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RELAKSASI PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA ALAM DALAM DISKURSUS HUKUM LINGKUNGAN HIDUP DI INDONESIA Andreas Tedy Mulyono
Law Review Volume XIX, No. 1 - July 2019
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum, Universitas Pelita Harapan | Lippo Karawaci, Tangerang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/lr.v19i1.1594

AbstractEnvironmental law related to natural resource management in Indonesia should have to achieve national food and energy security. Juggling and smuggling in the natural resource law may injure community justice (equity) and national economic (economy). Law enforcement in the name of ecology has the potential to criminalize people and cause social problems. The aim of this paper is to explain the existence of environmental law and the legal system for managing natural resources in meeting national food and energy needs. To respond the problem(s) arised, therefore the study is conducted through a qualitative research by examining various laws and regulations, relevant theories and concepts, and several court decisions between the period of 2016-2019. In conclusion: the system space of law for managing natural resources has not prioritized the function of law as a protector and driver of a prosperous society. It needs a systemic relaxation of legal system (legal substance, legal structure, and legal culture) towards advancing food and energy sovereignty. Such relaxation should proceed, not only at the legislative drafting stage, but also at judicative stage in order to accelerate the people-awareness stage heading to the ius constituendum.Keywords: advancing food and energy sovereignty, natural resource management, systemic relaxation AbstrakHukum lingkungan hidup terkait pengelolaan sumber daya alam di Indonesia semestinya berupaya mencapai ketahananpangan dan energi nasional. Jumpalitan dan penyelundupan hukum sumber daya alam dapat mencederai keadilan masyarakat (equity) dan kepentingan ekonomi nasional (economy). Penegakan hukum yang mengatasnamakan pelestarian (ecology) berpotensi menyebabkan kriminalisasiterhadap masyarakat dan menimbulkan permasalahan sosial. Paper ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana eksistensi hukum lingkungan hidup dan sistem hukum pengelolaan sumber daya alam dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pangan dan energi nasional. Untuk menjawabnya, telah dilakukanpenelitian yuridis normatif yang bersifat kualitatif dengan mengkaji berbagai ketentuan, teori dan konsep yang relevan, serta beberapa putusan pengadilan antara tahun 2016-2019. Kesimpulannya: ruang gerak sistem hukum pengelolaan sumber daya alam belum memprioritaskan fungsi hukum sebagai pelindung dan pendorong kesejahteraan. Perlurelaksasi sistemik terhadap sistem hukum (substansi hukum, struktur hukum, dan budaya hukum) demi kedaulatan pangan dan energi yang berkemajuan. Relaksasi sistemikbukan hanya pada tahap perancangan legislasi tetapi juga pada tahap yudikatif demi meningkatkan kesadaranmasyarakat menuju hukum yang dicita-citakan pada masa yang akan datang.Kata kunci: kedaulatan pangan dan energi yang berkemajuan, pengelolaan sumber daya alam, relaksasisistemik

DYNAMICS OF ELECTRIC ENERGY POLICY THE COAL SECTOR IN INDONESIA: ANOMALY OR EXCEPTION? Andreas Tedy Mulyono
NOMOI Law Review Vol 2, No 1 (2021): May Edition
Publisher : NOMOI Law Review

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/nomoi.v2i1.6476

The dynamics of coal primary energy policy in Indonesia are still relevant to observe. On the one hand, coal commodity is a counter discourse in the mainstreem of green energy. On the other hand, the issue of the national electricity-energy crisis occurs due to obstruction of the primary energy supply chain. These two things are the challenge to the paradigm of energy resources as a capital for national development. Therefore, the issue of policy change in this case always needs to be studied. Analysis using normative juridical methods; in general related to the national energy policy and specifically on regulating coal mining to meet PLN's needs. The conclusion is that the prevailing laws and regulations have mandated the policy of national energy security. However, local utilization of coal needs to be regulated in a harmonious, transparent, and independent manner. The transparency and independence of coal primary energy development policies can be seen as an anomaly of the universal-global green energy paradigm. At least this is a temporary exception for Indonesia. Ensuring meeting our local's energy needs should be a priority for the next few decades.Keywords: Energy Policy, Coal Sector, Anomaly, Exception.

DINAMIKA HUKUM KONSERVASI ALAM SEBAGAI FENOMENA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN IBU KOTA NEGARA: Dynamics of Natural Conservation Law as a Phenomenon in the Development of the State Capital City Andreas Tedy Mulyono
Majalah Hukum Nasional Vol. 52 No. 1 (2022): Majalah Hukum Nasional Volume 52 Nomor 1 Tahun 2022
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33331/mhn.v52i1.184

Rencana pembangunan Ibu Kota Negara Indonesia (IKN) akan mempengaruhi kawasan konservasi dan sumber daya alam hayati sebagai suatu konsep yang universal di bidang lingkungan hidup. Masalah pertama yang hendak dibahas adalah korelasi antara perkembangan konsep hukum konservasi global yang berjangka panjang dengan kebijakan pembangunan IKN yang cenderung berjangka lebih pendek. Korelasi ini kemudian menimbulkan masalah kedua, yaitu pertanyaan tentang tantangan konservasi apa saja yang harus diidentifikasi jenis dan sifatnya. Adapun masalah ketiga adalah reformasi birokrasi seperti apa yang tercipta sehubungan dengan korelasi antara hukum konservasi dan kebijakan pemindahan IKN. Penelitian hukum menggunakan metode yuridis normatif-kualitatif. Analisis beberapa peraturan perundangundangan dan studi kepustakaan terhadap berbagai konsep dilakukan untuk menjelaskan perkembangan strategi konservasi dunia (the world conservation strategy) dan pengaruhnya terhadap kebijakan nasional Indonesia yang mendukung pembangunan IKN baru. Namun kebijakan pemindahan Ibu Kota Negara dan norma hukum konservasi masih berimplikasi positif dengan beberapa catatan dan rekomendasi. Substansi pengaturan pembangunan IKN mendukung reformasi yang lebih berdaya guna dan bertepat guna antara birokrasi pusat dan daerah dalam mengelola kawasan konservasi di IKN.

