Garuda - Garba Rujukan Digital

SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION OF TOTAL SUSPENDED MATTER IN SUMBAWA SEA IGAG SWANDANA; Takahiro Osawa; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 6 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (662.901 KB)

Distribusi Musiman Total Suspended Matter (TSM) di Laut Surnbawa (117" - us· Edan s· - 9· S) telah dilakukan. Data TSM tersebut diperoleh dari 75 stasiun pengukuran pada bulan September 2005 dan 98 stasiun pengukuran pada bulan November 2005 dan April 2006. Besaran sebaran TSM diperoleh dari hasil perhitungan besaran turbidity yang diperoleh dari pengukuran dengan menggunakan alat CTD ( Conductivity, Temperature and Depth) Sensors. Besaran TSM yang diperoleh dari besaran turbidity menggunakan rurnus TSM = 0,65 Tur+ 1,17 (r = 0,85) (Hoshika dan Tanimoto, 1997). Distribusi sebaran TSM pada saat musim hujan menunjukkan bahwa besarnya bervariasi dari L060 sampai 2.951 mg/1 dengan rata-rata sebesar 1.152 mg/1 (n=98), di lain pihak pada saat musim kemarau distribusi sebaran TSM menunjukkan bahwa besarnya bervariasi dari 1.060 sampai 2.899 mg/1 dengan rata-rata sebesar 1.111 mg/I (n=75). Distribusi sebaran TSM secara vertical dari permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan yang signifikan antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Pada saat musim kemarau distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter mempunyai variasi yang kecil (dari 1.079 sampai 1.599 mg/1); Pada saat musim hujan distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut sampai dengan kedalaman 20 meter mempunyai variasi yang sangat besar (dari 1.079 sampai 2.698 mg/1). Distribusi sebaran TSM dari kedalaman 20 meter sampai dengan 100 meter menunjukkan pola yang sama antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Distribusi sebaran TSM pada permukaan laut (dekat sungai/muara) menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan sebaran antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Demikian juga dengan distribusi sebaran TSM yang diperoleh dari data satelit menunjukkan bahwa terjadi perbedaan sebaran antara musim kemarau dan musim hujan. Perbandingan antara data in situ dengan data satelit menunjukkan bahwa koefisen korelasinya sebesar -0-753 untuk periode penelitian tersebut.

ARAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DAN PERENCANAAN KONSERVASI TANAH DAN AIR DI DAS YEH EMPAS, TABANAN, BALI I Gusti Agung Lanang Widyantara; I Nyoman Merit; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Damage to forest resources has caused the environmental balance of watersheds (DAS) becomes damaged. It often causes the result of high levels of erosion. One of the land use changes that are currently happening is in Yeh Empas watershed. With this research can be known the proposed land use and appropriate land use planning on Yeh Empas watershed. Erosion prediction using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) method is to estimate how much the rate of erosion is happening and also to get an idea how good land management actions for the region. The proposed land use determination is using the scoring method by combining the slope factor of the field, the soil sensitivity of erosion, and the intensity of daily rainfall. Soil sampling was done by taking soil samples from a total of 11 samples of soil from the land unit. This research conducted to estimate the rate of erosion, to determines how much erosion can be tolerated in Yeh Empas watershed, and its relationship with the factors that influence it, as well as to determine the proposed of land use. The results of erosion prediction on each unit of land in the research area ranged from 1.75 to 1,254.96 tons/ha/year and has a grade level of erosion from slight to very severe. The result of tolerated erosion ranged from 15.06 to 24.32 tons/ha/year. The value of erosion prediction that exceeded from tolerated erosion value occurs on land units 7, 8, and 9. On that land units required proposed of land use and soil conservation techniques so that the value of erosion prediction could be below from tolerated erosion value. The analysis results of the proposed land use in Yeh Empas watershed, for areas inside the forest is proposed to protected forest (land units 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) and the management is by planting plants that are adapted to the contour lines of slope. In the areas outside the forest is proposed for annual crop cultivation area (land units 7, 8, and 9)the management with the farming plantation development, high density growing crops and terracing and also for crops cultivation area (land units 10 and 11) management by mulching, cover soil with high density and terracing.

