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The Effect Oil Press Candlenut Heating Temperature On The Yield and Quality of Candlenut Oil Dina Lumbantoruan; Ainun Rohana; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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On Oil Press type candlenut heaters, heating temperature needs to be considered. The temperature determines the quality of the heating product. This study tested various temperature of candlenut heaters on the yield and quality of hazelnut. The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering and analysis of was done in Food Chemical Analysis Laboratorium Faculty of Agricultural in December 2013 to February 2014 by using a non-factorial completely randomized design at 50°C, 60°C and 70°C. Parameters measured were water content, free fatty acid and yield. The results showed that the temperature had highly significant effect on water content, free fatty acid and yield. The best treatment was the S3 treatment (70°C) which produced 0,19% water content, 1,09 free fatty acid and 45,1% pure oil. Keywords: candlenut heaters, temperature test, candlenut oil quality.

Test of Flat Burr Mill Type Grinder In Red Rice Commodity Margaretta Bukit; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 2, No 3 (2014): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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One of the components which determines the post-harvest handling technology is the use of post-harvest equipment, such as a flat burr mill type bean grinder. This study was aimed at examining the coffee bean grinder flat burr mill type using red rice with three level of smoothness, i. e: level 1, level 2 and level 3. Parameters observed were: equipment effective capacity, percentage of lose material, smoothness of milled red rice and carbohydrate content.The results showed that the effective capacity at smoothness 1 was 8.13 kg/h, smoothness 2 was 13.88 kg/h and smoothness 3 was 18.558 kg/h. percentage of material lost at smoothness 1 was 1.034 %, at level 2 was 0.234 % and level 3 was 0.151 %. The size of red rice milled for all level was 50 mesh. The carbohydrate content of red rice at level 1 was 79.4975 % , at level 2 was 78.5546 % and at level 3 was 78.0174 % . Keywords : flat burr mill , red rice , test of equipment, milled red rice.

Test of Flat Burr Mill Type Pepper Grinding Fadhlan Arief; Achwil Putra Munir; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 1 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Quality of pepper in the market is depend on post harvest process, so that this stage needs a very the serious attention. As pepper had two types, the process is also different. The test of flat burr mill type pepper grinding was to know the feasebility of the mill in white pepper procesing. This research was done in Agricultural Central Laboratorium, Agricultural Department, University of North Sumatera, Medan on October 2014. Parameters observed were effective capacity, percentage of losses seed, moisture content, and the ash content. Results of the research showed that the average effective capacity was 185.72 gr/minute, and the percentage of losses seed was 2.9%. The equipment was feaseable to process white pepper, the ash content average was 1.4%, and the average moisture content was 15.9%. Keyword : Flat burr grinding mill, white pepper.

Test of Some Kind of Biomass Fuels on Processed Waste Polymer Agriculture Tool Herdianze Novalina Pasaribu; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Indonesia has many sources of renewable energy. One of them is biomass. This research was carried out to try some fuel from biomass to be used in agricultural polymer waste equipment. Biomass which used in this research were candlenut shell, coconut shell, and wood. Parameters used were equipment effective capacity, the percentage of polypropylene plastic residue, the percentage of fuel residue, oil volume, melting point, and the melting time. The results were: equipment effective capacity for candlenut shell fuel, coconut shell fuel, and wood fuel were 0 ml/hour, 62,22 ml/hour, and 77,66 ml/hour respectively. The percentage of plastic residue generated for candlenut shell, coconut shell, and wood fuel were 53.33%, 22.67%, and 20% respectively. The percentage of residue fuel for candlenut shell fuel, coconut shell fuel, and wood fuel were 35.67%, 16.87%, and 16% respectively. The volume of oil produced for candlenut shell fuel, coconut shell fuel, and wood fuel were 0 ml, 93.33 ml, and 110 ml respectively. The melting point obtained from the burning of fuel wood and coconut shell was 250 0C and the candlenut shell fuel was 175 0C. Melting time resulted in fuel of candlenut shell, coconut shell, and wood were 3.1 hours, 1.5 hours, and 1.44 hours respectively. Keywords : Biomass fuel, Plastic waste, and Pyrolysis.

