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All Journal Reaktor International Journal of Science and Engineering (IJSE) International Journal of Renewable Energy Development JURNAL TEKNOLOGI KIMIA DAN INDUSTRI Waste Technology JRST (Jurnal Riset Sains dan Teknologi) Indonesian Journal of Chemistry ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Pasopati : Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Inovasi Pengembangan Teknologi Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia Jurnal Global Ilmiah Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis
Tutuk Djoko Kusworo
Departemen Teknik Kimia, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Diponegoro
Aerospace Engineering Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Social Sciences Other

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Treatment of Natural Rubber Wastewater using Photoactive Nanocomposite Membrane PSf/sulfonated ZnO: Performance Evaluation, HAZOP, and Risk Analysis Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Widayat Widayat; Hadiyanto Hadiyanto
Waste Technology Vol 10, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/10.2.35-49

Abstract

The application of nanocomposite membranes for high organic wastewater treatment faces several problems such as impurities and low permeate flux. In this study, sulfonated ZnO nanoparticles were incorporated in the PSf membrane. SEM images reveal that sZnO has good compatibility with PSf polymers and the FTIR spectrum also forms sulfonic acid groups on the composite membrane. The addition of sZnO into PSf increased the PWF value but overloading caused a significant decrease. The surface hydrophilicity of the membrane was also enhanced by the incorporation of sZnO into the PSf membrane. The performance evaluation showed a significant increase in flux from 9.0 to 14.5 L.m-2.h-1 and a disappointment rate for ammonium ion (NH4+) up to 87%. Increased hydrophilicity was also revealed by decreasing the air contact angle from 79.33° to 55.67°. PVA-coated membranes can increase COD rejection up to ~88%, which is 8 times higher than uncoated composite membranes. The PVA coating also reduced the tendency of organic fouling on the membrane during rubber wastewater filtration by reducing the total fouling resistance from 14.2 x 10-11 to 9.91 x 10-11 m-1. The HAZOP and risk analysis were also studied in this work regarding on their practical application in industrial scale..
Performance and antifouling evaluation of PSf/GO nanohybrid membrane on removing dye pollutant from batik wastewater Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Dita Aulia Azizah; Andri Cahyo Kumoro
Waste Technology Vol 11, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.1.17-27

Abstract

Membrane technology is the most widely used technology in the field of separation and purification of wastewater. Most of the problems that arise in the application of membrane technology are the high resistance of the membrane during the filtration process, so that fouling is easily formed in both the pores and the membrane surface. The incorporation of nanoparticles in the membrane matrix has been widely known as a method to improve membrane performance. In this study, we introduce the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) advanced material nanoparticles in a polysulfone (PSf) membrane matrix as an effort to treat dye wastewater from the batik industry. The results of the SEM-EDX test showed the membrane smooth surface with larger pore and minimal defects indicating GO nanoparticles were well changed the polysulfone membrane matrix. In addition, an increase in oxygen content in the membrane matrix was also detected as a result of GO incorporation confirming the increased hydrophilicity of the polysulfone membrane. This is also supported by data on increasing water uptake and decreasing contact angle of PSf/GO membranes compared to native PSf. Evaluation of membrane performance showed that the incorporation of GO in the PSf matrix produced permeate with higher quantity and quality than the native PSf membrane. Quantitative analysis of fouling behavior also shows that the incorporation of GO as much as 2 wt-% has succeeded in increasing flux recovery ratio and reducing the PSf membrane resistance which reflects the tendency to form fouling is also getting lower. This membrane material has good prospects in the future as the first step in processing dye wastewater from various industries, especially the batik industry.
Kinetic Modeling of Flocculation and Coalescence in the System Emulsion of Water-Xylene-Terbutyl Oleyl Glycosides Harsa Pawignya; Tutuk Djoko Kusworo; Bambang Pramudono
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2019: BCREC Volume 14 Issue 1 Year 2019 (April 2019)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.14.1.2594.60-68