IDENTIFIKASI SUMBER PENCEMAR DAN ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR TUKAD SABA PROVINSI BALI Putu Desy Darmasusantini; I Nyoman Merit; I G.B Sila Dharma
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Availability of clean water for drinking water increasingly scarce, then efforts to utilize alternative flow of river water as drinking water and raw water industry one of them is Saba River. Purpose of research is to determine the characteristic of pollution source which will be impactto the changing of water quality in physical, chemical, and biological in up, middle and down stream area of Saba River, water quality and pollution index of Saba River. Determination of samples by using purposive sampling method. Sampels were taken at six points with repetitions three times at different times. Sampels taken at two points upstream, two points middle and two points downstream. Samples were analyzed in situ and ex situ. The results showed that the activities that affect water quality physical, chemical, and biological in up, middle and down stream area of Saba River is agricultural activities, livestock, restorant, blacksmith, home stay, residential, workshops, market, laundry and industrial activities. The upstream region until middle region (T1) no parameter exceeded the quality standard, parameters that exceed the quality standard in the middle region (T2) is TSS, BOD, fosfat and fecal coliform, in the downstream which exceeded the parameters in the downstream region (H1) is BOD, fosfat, fecal coliform dan total coliform and in the downstream region (H2) is DO, BOD, COD, fosfat, fecal coliform dan total coliform. Saba River quality status based on the method pollution index in the upstream region (U1) until middle region (T1) showed good condition, middle region (T2) until downstream pollutants classified as mild.

ARAHAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN SUB DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) TELAGAWAJA PROVINSI BALI Karsun Karsun; I Nyoman Merit; I Wayan Suarna
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Telagawaja Sub-Watershed is upper part watershed of Unda Watershed. As upper watershed, Telagawaja sub watershed has functions as conservation area, water catchment area, and managed in order to keep sub watershed environment not degradated. This research objectives are to identify the characteristics of the land, the function of the area, and the erosion potential rate (TBE), as well as land management recommendations on Telagawaja Sub-Watershed. The identification of land is conducted by analyzing the characteristics of thematic maps in study area. The directives of classification land function is determined by the Minister of Agriculture Number.837/Kpts/Um/ 11/1980 and Number: 683/Kpts/Um/8/1981. The prediction of actual erosion is calculated by USLE formula for the agriculture area, while non-agricultural land use is applied Snyder formula (1980) in Asdak (2010). Erosion class and erosion rate (TBE) are determined based on the Director General of Reforestation and Land Rehabilitation Department of Forestry Number.041/Kpts/V/1998. Determination for the amount of erosion is still can be allowed using the method of Thompson (1957) in Arsyad (2010) which based on soil properties attached to Telagawaja sub watershed. The research shows that Telagawaja Sub-Watershed characteristic is an area which is susceptible to erosion.The analysis shows that the direction of the area function Telagawaja sub-watershed consists of an area of 7337.28 Ha of protection forest (66.01%), and the function of a buffer area 3.778.31 Ha (33.99%). The result of the study on Telagawaja sub-watershed erosion is 2777.07 tonnes ha-1year-1. Erosion class and erosion rate of Telagawaja Sub-Watershed vary from very light to very severe. Erosion class and erosion rate (TBE) with category severe to very severe consist an area of 2.071,97 ha (18,64 %) from total sub-watershed area. Land use planning implemented by applying alternative measures of soil and water conservation can reduce the rate of erosion of 2777.07 tonnes ha-1year-1 to 611.00 tonnes ha-1year-1 or less 2166.07 tonnes ha- 1year-1.

