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PERILAKU MENGAKSES PORNOGRAFI PADA ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR (7-12 TAHUN) (Studi Kasus di Rumah Pintar Bangjo Semarang) Fathimah Az Zahrah; Syamsul Huda BM; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 3 (2017): MEI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

The development of technology especially the internet leads to access pornographic content more easily. the fact says that the intensity of access of pornography via the internet in Semarang is very high.The target of pornography industry, this time has increased into elementary school children with average accesor pornography are 11 years old. This research aimed to review more about pornography access behavior of children in elemantary school in Semarang. This qualitative research used descriptive approach, by using snowball sampling technique got 7 informants (elementary school age) lived in the area around Rumah Pintar Semarang. Data collection is done by in depth interview. Data validation is done by using triangulation to 4 informants.The result showed that the youngest informant (6 years old) got influenced by pornography contents. Kind of the media such as naked photo of people, porn photo or video, kissing, masturbation video, sexual interraction, and Indonesian horror movie which shown some sexual scenes. The impact of accessing phornograpy has reached decentralisation level where the contents has been considered as an usual thing for children. They got internet access by buying a package once in a month about Rp. 20,000 – 60,000, WiFi network provided in Sanggar Hani, and Warnet that the visited in holiday. Informants got these contents from social media (Facebook, Instagram, etc), search engine (XXX, Bokep, BF Indonesia, Satpam Kurang Ajar), applications, game advertisements, GTA and war games, and some channels in television. Informants has been also done sexual experiments through kids game or thought by adult.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NIAT BERHENTI MEROKOK PADA SISWA PEROKOK SMP X DI KOTA SEMARANG Yashinta Graycilia Winoto; Kusyogo Cahyo; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 5 (2018): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

WHO estimates the mortality rate from cigarettes by 2020 will increase by 10 million annually. The number of teenage smokers in 2016 is targeted to fall from 7% to 5.2% but increase to 8.8%. The purpose of this study to determine the factors that can affect the intention to stop smoking in adolescents, especially in junior high school students. This research is a quantitative research with cross sectional approach. Samples were selected using total population obtained through questionnaire with inclusion criteria were male students with active smokers in SMP X Semarang, amounting to 76 students. The data were collected through interviews using questionnaires. Data analysis was done univariat and bivariate with Chi-Square test. The majority of respondents included in the early teenage category of 14 years old (59.2%), age of smoking at age 12 years (40.8%) had pocket money above the average of Rp 11,500 (85.5%), and attended class VIII (69.7%). Most respondents had supporting knowledge (61.8%), supportive attitude to quit smoking (57.9%), supporting parenting role to quit smoking (36.9%), supporting supportive roles for stopping smoking (60.5%), supporting teacher's role to quit smoking (59.2%), having inhibiting factors (65.7%), and supporting factors (51.3%). The variables related to the intention to stop smoking are: respondent's knowledge (p-value 0,001), respondent attitude (p-value 0,004), teacher's role (p-value 0,004) and supporting factor (p-value 0,021). The variables that are not related to the intention to stop smoking are: the role of the respondent's parents (p-value 0.281), the role of the respondent's friend (p-value 0.241) and the inhibiting factor (p-value 0.117)

PELAKSANAAN TRIAS USAHA KESEHATAN SEKOLAH PADA TINGKAT SEKOLAH DASAR DI WILAYAH KECAMATAN TEMBALANG KOTA SEMARANG Maryam Alifia Nurhayu; Zahroh Shaluhiyah; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 1 (2018): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Three main programs of the health school unit are composed of health education, health services, and healthy school environment coaching. The purpose of this study research was to analyze the implementation of three main programs of health school unit at elementary schools in Tembalang, Semarang. This research is an explanatory research with a cross-sectional design. This study took a sample by way of a total population of 33 schools. Data analysis in this study using univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using rank spearman and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The results showed as much as 93.9% of schools do not have the ideal number of ideal doctors, 10% of the total students. Most schools stated that schools have not allocated special funds for three main programs of health school unit activities (57,6%). Only 15,2% of schools that provide UKS spaces are in accordance with the standard that has a minimum area of 12 square meters. Analysis shows there is human resources relations with health education (p = 0.005; rs = 0,481). The variable funds there is no relationship with health services (p = 0,099; rs = 0,292) and there is a relationship with the human resources with healthy school environment coaching (p = 0.003; rs = 0,506). There is the influence of the fund in the planning implementation of three main programs of health school unit (p-value = 0,026; odds ratio = 7,131). Recommended for the Community Health Care, UPTD Pendidikan and Governing Board Team of UKS to give training and coaching for implementing team of health school unit in school.

FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEPATUHAN AKTIVITAS FISIK PENDERITA DM UNTUK PENCEGAHAN KOMPLIKASI DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS ROWOSARI KOTA SEMARANG Astri Zakiyyah; Priyadi Nugraha; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 7, No 1 (2019): JANUARI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Diabetes mellitus is a disease characterized by increased blood glucose level that exceed normal and metabolic disorders in carbohydrates, proteins and fats due deficiency of the hormone insulin. There are 4 pillars to control diabetes mellitus education; physical activity, regulating diet, and taking medication. The purpose of this study is to find out the factors related to compliance physical activities DM patients to prevent complication in Puskesmas Rowosari. This study is a descriptive analytic study by using design cross sectional research. The sample in this study is DM patients in the Puskesmas work area that were calculated using a sampling technique of 100 people. Data collection was conducted through an interview with the questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using univariateand bivariate. The result of the research found that there were 59 (59%) respondents are not obedient in physical acitivity. Most of respondents were female (66%), had a primary - secondary education category (93%), had a work category (56%). Most of the respondents were belong in the average age category that was less than equal to 55 years old (57%). The results showed that dependent variable related to age (p = 0.000), gender (p = 0.034), work (p = 0,000), perceived barriers (p = 0.020), self efficacy (p = 0.000), family support (0,000), health worker support (p=0,000). This study concludes that compliance physical activities DM patients most in category disobedient. Therefore, the role of health workers in providing information related to physical activity for patients dm, and provides a facility for do physical activity required ensure that the management of disease DM can be carried out optimally.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERILAKU PERSONAL HYGIENE REMAJA PUTRI DALAM PENANGANAN DAN PENCEGAHAN KEPUTIHAN PADA SISWI SMK NEGERI 11 SEMARANG Susanti Handayani; Kusyogo Cahyo; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 3 (2017): MEI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

One of adolescent reproductive health problems that need to be observed is a disease of reproductive tract infectios one of which is whitish.Physiologic vaginal discharge when behavior in reproduction health keeping is poorly in feminine area.The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors correlated with personal hygiene behavior of female adolescent in treatment and preventation vaginal discharge of SMK Negeri 11 Semarang students.The study was quantitative method with cross sectional approach. The number of samples were 70 students. The data was analyzed by chi-square.The result of this research showed that the majority of respondets had poor knowledge (67,1%), had non-permissive attitude (72,1%), had poor acces to health service (62,9%), had poor information availability (54,3%), had mother's support is less supportive (91,4%), had poor behaviour (54,3%) about treatment and preventation vaginal discharge. The result of bivariate analysis showed that knowledge (p= 0,042) correlates with the personal hygiene behaviour of female adolescent in treatment and preventation vaginal discharge on the other hand, attitude (p=0,711), acces to health service (p=0,760), information availability (p=0,587) and mother's support (p=0,516) does not correlates with the personal hygiene behaviour of female adolescent in treatment and preventation vaginal discharge of SMK Negeri 11 Semarang.

