.01%), and the function of a buffer area 3.778.31 Ha (33.99%). The result of the study on Telagawaja sub-watershed erosion is 2777.07 tonnes ha-1year-1. Erosion class and erosion rate of Telagawaja Sub-Watershed vary from very light to very severe. Erosion class and erosion rate (TBE) with category severe to very severe consist an area of 2.071,97 ha (18,64 %) from total sub-watershed area. Land use planning implemented by applying alternative measures of soil and water conservation can reduce the rate of erosion of 2777.07 tonnes ha-1year-1 to 611.00 tonnes ha-1year-1 or less 2166.07 tonnes ha- 1year-1.
ESTIMASI POTENSI KARBON SEDIMEN MANGROVE PADA HUTAN ALAM DAN HUTAN REHABILITASI DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI BALI Clara Rosy Irawati; I Nyoman Merit; I Made Sudarma
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 15 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2021.v15.i02.p01

Abstract

Sediments play an important role in coastal ecosystems. Apart from being a growing medium, sediment is also a place for accumulation and storage of various components including carbon. Ngurah Rai Forest Park is the largest mangrove in Bali with a large potential for sediment carbon stocks. To determine the carbon storage of mangrove sediments in natural forest and rehabilitation forest and the relationship between diameter size and vegetation type to sediment carbon in two forest types, a study was conducted using purposive sampling method based on canopy density level with three repetitions with a plot size of 10 mx. 10 meters. Sampling was divided into three depths, namely 0-30 cm, 31-60 cm and 61-100 cm. The total carbon content of mangrove sediments in natural forest is 363,491.17 Mg C or equivalent to 363,491.17 tons C and rehabilitation forest is 160,401.33 Mg C or equivalent to 160,401.33 tons C. The total sediment carbon content in Ngurah Rai Forest Park is 523,892.50 Mg C or equivalent to 523,892.50 tons C. Tree diameter had no significant effect on sediment carbon content, while vegetation type significantly affected sediment carbon content. Sonneratia alba had a significant negative effect on natural forests, while Rhizophora stylosa had a significant positive effect on rehabilitation forests. The results of the study suggest that it is necessary to maintain the preservation of mangroves and carry out rehabilitation in damaged areas. To increase the carbon content of sediments in mangrove forests, consider selecting the type of vegetation Rhizophora stylosa for the implementation of rehabilitation activities, because the type of Rhizophora stylosa makes a positive contribution to increasing the carbon content of sediments, with a note that the rehabilitation location is suitable for Rhizoporaceae species. Keywords: Mangrove; Nature Forest; Rehabilitation; Sediment.
PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PREDIKSI EROSI DAN KLASIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI KOLOH PASIRAN LOMBOK TIMUR Sulastri Sulastri; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (209.466 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2015.v09.i01.p08

Abstract

Erosion is a form of land degradation is very serious in Koloh Pasiran watershed. This condition perceived more severe by the fact that the understanding of the process of saving the natural resources of forest, soil and water have not received maximum attention. This is evidenced by the presence of illegal logging, forest fires around the area of the watershed during the dry season and flooding during every rainy season. Therefore, the research conducted with the aim to: 1) determine the level of erosion and soil and water conservation planning in the Koloh Pasiran watershed, 2) determine the land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed and 3) to plan land use capability classes based on erosion rate. Observations and sampling of soil samples for prediction of erosion, soil conservation and classification approach according, planning based on common land unit. This land unit maps obtained from the land use maps overlay by slope, soil and land use maps done by estimating the magnitude of the erosion equation USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) of Wischmeier and Smit (1978). Determine land capability class with land capability classification approach according Arsyad (1989). Land use planning and soil and water conservation in addition to using USLE equation also uses land capability classification according Arsyad (1989). The results show the level of erosion prediction calculation slight to very severe erosion. Mixture of garden soil with a 2% slope erosion rates relatively slight. Dry land with a slope of 2% classified as severe erosion and the shrub land with a slope of 2-3% erosion classified as severe to very severe. While in secondary forest land and primary forests with a slope of 2-25% relatively slight erosion. Land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed can be classified into class IV (3 units of land), class V (5 units of land), class VI (1 unit of land) and VIII (2 units of land). The limiting factors are: (e) the slopes are steep and severe erosion rate and (s) low water holding capacity. Direction of land use for high density mixed garden with bench terrace with good construction, dry with good bench terrace construction and given a booster plants around the lip of land, shrub land used for community forestry, agroporestry and natural forests, while for secondary forests and forest maintained primary sustainability
Prediksi Erosi dan Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Daerah Aliran Sungai Yeh Leh Provinsi Bali Ni Made Ayu Ratna Sari; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 12 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (297.863 KB) | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2018.v12.i01.p10

Abstract

Erosion in the watershed generally occurs due to land use that ignores the rules of soil and water conservation. There is much activity carried out by people living on land in the Yeh Leh watershed area, which makes the level of dependence is very enormous.The erosion forecast is using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) to estimate the erosion swift occurs and to obtain illustration in determining the precise soil and water measures in a region. The determination of land capability classification is using Arsyad’s method (1989) in which to classify the land ability by classifying the land ability class based on the value of land limiting factors, which then adjusted to the criteria of classification of land capability. The land use directional determination is applying the scoring method where combining field slope factor, soil sensitivity to erosion and daily rainfall intensity. The erosion level of the YehLeh watershed area is categorized as mild to very severe. A very light erosion level as large as 515 ha (21.01%), with the land use in the form of irrigated rice field and forest. The severe erosion level as large as 990.02 ha (40.40%) with land use in the form of plantations. The very heavy erosion level as large as 945.82 ha (38.59%) with land use in the form of plantations. The classification of land capability in the YehLeh watershed area consists of 5 classes of land abilities: class II of 115, 22 ha (4.70%), class III of 533.95 ha (21.79%), class IV of 423.61 (17.28%), Class VI of 1,102.03 ha (44.97%), and Class VII of 276.03 ha (11.26%), with some limiting factors for instance, soil texture, erosion and drainage. Proposed land use in the YehLeh watershed area use for forest areas is as protected forest of 456.49 ha (18.63%). Proposed land use outside of the forest area consist of 58.51 ha (2.39%) of seasonal crops, annual cultivation area of 990.02 ha (40.40%) and buffer area of 945.82 (38.59%). Keywords: watershed, erosion, land capability classification, proposed land use.