ESTIMASI POTENSI KARBON SEDIMEN MANGROVE PADA HUTAN ALAM DAN HUTAN REHABILITASI DI TAMAN HUTAN RAYA NGURAH RAI BALI Clara Rosy Irawati; I Nyoman Merit; I Made Sudarma
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 15 No 2 (2021)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/EJES.2021.v15.i02.p01

Sediments play an important role in coastal ecosystems. Apart from being a growing medium, sediment is also a place for accumulation and storage of various components including carbon. Ngurah Rai Forest Park is the largest mangrove in Bali with a large potential for sediment carbon stocks. To determine the carbon storage of mangrove sediments in natural forest and rehabilitation forest and the relationship between diameter size and vegetation type to sediment carbon in two forest types, a study was conducted using purposive sampling method based on canopy density level with three repetitions with a plot size of 10 mx. 10 meters. Sampling was divided into three depths, namely 0-30 cm, 31-60 cm and 61-100 cm. The total carbon content of mangrove sediments in natural forest is 363,491.17 Mg C or equivalent to 363,491.17 tons C and rehabilitation forest is 160,401.33 Mg C or equivalent to 160,401.33 tons C. The total sediment carbon content in Ngurah Rai Forest Park is 523,892.50 Mg C or equivalent to 523,892.50 tons C. Tree diameter had no significant effect on sediment carbon content, while vegetation type significantly affected sediment carbon content. Sonneratia alba had a significant negative effect on natural forests, while Rhizophora stylosa had a significant positive effect on rehabilitation forests. The results of the study suggest that it is necessary to maintain the preservation of mangroves and carry out rehabilitation in damaged areas. To increase the carbon content of sediments in mangrove forests, consider selecting the type of vegetation Rhizophora stylosa for the implementation of rehabilitation activities, because the type of Rhizophora stylosa makes a positive contribution to increasing the carbon content of sediments, with a note that the rehabilitation location is suitable for Rhizoporaceae species. Keywords: Mangrove; Nature Forest; Rehabilitation; Sediment.

PERENCANAAN PENGGUNAAN LAHAN MELALUI PENDEKATAN PREDIKSI EROSI DAN KLASIFIKASI KEMAMPUAN LAHAN DI DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI KOLOH PASIRAN LOMBOK TIMUR Sulastri Sulastri; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 9 No 1 (2015)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Erosion is a form of land degradation is very serious in Koloh Pasiran watershed. This condition perceived more severe by the fact that the understanding of the process of saving the natural resources of forest, soil and water have not received maximum attention. This is evidenced by the presence of illegal logging, forest fires around the area of the watershed during the dry season and flooding during every rainy season. Therefore, the research conducted with the aim to: 1) determine the level of erosion and soil and water conservation planning in the Koloh Pasiran watershed, 2) determine the land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed and 3) to plan land use capability classes based on erosion rate. Observations and sampling of soil samples for prediction of erosion, soil conservation and classification approach according, planning based on common land unit. This land unit maps obtained from the land use maps overlay by slope, soil and land use maps done by estimating the magnitude of the erosion equation USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) of Wischmeier and Smit (1978). Determine land capability class with land capability classification approach according Arsyad (1989). Land use planning and soil and water conservation in addition to using USLE equation also uses land capability classification according Arsyad (1989). The results show the level of erosion prediction calculation slight to very severe erosion. Mixture of garden soil with a 2% slope erosion rates relatively slight. Dry land with a slope of 2% classified as severe erosion and the shrub land with a slope of 2-3% erosion classified as severe to very severe. While in secondary forest land and primary forests with a slope of 2-25% relatively slight erosion. Land capability class in Koloh Pasiran watershed can be classified into class IV (3 units of land), class V (5 units of land), class VI (1 unit of land) and VIII (2 units of land). The limiting factors are: (e) the slopes are steep and severe erosion rate and (s) low water holding capacity. Direction of land use for high density mixed garden with bench terrace with good construction, dry with good bench terrace construction and given a booster plants around the lip of land, shrub land used for community forestry, agroporestry and natural forests, while for secondary forests and forest maintained primary sustainability