Abstract

The development of a mathematical model for explaining the kinetics of flocculation and coalescence of emulsion droplets is essential to study the stability of an emulsion system of the kinetics of emulsion stability. Mathematic models was developed from the equation Van Den Tempel by modifying emulsion systems. The emulsion was made by mixing water-xylene and surfactant tert-butyl oleyl glycosides. This research studied the effect of stirrer speed on the value of flocculation rate constant (a) and coalescence rate constant (K). The model identified the emulsion development condition whether controlled by coalescence or flocculation. It was observed that under lower agitation speed (1000 rpm) the emulsion development was controlled by flocculation mechanism, while a faster agitation (2000 rpm or higher) exhibited coalescence controlled mechanism. The results confirmed that the 1st model was the most appropriate for water-xylene-TBOG emulsion system. From four models after fitting with experimental data, the most suitable model is 4th model, because it has the smallest error of 2.22 %. 
Current Trend of MOFs Incorporated Membranes for Advanced Wastewater Treatment Utomo, Dani Puji; Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Kumoro, Andri Cahyo; Budiyono, Budiyono; Kurniawan, Tonni Agustiono
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.83845

Abstract

Membrane technology has gained attention in wastewater treatment due to its great potential for producing high-grade water products for reuse. The membrane also effectively removes persistent pollutants in water effluent. However, their application is constrained by low productivity due to fouling formation. Incorporating functionalized nanoparticles into polymeric membranes has attracted much attention due to the improved membrane performance and additional features. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporated into polymeric membranes have been widely applied in reverse osmosis (RO), forward osmosis (FO), nanofiltration (NF), and microfiltration (MF) for water and wastewater treatment. This short review presented recent findings, fabrication methods, and a systematic understanding of transport mechanisms under various operating conditions. This study also focused on several important parameters, such as improving physicochemical properties, membrane features, and performance enhancement in wastewater treatment. The reported studies show that MOFs incorporated membranes have reached >95% organic pollutants and 100% suspended solids. The membrane durability was also enhanced up to 140%, and the flux recovery can be maintained at 98% after several cycles. Even some MOFs, such as ZIF-8 and UiO-66, exhibited excellent performance in harsh conditions (pH < 4). The prospects and challenges of MOFs-incorporated membranes in industrial applications were also provided in this study.
Sustainable Batik Wastewater Treatment using Advanced PVDF/NiFe@SiO2 Nanocomposite Photocatalytic Membrane Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Budiyono, Budiyono; Sumardiono, Siswo
Waste Technology Vol 12, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/11.2.112-119

Abstract

The primary concern associated with the Batik industry lies in the presence of pollutant dyes that contribute to environmental contamination. Addressing this issue involves exploring various wastewater treatment methods, with membrane technology being a viable approach. In this study, a photocatalytic material, NiFe@SiO2, synthesized through the sol-gel technique, was incorporated into a PVDF membrane. Characterization results from SEM surface, indicated that the PVDF/NiFe@SiO2 membrane displayed superior characteristics compared to other membranes. The addition of the NiFe@SiO2 photocatalyst increased membrane porosity, hydrophilicity, water absorption capacity, and affinity towards water molecules. The PVDF/NiFe@SiO2 membrane exhibited enhanced performance in terms of permeate flux, pollutant rejection, stability, recyclability, and durability. Notably, the fabricated photocatalytic membrane demonstrated superior antifouling performance and flux recovery capability when operating under UV radiation. The study also delved into the influence of wastewater pretreatment on antifouling membrane performance. The modified membrane successfully reduced fouling levels on the membrane by enhancing FRR from ~70% to ~90%. This insight into how pretreatment affects the antifouling properties of wastewater opens avenues for innovative solutions and enhanced design strategies to improve the efficiency and sustainability of wastewater treatment processes. Future research endeavors could focus on maximizing the potential of the bentonite adsorbent in wastewater pretreatment and exploring the full capabilities of the NiFe@SiO2 photocatalyst in enhancing the photocatalytic and antifouling performance of the membrane.
Kinetic and Isotherm Analysis of TiO₂/UiO-66-NH₂ Composites for Treating Produced Water Contaminants Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Budiyono, Budiyono
Waste Technology Vol 12, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/12.2.%p