ANALISIS PERSEPSI STAKEHOLDER DALAM KEBUTUHAN PENDIDIKAN TERINTEGRASI PENCEGAHAN PERILAKU BERISIKO REMAJA Lela Ayu Rezza Bella; Zahroh Shaluhiyah; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 7, No 4 (2019): OKTOBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Adolescent risk behaviors include smoking, drinking and risky sexual behavior. The three risk behaviors are interrelated and integrated prevention must be carried out between youth stakeholders (parents, teachers and village heads). This study aims to analyze perceptions of stakeholder needs in integrated education in risky behavior of adolescents. This study uses quantitative qualitative methods. Qualitative research subjects amounted to 12 people consisting of 6 teen informants and 6 parent informants taken by purposive sampling method. The technique of collecting data through in-depth interviews. Quantitative research respondents were adolescent stakeholders totaling 167 respondents consisting of 118 parents / guardians of students, 37 teachers, 12 local leaders taken by the total sampling method. Most experiences, perceptions, attitudes and self efficacy show positive results, but adolescent risk behaviors are still quite high so prevention of integrated risk behavior is needed. Education to prevent risk behavior is education to prevent the impact of risky behavior carried out by methods of socialization (68%), peer discussion (49.1%). In addition, by providing entrepreneurship training, discussions with parties affected by risky behavior, and holding positive activities such as sports. The role that can be done is to make an approach to establish good relations with adolescents, provide supervision, and make regulations. The duration of prevention education is ± 1 hour. The place of implementation adapts to the activities to be carried out. The parties who convey risk behavior prevention education are parents, teachers and local leader besides those who have been affected by risky behavior.

HUBUNGAN PERSEPSI KERENTANAN DAN PERSEPSI ANCAMAN DENGAN PERAN PMO DALAM PEMBERIAN OBAT TB PADA ANAK TERHADAP PENCEGAHAN KEJADIAN DROP OUT Intannia Islami Dewi; Priyadi Nugraha Prabamurti; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 7, No 4 (2019): OKTOBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Cases of TB in children can cause various problems such as disability, memory loss, stunting and causing death. PMO is a person who plays a role in the supervision of taking medication in patients with TB. PMO also acts as a motivator and encouragement for TB sufferers to continue taking the medicine. The role of the PMO has a big influence on the prevention of Drop Out. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between perception of vulnerability and perceived threat to the role of PMO in the delivery of TB drugs to children against the prevention of Drop Out. This research is a quantitative study with cross sectional research design. The sample in this study is the PMO of TB children in the city of Semarang with a total of 113 people. Data collection was conducted by interview using a questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of this study note that PMO which has a good role in the administration of TB drugs is 70.8% and those that play an unfavorable role is 29.2%. Bivariate test results show there is a relationship between perception of vulnerability (p-value=0.034) and threat perception (p-value=0.035) with the role of PMO in giving TB drugs to children against the prevention of Drop Out. PMO is expected to have a high perception of vulnerability and threat perception with the aim that PMO can take action to prevent and change behavior so that children who are supervised taking medication can avoid dropout. In addition, PMO is expected to increase its role in supervising TB patients during the treatment period. PMO is expected to have a high perception of vulnerability and threat perception with the aim that PMO can take action to prevent and change behavior so that children who are supervised taking medication can avoid dropout. In addition, PMO is expected to increase its role in supervising TB patients during the treatment period.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Praktik Antenatal Care pada Remaja dengan Kehamilan Tidak Diinginkan (Study di Wilayah UPT Puskesmas Ponjong 1 Kabupaten Gunungkidul) Endah Nur Wakhidah; Kusyogo Cahyo; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 5, No 5 (2017): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

A good Antenatal Care (ANC) is needed by teenagers with unwanted pregnancy to keep the mother and baby healthy and to prevent complication on pregnancy, giving birth, and antenatal period. Data from SDKI in 2012 showed that 10% of teenagers already became mothers. The amount of giving birth cases in DIY on 2015 is 1078, with Gunungkidul Regency being the first, i.e.: 405 cases. On the year of 2014, unwanted pregnancy in Gunungkidul was 188 cases;on 2015, it has been increased to be 158 cases. In UPT Puskesmas Ponjong I, 38% of teenagers experience unwanted pregnancy. On 2015, unwanted pregnancy cases in teenagers are increased to be 52%, i.e.: 24 from 46 pregnancies of teenagers. The aim of this research is to know the related factors of ANC practice in teenagers with unwanted pregnancy. This research is a qualitative research using cross sectional approach. The technique used is total sampling technique, i.e.: 43 teenagers with unwanted pregnancy on 2014 and 2015 in UPT Puskesmas Ponjong I. The collecting data is done by using interview and questionnaire methods. Data analysis is done by univariate and bivariate. All of respondents are on the category of end teenagers (15 – 19 years old);most of them are 17 years old (39,5%) and graduated from Junior High School (79,1%). From the data, it is found that most of respondents have good knowledge about ANC (74,4%), have attitude of supporting ANC practice (76,7%), do ANC adequately (76,7%), less of cultural values support ANC practice (27,9%); then, less of respondents are not reached the ANC access (41,9%), not reached on ANC cost (48,8%); most of official competencies are good (74,4%) most of respondents get support from the husbands/couple (74,4%), get support from parents (53,5%), and get support from their peers (60,5%). Related variable to the ANC practice is knowledge of ANC (p=0,043). Variables which not related to the ANC practice are attitude to ANC (p=0,362), cultural value (p=11), access affordability (p=0,067), cost affordability (p=0,162), official competencies (p=1,000), support from husbands/couple (p=1,000), support from parents (p=0,728), support from peers (p=0,269).

EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PERMAINAN ULAR TANGGA HIV/AIDS TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG HIV/AIDS PADA SISWA SMA DI KOTA SEMARANG Purnama Dewi Siregar; Syamsul Huda BM; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 2 (2018): MARET
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

In Indonesia the higher cases of HIV/AIDS in the age group 15-19 years of 334 people (3.4%). Due to the expectations, it is necessary to create effective health education media as a way to prevent risky sexual behavior through improving the adolescents knowledge. Snake Ladder game is a media created as an attempt to inform the youths about HIV/AIDS. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of the game against HIV/AIDS level of knowledge before and after the intervention was applied. This research is a kind of quasi experimental with non-equivalent control group design. The population are students of 11th grade of science of 14 state high school which are located in North Semarang district as the group that getting intervention and 6 state high school which located in West Semarang as a control. Samples were taken by purposive sampling technique with the result of 54 people grouped into 2 groups for each groups of the intervention group and the control group. Analysis of test data using the Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. The results of this study showed that the intervention group knowledge score increased by 0.50 and the control group experience a decrease of 1.00. Based on a test of Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test stated that there was a difference of knowledge of students before and after health education intervention in the intervention group (p = 0.000). The results of this research can be concludes that the intervention using snake ladder game has significant impact in improving the students knowledge on HIV/AIDS. Based on the results of this study, health services are expected to develop snake ladder game as an attempt to increase students knowledge on HIV/AIDS.

BEBERAPA FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PENCAPAIAN TARGET CDR OLEH KADER TB ‘AISYIYAH DALAM PENEMUAN KASUS TB DI KOTA SEMARANG Madania Shalsabila Savitri; Kusyogo Cahyo; Ratih Indraswari
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat (Undip) Vol 6, No 4 (2018): JULI
Publisher : Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Diponegoro

Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the infectious infections that need cross-sectoral cooperation and community organization in its eradication efforts. The ‘Aisyiyah organization took the role of forming the cadres of TB Care' ‘Aisyiyah Community who are expected to actively tackle the spread of TB. This study aims to determine several factors that influence the achievement of CDR target by TB ‘Aisyiyah Cadres within TB case finding in Semarang City. This research was a quantitative research with a cross-sectional approach by using total sampling technique which was obtained 58 TB cadres as the sample of ‘Aisyiyah Semarang Organization. Data collection was conducted through an interview with the questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using univariate and bivariate. The result of the research found that there were 36 (62,4%) active cadres in TB case discovery and 22 (37,6%) cadres were less active in TB case discovery. Most of the respondents were belong in the productive age category that was vulnerable between 20-60 years (96.5%) and last educated of high school/equivalent (69%).The results showed that dependent variable related to Knowledge (p = 0,007), Training (p = 0,025), Attitude (p = 0,005), Motivation (p = 0,005), Personality (p = 0,003), Perception (p = 0,012), Decision Making (p = 0,018), Performance (p = 0,006), Work Design (p = 0,032), and Emotion (p = 0,041).This study concludes that the achievement of CDR target by TB ‘Aisyiyah cadres within TB case discovery has already well. However, there still found less active cadres within TB case discovery. Therefore, the role of the organization and the government in the empowerment of cadres is needed in order to make case discovery goes according to the specified target.

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