Prediksi Erosi dan Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Daerah Aliran Sungai Yeh Leh Provinsi Bali Ni Made Ayu Ratna Sari; I Wayan Sandi Adnyana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 12 No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Erosion in the watershed generally occurs due to land use that ignores the rules of soil and water conservation. There is much activity carried out by people living on land in the Yeh Leh watershed area, which makes the level of dependence is very enormous.The erosion forecast is using the USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) to estimate the erosion swift occurs and to obtain illustration in determining the precise soil and water measures in a region. The determination of land capability classification is using Arsyad’s method (1989) in which to classify the land ability by classifying the land ability class based on the value of land limiting factors, which then adjusted to the criteria of classification of land capability. The land use directional determination is applying the scoring method where combining field slope factor, soil sensitivity to erosion and daily rainfall intensity. The erosion level of the YehLeh watershed area is categorized as mild to very severe. A very light erosion level as large as 515 ha (21.01%), with the land use in the form of irrigated rice field and forest. The severe erosion level as large as 990.02 ha (40.40%) with land use in the form of plantations. The very heavy erosion level as large as 945.82 ha (38.59%) with land use in the form of plantations. The classification of land capability in the YehLeh watershed area consists of 5 classes of land abilities: class II of 115, 22 ha (4.70%), class III of 533.95 ha (21.79%), class IV of 423.61 (17.28%), Class VI of 1,102.03 ha (44.97%), and Class VII of 276.03 ha (11.26%), with some limiting factors for instance, soil texture, erosion and drainage. Proposed land use in the YehLeh watershed area use for forest areas is as protected forest of 456.49 ha (18.63%). Proposed land use outside of the forest area consist of 58.51 ha (2.39%) of seasonal crops, annual cultivation area of 990.02 ha (40.40%) and buffer area of 945.82 (38.59%). Keywords: watershed, erosion, land capability classification, proposed land use.

STUDI KOMUNITAS RUMPUT LAUT DI PANTAI SANUR DAN PANTAI SAWANGAN NUSA DUA BALI GALIH INDRAWATI; I WAYAN ARTHANA; I NYOMAN MERIT
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 4 No 2
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (335.308 KB)

Aims of this research are to analyze structure community population, relative population, variety domination, heterogeneous, and equality of seaweed species in Sanur and Sawangan Beach Nusa Dua.The result of the study shows that in Sanur and Sawangan Beach observed 13 related seaweed species were observed, which are: Ulva reticulata, Chaetomorpha crassa, Bornetella nitida, Halimeda macroloba, Padina australis, Sargassum binderi, Hypnea asperi, Dictyopteris sp, Gracilaria coronapifolia, Gracilaria gracilis, Acanthopora spicifera, Euchema edule, Euchema denticulatum Meanwhile, , Caulerpa racemosa, Boergesiana forbessii, Sargassum crassifolium, Gelidium sp, Turbinaria ornata, Gracilaria foliifera only observed in Sanur Beach and species of Actinotrichia fragilis, Ulva lactuca, Euchema serra, Turbinaria conoides observed in Sawangan Beach, Nusa Dua.Heterogeneous value index (H) in Sanur Beach is 0.75 – 1.87 categorized as medium category, except in station five characterized as low category. Domination index (C) is 0.10 – 0.28, where there is no dominated species. Equality index value (E) is 0.32 – 0.85 in unstable condition, except in station one is stable. In Sawangan Beach, heterogeneous indexes is 1.04 – 1.54, that spread in all stations by medium category. Domination index is 0.14 – 0.30, indicated that there is no dominant species. Equality index is 0.47 – 0.74, by stabile condition in station one, while others station is unstable. Highest relatif population in Sanur Beach is 37.63% in station three (Gracilaria foliifera). In Sawangan Nusa Dua Beach is Hypnea asperi (48.65%).Substrate analysis show that Sanur and Sawangan Beach has mud sand types. Water temperature in both research locations approximately is 28.90 C – 30.40 C, pH 7.00 – 7.80 and dissolved oxygen around 6.8mg/1-7.4mg/l.

STUDY OF RUNOFF IN UNDA WATERSHED SATRIA WAHYU 0ETOM0; Takahiro Osawa; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 6 No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