Abstract

The TiO₂/UiO-66-NH₂ composites synthesized through a hydrothermal method, demonstrated a significant enhancement in photocatalytic activity under visible light, offering a promising solution for the treatment of pollutants in produced water. These composites exhibited exceptional photocatalytic adsorption and degradation capabilities, efficiently removing various contaminants. The adsorption process during pollutant removal was effectively modeled by both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms, indicating the heterogeneous nature of the adsorption sites and the monolayer adsorption behavior, respectively. The composites achieved impressive removal efficiencies of 88.46% for NH₃-N and 81.97% for total dissolved solids (TDS), underscoring their potential to address common pollutants in produced water. UV-vis spectroscopy analysis revealed a band gap energy of 2.28 eV for the TiO₂/UiO-66-NH₂ composites, which is lower than that of pure TiO₂, contributing to enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light. This reduced band gap improves the material's ability to absorb visible light, thereby facilitating more efficient degradation of organic pollutants. Furthermore, the pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the adsorption process for both TiO₂ and TiO₂@UiO-66-NH₂ composites, suggesting that chemisorption is the dominant mechanism for NH₃-N removal. This indicates that the composites exhibit a high affinity for NH₃-N, effectively removing it from produced water. Overall, the TiO₂/UiO-66-NH₂ composites provide a promising approach for mitigating contaminants in produced water, demonstrating their potential for use in both environmental and industrial water treatment applications. 
Performance Evaluation of Rotary Dryer and Granulator in NPK Steam Granulation Plant Production Department of IIB PT Petrokimia Gresik Kusuma, Maria Asel Pranoto; Sagala, Feni Mutiara Lasniroha; Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Laksono, Satrio Dwi
Jurnal Global Ilmiah Vol. 1 No. 5 (2024): Jurnal Global Ilmiah
Publisher : International Journal Labs

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55324/jgi.v1i5.44

Abstract

PT. Petrokimia Gresik, a subsidiary of Indonesian fertilizer company PT. Indonesian Fertilizer, has three main plants: Production I, II, and III. Production IIB consists of production units Phonska IV, NPK Granulation II, III, and IV and ZK. Granulated NPK II Fertilizer is a processing unit that meets quality standards. The process involves feeding raw materials, preparing slurries, granulating, drying, screening, cooling, and screening. Supporting materials include powder coating, oil coating, and pigment. The granulation stage is crucial, where raw materials are agglomerated. The NPK Granulation Department of IIB uses various equipment, including a rotary dryer with a thermal efficiency of 79.997%. The total mass balance for the granulator, dryer, cooler, screen, and coater in NPK Granulation II for 15-15-15 fertilizer formula is 1058,096 tons/day.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance and Kinetic Improvement of Reusable W-based POM Composite for Produced Water Treatment Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Kumoro, Andri Cahyo; Veda, Adalia; Mafazan, Rafi; Puspa, Meitri Bella; Azizah, Dita Aulia; Utomo, Dani Puji
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2026: BCREC Volume 21 Issue 2 Year 2026 (August 2026)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20616