Knife Edge Test of Mechanical Desiccated Coconut Stephanus K.; Lukman Adlin Harahap; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 2 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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This research was done to test the effect of knife edge on the effective capacity of the equipment, percentage of material that was grated uncompletely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield. This research was using non factorial completely randomized design. It was found that the effective capacity of the equipment, percentage of material that was grated completely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield on two knifes edge/cm2 are 44,821, 5,87%, 11,69%, and 88,31% kg/hr respectively. On three knifes edge/cm2 are 46,049, 3,97%, 9,68%, and 90,32% kg/hr respectively. On four knifes edge/cm2 are 48,988, 3,79%, 6,74%, and 93,26% kg/hr respectively. The results showed that number of knife edge had significant effect on the percentage of material that was grated uncompletely, percentage of material left in the equipment, and yield and had no effect on the effective capacity. The main cost from year one to year seven were Rp. 35,29, Rp. 32,92, Rp. 32,13, Rp. 31,73, Rp. 31,49, Rp. 31,37, and Rp. 31,23 per kg respectively. Break even point from year one to year seven were 2897,76, 1558,97, 1113,32, 890,89, 757,71, 687,64, 606,13 kg respectively. The result of net present value from 6% of bank rate was Rp. 838.406.384,79 which means this business was competent. The internal rate of return was 35,56% which means this business was competent if the bank rate were not more than 35,56%. Keywords : Knife edge, grater, desiccated coconut

Design of Soybean Epidermis Peeler Siska Willyana; Achwil Putra Munir; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 3 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Soybean peeling is aimed to simplify the processing of soybean in the next step, such as in tofu making, tempe making and soybean extract. The peeling techniques of soybean was used widely with simple way which is soaked in the water and stomp it in a basin until its skin peeled. This research was to design, make, test and analyze the economic value of the soybean peeler. The parameters of this research were effective capacity, broken peeled soybean percentage, unpeeled soybean percentage, losses soybean percentage and economic analysis. The results showed the effective capacity was 55,5 kg/hour. Percentage of broken peeled soybean was 4,91%, percentage unpeeled soybean was 11,01% and percentage of losses soybean was 2,1%. Economic Analysis was Rp. 104,373/kg, BEP was 259,32 kg/year and IRR was 66,54%. Key words : epidermis, peeler, silinder type, soybean

Utilization of Palm Kernell Shells and Palm Oil Sludge as Raw Materials of Biobriquette Charcoal Muhammad Ginta Munthe; Achwil Putra Munir; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 3, No 4 (2015): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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Briquette is one type of alternative fuel made from various kinds of biomass. Biomass used in this study was the palm kernel shells and palm oil sludge. This research was aimed to make biobriquette charcoal from palm kernel shells and palm oil waste sludge as an alternative fuel and to test the quality of biobriquette charcoal. Testing was performed under non factorial completely randomized design. The parameters observed were calorific value, water content, density and ash content. The results of this study indicated that the composition of biobriquette charcoal affected the calorific value, water content, density and ash content. The average of calorific value was 3714.16 cal/g, the average of water content was 7.95 %, the average of density was 0.79 (g / cm3) the average ash content was 19.84 (%). Keywords : Briquette , palm kernel shells ,sludge, waste