When rain falls on the earth, it just does not sit there, it starts moving according to the laws of gravity. A portion of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenish Earth's groundwater. Most of it flows downhill as runoff. Runoff is extremely important in that not only does it keep rivers and lakes full of water, but it also changes the landscape by the action of erosion. The purpose and objective in this study are to estimate the conditions of land cover of Unda Watershed based on the results of image processing, to estimate the monthly average runoff and discharge in outlet of Unda Watershed from 1999 to 2003. The research location is in Unda Watershed. This watershed lies in Province of Bali which has wide 233.1 km2 (23.310 Ha) (Balai Wilayah Sungai Bali-Penida). Administratively this watershed lies in 3 Regencies that are Karangasem, Klungkung and Bangli Regency. Mostly the region lies in the Karangasem Regency. In this research, the monthly rainfall data employed to generate the runoff process. Analyze of contour map from topography map obtained the watershed area, physical parameter of river and concentration time. In this research used monthly average rainf all data (from 1999 to 2003) from Pempatan, Besakih, Singarata, Sidemen, Klungkung, Telengan, Rain Gauge Station and Polygon Thiesen method employed to analyze the datas. Apart of rainfall, there are a number of site specific factors which have a direct bearing on the occurrence and volume of runoff, they are soil type, land cover and slope. The soil types in this research area are all Regosol, this soil mapping does not need to be overlayed in obtaining the land unit. Analyze of land cover was employed by Supervised Classification method. By image processing obtained land cover of Unda Watershed estimated consists of 38.129 km2 of forest area (16.357°Ai), 19.122 km2 of grassland area (8.203%), 100.991 km2 of farmland area (43.325%), 62-412 km2 of area housing (26.775%), 2.625 km2 of water area (1.126%), 4.046 km2 of cloud area (1.736%), 2.327 km2 cloud shadows (0.998%) and 3-448 km2 of stone area (1.749%). The results of runoff by Nakayasu Unit Hydrograph and Melchior Method gives quite similar patterns. The Melchior method gives higher runoff values. This method estimates total runoff while Nakayasu Unit Hydrograph estimates runoff by dividing rainfall into hours. By Nakayasu Unit Hydrograph Method showed the average of monthly average runoff were 10.61 m3/s and 18.67 m3/s by Melchior Method. The different percentage between these methods was 59.71%. By summing runoff and the baseflow obtained river discharge and the average of river discharge in this thesis was 22.63 m3/s. Observed river discharge from Water Level Recorder (WLR) Unda Dam was used in validation, the average of monthly average river discharge was 18.24 m3/s. The different percentage between these methods was 66.37%.

IDENTIFIKASI SUMBER PENCEMAR DAN TINGKAT PENCEMARAN AIR DI DANAU BATUR KABUPATEN BANGLI CoK.I.M. HANDAYANI; I Wayan Arthana; I Nyoman Merit
ECOTROPHIC : Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan (Journal of Environmental Science) Vol 6 No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Master Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program of Udayana University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Lake Batur areas currently experiencing rapid growth with a variety of community activities. Increased community activity tends to cause pollution and disrupt the continuity of the lake water. The purpose of this study to determine the Batur Lake water quality and pollution levels. In addition to identifying sources of contaminants that exist in the vicinity of Lake Batur. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. Water samples taken at five station and at each station taken ten sub-stations that were analyzed in situ and in laboratory Lake water quality compared to quality standards in accordance with the Rules Bali Governor Number 8 of 2007. Analysis method of water pollution indexs in accordance with the Minister of Environment Number 115 in 2003. Identify source of pollution carried by record number of events, interviews and field observations. The water quality of Lake Batur showed that some parameters have exceeded the quality standard among them are BO DS (8.72 ppm), NH3 (0.86 ppm), Fe (0.61 ppm), P04 (0.36 ppm), Pb (0.04 ppm), Cu (0.70 ppm), H2S (0.007 ppm) and Cd (0.04 ppm). Water pollution index shows that the Lake Batur including light polluted with IP 1.50 to 2.82. Community activity is the source of water pollutants such as agricultural activities, settlements, tourism and fish farming activities with floating net cages (KJA). The volume of waste from the settlement activity amounted to 229,588 m3 per year and the activities of hotel and restaurant at 4595 m3 per year and the waste load of nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) of cage culture activities amounted to 63,024 tons per year and 3372 tons per year.

Title

Found 18 Documents
Search
Journal : Ecotrophic, Journal of Environmental Science

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title Search

Found 18 Documents Search Journal : Ecotrophic, Journal of Environmental Science

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Abstract

Title

Found 18 Documents
Search
Journal : Ecotrophic, Journal of Environmental Science