Abstract

Produced water treatment remains a major challenge due to its complex contaminant composition and the limited efficiency and reusability of conventional photocatalysts. Polyoxometalate (POM)-based materials offer high redox activity and structural tunability. This study presents a novel tungsten-based polyoxometalate (W-based POM) composite with enhanced photocatalytic performance and kinetic superiority for produced water treatment. The objective of this work was to synthesize a reusable W-based POM composite and systematically evaluate its photocatalytic activity, adsorption behavior, kinetics, and stability. The composite was synthesized via a solvothermal method using Na₂WO₄·2H₂O and DMF. Photocatalytic experiments were performed by varying catalyst dosage (0.1–0.5 g), irradiation time (30-180 min), and reusability cycles. The W-based POM composite exhibited a rhombic polyhedral morphology with a well-organized three-dimensional POM framework, reduced crystallite size (14.8 nm), and compressive lattice strain, contributing to improved charge mobility. Optical analysis revealed a red-shift in the absorption edge, reducing the band gap from 2.80 eV to 2.25 eV and enhancing visible-light utilization. Photocatalytic experiments demonstrated high treatment efficiency, achieving 90% NH₃–N and 84% total dissolved solids (TDS) removal under UV irradiation within 180 minutes at an optimal dosage of 0.3 g. Adsorption behavior followed the Dubinin–Radushkevich and Temkin isotherm models, indicating an ion-exchange-dominated mechanism, while kinetic analysis revealed a multi-step process governed by intraparticle diffusion. The composite maintained stable performance over three consecutive cycles without significant activity loss. Overall, the results highlight the strong potential of W-based POM composites as efficient, reusable, and scalable photocatalysts for advanced produced water treatment. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
A Systematic Literature Review on Agricultural Effluent Treatment using Advanced Membrane Technologies Kusworo, Tutuk Djoko; Utomo, Dani Puji
Waste Technology Vol 13, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/13.1.1-14

Abstract

Agricultural wastewater poses significant environmental challenges due to its complex composition, including high concentrations of nutrients, organic matter, and emerging contaminants. Membrane-based technologies have emerged as advanced solutions for effective treatment and resource recovery from such effluents. This review provides a comparative analysis of various membrane systems—pressure-driven membranes, membrane bioreactors (MBRs), photocatalytic membranes, forward osmosis (FO), membrane distillation (MD), and adsorptive membranes—focusing on their performance in terms of pollutant removal, fouling behavior, energy consumption, and cost-effectiveness. Photocatalytic and FO membranes exhibit high potential for removing persistent organic pollutants and ensuring water reuse, while MD and MBRs demonstrate robust performance in nutrient and organic load reduction. Adsorptive membranes offer selective removal capabilities, particularly for antibiotics and pesticides, although scalability remains a concern. Advances in membrane materials, surface modifications, and hybrid system integration are paving the way for enhanced operational efficiency. The findings underscore the need for integrated, multi-barrier treatment approaches and continued innovation to meet the sustainability requirements of agricultural wastewater management.. 
Co-Authors . Widayat A Abdullah Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Fauzi Ismail Ahmad Mustafa Amin, N A. Saidina Anansya Putri Intan Andri Cahyo Kumoro Andri Cahyo Kumoro Annizah Rahmatya Gerhana Aprian Indra Wibowo Ardian Dwi Yudhistira Atyaforsa Atyaforsa Azeman Mustafa Azeman Mustafa Azeman Mustafa Azizah, Dita Aulia B Budiyono Bambang Pramudono Bambang Rianto Bayu Aji Pratama Budiyono Budiyono Dani Puji Utomo Danny Soetrisnanto Desmile Yusufina Dewi Novitasari Dhea Putri Safira Dhias Cahya Hakika Dita Aulia Azizah Djati Kusumaningrum E. Sofiana Edi Untoro Eva Sofiana Fajar Budi Iswanto Ganang Dwi Harjanto Gita Permana Putra Gunawan Gunawan H Hadiyanto Hakim, Muhammad Fahmi Hanifah Angga Putra Harsa Pawignya Harsa Pawignya Harsa Pawignya Heru Susanto I Nyoman Widiasa I Nyoman Widiasa Iwan Ratman Joko Supriyadi Kang Li Kurniawan, Tonni Agustiono Kusuma, Maria Asel Pranoto Laksono, Satrio Dwi Mafazan, Rafi Maria Octoviane Dyan Muhammad Fahmi Hakim Ngadiwiyana M.Si. S.Si. Nita Aryanti Nor Basid Adiwibawa Prasetya Nur Rokhati Puspa Ratu Puspa, Meitri Bella Sagala, Feni Mutiara Lasniroha Seno Johari Seno Johari Siswo Sumardiono Slamet Priyanto Songip, A R Sunarso . U. N. A. Rochyani Ulfah Nurul Aulia Rochyani Utomo, Dani Puji Veda, Adalia