PEMANFAATAN ABU BOILER PABRIK KELAPA SAWIT DAN ABU SEKAM PADI (RICE HUSK ASH) SEBAGAI BAHAN SUBTITUSI DALAM PEMBUATAN BATAKO DENGAN PENAMBAHAN SIKACIM CONCRETE ADDITIVE (Utilization of Boiler Ash a Palm Oil Mill and (Rice Husk Ash) as Substitution Mater MUhammad Iqbal; Riswanti Sigalingging; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 2 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT Ash boiler and rice husk ash are agricultural wastes that contain chemical compounds in the form of silica that can increase tensile strength and compressive strength when mixed with cement and water so it is very potential to be utilized in making brick. This study was aimed to determine the effect of substitution of palm oil mill boiler ash and rice husk ash (Rice Husk Ash) with the addition of cycacim concrete additive on the manufacture of brick by examining the quality of the resulting brick This research was conducted in Concrete Laboratory,Faculty of Engineering, University of Sumatera Utara from May to August 2017 using a completely randomized design with 2 factors. The first factor was the composition of boiler ash which consists of 3 levels, namely: (10%, 15%, 20%) and the second factor was the composition of rice husk ash which consists of 2 levels, namely: (50% and 60%).The results showed that A1 (10% ash of boiler) had the highest compressive strength of 9.77 MPa and for the initial setting time value was 61.43 minutes while for the final binding time, the same as the other treatment which was 120 minutes, and the highest absorption was B2 (60% rice husk ash) that is equal to 5.76%. The best combination was A1B1 (10% ash boiler and 50% rice husk ash) with a compressive strength value of 9.77 MPa and an absorbance value of 3.97%. Keywords: Palm Oil Boiler ash, rice husk ash, brick, sikacim concrete additive ABSTRAK Abu boiler dan abu sekam padi merupakan limbah pertanian yang mengandung senyawa kimia berupa silika yang dapat meningkatkan kuat tarik dan kuat tekan apabila dicampur dengan semen dan air sehingga sangat potensial untuk dimanfaatkan dalam pembuatan batako. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh subtitusi abu boiler pabrik kelapa sawit dan abu sekam padi (Rice Husk Ash) dengan penambahan sikacim concrete additive pada pembuatan batako dengan menguji kualitas batako yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Beton, Fakultas Teknik Universitas Sumatera Utara dari bulan Mei sampai Agustus 2017 dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap 2 faktorial. Faktor pertama adalah komposisi abu boiler yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu: (10%, 15%, 20%) dan faktor kedua adalah komposisi abu sekam padi yang terdiri dari 2 taraf, yaitu: (50% dan 60%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan A1 (10% abu boiler) memiliki kuat tekan tertinggi yaitu sebesar 9,77 MPa dan waktu ikat awal tercepat yaitu 61,43 menit sedangkan untuk waktu ikat akhir, sama dengan perlakuan yang lainnya yaitu selama 120 menit, sedangkan untuk absorbsi tertinggi pada B2 (60% abu sekam padi) yaitu sebesar 5,76%. Untuk perpaduan terbaik dari kedua bahan A1B1 (10% abu boiler dan 50% abu sekam padi) merupakan komposisi terbaik dengan nilai kuat tekan sebesar 9,77 MPa dan nilai absorbsi sebesar 3,97%. Kata kunci : Abu boiler kelapa sawit, abu sekam padi, batako, sikacim concrete additive

UJI BERBAGAI JENIS LIMBAH PLASTIK PADA METODE PIROLISIS (Test of Various Types of Plastic Waste on Pyrolysis Method) Gusmil Diana Br. Sitepu; Saipul Bahri Daulay; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT The increasing volume of plastic waste can lead to serious problems and need to be solved immediately. So, it is necessary to find an alternative energy source of environmentally friendly heat that is by utilization of plastic waste into fuel oil. This research was aimed to determine the characteristics of plastic cup (PP), plastic bag (LDPE), and mixture of plastic cup (PP) and plastik bag (LDPE). This research was done in Agriculture Engineering Laboratory, and in Physical Chemistry Laboratory of MIPA and Heat Engine Laboratory Faculty of Engineering in October 2017 until completed. This research used non factorial completely randomized design with one factor that is plastic waste composition. Observed parameters were density, viscosity, and heat value. The results showed that at a P2 707,35 kg/m3 was more closely related to gasoline 715 kg/m3, at viscosity of P1 0,865 cP, P2 0,940 cPand P3 0,825 cP were included in viscosity value of kerosene 0,924 – 3,34 cP, while on the heat value of P2 46.078 kJ/kg was closer to the heat value of 46.500 kJ/kg of diesel. Keywords : Plastic waste, Polyprophylene, Low Density polyethylene, Density, Viscosity, Heat Value. ABSTRAK Semakin meningkatnya volume sampah plastik dapat mengakibatkan masalah serius dan butuh dicari penyelesaiannya segera.Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pencarian alternatif sumber energi kalor yang ramah lingkungan yaitu dengan pemanfaatan limbah plastik menjadi bahan bakar minyak.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik minyak plastik dari limbah cup plastik (PP), kantong plastik (LDPE), dan campuran dari cup plastik (PP) dan kantong plastik (LDPE). Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Keteknikan Pertanian Fakultas Pertanian, di Laboratorium Kimia Fisika Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam dan di Laboratorium Motor Bakar Fakultas Teknik pada bulan Oktober 2017 sampai selesai. Penelitian ini menggunakan model rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial dengan satu faktor yaitu komposisi limbah plastik. Parameter yang diamati adalah massa jenis, viskositas, dan nilai kalor. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pada massa jenis P2 707,35 kg/m3 lebih mendekati bensin 715 kg/m3, pada viskositas P1 0,865 cP, P2 0,940 cP dan P3 0,825 cP termasuk nilai viskositas pada minyak tanah 0,294 – 3,34 cP, sedangkan pada nilai kalor P2 46.078 kJ/kg lebih mendekati nilai kalor pada solar 46.500 kJ/kg. Kata Kunci : Limbah plastik, Polyprophylene, Low Density polyethylene, Massa Jenis, Viskositas, Nilai Kalor

PENGARUH LAMA PENGGENANGAN TERHADAP SIFAT FISIKA TANAH LATOSOL DAN KUALITAS AIR SERTA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN TERUNG (Solanum melongea L.) ( Effect of Flooding on Physical Properties of Latosol Soil and Water Quality of Eggplant (Solanum melongea L.) and Thei Odie Prastomo; Sumono Sumono; Adian Rindang
Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian Vol 6, No 3 (2018): Jurnal Rekayasa Pangan dan Pertanian
Publisher : Universitas Sumatera Utara

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ABSTRACT One of the factors that affect the growth of plants is apuddle. This study was aimed to assess the effect of inundation time of the latosol soil physical properties and water quality as well as the growth of eggplant (Solanum melongea L.). The method used was non factorial completely randomized design, with 3 treatments and 5 replicates, namely the condition of field capacity, flooded 1 day, 3 days to dry flooded 3 days. The parameters measured were evapotranspiration, water quality, soil physical properties, and dry weight of eggplant. Results showed that the best soil physical properties and water quality as well as the better growth of plant is in the condition flooded 1 day. Soil physical properties with flooded conditions 1 day for organic matterial content was 2.69%, porosity was 67.66%, percolation was 187cm/day, soil salinity was 12.8 mS /cm, the pH value was 6.88, and soil temperature was 27.38oC. Water quality at flooded 1 day for dissolved oxygen was 1.95 ppm, the pH value was 8.1, soil temperature was 28oC, and soil salinity was 7.4 mS/cm. The weight of plants obtained with soil conditions flooded 1 day was 80.52 g and plant height was 46.4 cm. Keywords: eggplant (Solanum melongea L.), water Quality, length of flooding, latosol soil ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman adalah genangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh lama penggenangan terhadap sifat fisika tanah latosol dan kualitas air serta pertumbuhan tanaman terung (Solanum melongea L.). Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap non faktorial, terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan, yaitu kondisi kapasitas lapang, tergenang 1 hari, tergenang 3 hari kering 3 hari. Parameter yang diamati adalah evapotranspirasi, kualitas air, sifat fisika tanah, dan bobot kering tanaman terung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sifat fisika tanah dan kualitas air terbaik yakni pada kondisi tanah tergenang 1 hari, disertai dengan hasil pertumbuhan tanaman yang lebih baik pada kondisi tersebut. Sifat fisika tanah dengan kondisi tergenang 1 hari yakni bahan organik 2,69 %, porositas 67,66 %, perkolasi 187 cm/hari, salinitas tanah 12,8 mS/cm, pH 6,88, dan suhu tanah 27,38oC. Kualitas air tergenang 1 hari yakni oksigen terlarut 1,95 ppm, pH 8,1, suhu 28oC, dan salinitas 7,4 mS/cm. Bobot tanaman yang didapat dengan kondisi tanah tergenang 1 hari yakni 80,52 g dan tinggi tanaman 46,4 cm. Kata kunci: terung (Solanum melongea L.), kualitas air, lama penggenangan, tanah latosol

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