FULL E-BOOK MAJALAH HUKUM NASIONAL VOLUME 52 NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2022 Andreas Tedy Mulyono; Aditya Nurahmani; Putrida Sihombing; Kristianus Jimy Pratama; Fikri Hadi; Farina Gandryani; M Reza Baihaki; Alif Fachrul Rachman; Richard Jatimulya Alam Wibowo; Surya Oktaviandra; Catur Alfath Satriya
Majalah Hukum Nasional Vol. 52 No. 1 (2022): Majalah Hukum Nasional Volume 52 Nomor 1 Tahun 2022
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Versi Ebook ini merupakan kumpulan dari 8 tulisan (artikel) yang ada di Majalah Hukum Nasional Volume 52 Nomor 1 Tahun 2022. Selamat membaca dan semoga bermanfaat.

Updating Public Legal Awareness of Restricting Carbon Emissions in Indonesia Andreas Tedy Mulyono; Rudy Pramono
Law Review Volume XXII, No. 2 - November 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pelita Harapan | Lippo Village, Tangerang 15811 - Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19166/lr.v0i2.5714

The Government of Indonesia will impose restrictions on carbon emissions. The description of public legal awareness regarding this matter is currently an important aspect as one of the benchmarks, especially for updating the status of carbon emission regulations in Indonesian society. This literature study focuses on the importance and use of empirical quantitative research methods based on questionnaire data from respondents in various regions in Indonesia. The discussion using the Regulatory Status Analysis (RSA) path model assisted by the PLS-SEM software specifically provides an understanding of the relationship between the ideal Law and legal culture in the form of public awareness to comply with legal norms limiting carbon emissions. Another element of the legal system, namely the substance of the Law, also has a positive effect on awareness of obeying the Law. However, the legal Structure has no effect, either directly or indirectly. The possible reason is that the legal Structure, the indicator of which is law enforcement related to carbon emission cases, has not been widely processed in domestic courts in Indonesia. This study also conducts an intersubjective meaning approach by interviewing related entrepreneurs to strengthen statistical inferences. The article concludes by placing these findings in the discourse on limiting national carbon emissions based on political will and participatory governance.

The Regulatory Status Analysis for Updating the Public Legal Awareness on Human Rights in Indonesia Mulyono, Andreas Tedy; Pramono, Rudy
Jurnal HAM Vol 13, No 3 (2022): December Edition
Publisher : Badan Strategi Kebijakan Hukum

This study contends that quantitative empirical legal research is instrumental in enhancing comprehension of public legal awareness regarding the implementation of human rights protection in Indonesia. Utilizing Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), the study offers a flexible framework to explore the relationship between human rights ideals and key elements of the legal system as research variables. This research constitutes a literature review emphasizing the significance of empirical quantitative methods, particularly through the development of a path model termed Regulatory Status Analysis. In the proposed model, justice, certainty, and expediency are posited as independent variables representing fundamental legal ideals, while substantive law and legal structure serve as mediating variables within the legal framework. Through empirical testing, the path model elucidates the intricate connections among these variables, focusing on their impact on public awareness and compliance with legal norms safeguarding human rights. Findings indicate that substantive law significantly enhances awareness of legal obligations, whereas the influence of legal structure is minimal, possibly due to perceived inadequacies in enforcing laws against human rights violations. These empirical insights underscore the imperative of developing a robust human rights legal framework conducive to effective implementation and enforcement. By informing national and global legal scholarship, this research aims to guide policy-makers in refining legal systems that promote public awareness, compliance, and protection of human rights.

Challenges in Indonesian Environmental Law Enforcement: Handling Individual Culpa Mistake (Negligence) Cases Mulyono, Andreas Tedy; Sudargo, Evelina
Administrative and Environtmental Law Review Vol 6 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25041/aelr.v6i1.3903

This article examines the shortcomings of environmental law enforcement in Indonesia concerning culpa (negligence) by individual offenders. Criminal sanctions in such cases often produce superficial “greenwashing” verdicts, where penalties appear strict yet fail to deliver substantive justice or environmental restoration. Although based on ecological damage assessments, these calculations rarely serve a practical function, as proving negligence becomes secondary and compensation remains unused. As a result, rulings reveal a disconnect between environmental harm and sanctions imposed, with imprisonment and fines disproportionately burdening negligent individuals while offering little ecological benefit. Using a normative juridical approach combining statutory, conceptual, and case analyses, this study finds that the system fosters inefficiency, with costly assessments underutilized and appeals largely abandoned, leaving clemency as the only viable remedy. It argues that community service sanctions focused on ecological rehabilitation would provide a fairer, more feasible, and future-oriented alternative that aligns accountability with environmental recovery.

MENYOAL KONSEP POLUSI DAN DEPLESI DALAM HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA: PERLUKAH? Mulyono, Andreas Tedy
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 8, Nomor 2, Februari 2024
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Hukum lingkungan di Indonesia telah mencantumkan pengertian polusi dan deplesi secara eksplisit. Pada satu sisi, pengertian harfiah polusi berbeda dengan deplesi tapi di sisi lain, norma-norma teknisnya didalilkan sama satu dengan yang lainnya. Permasalahannya, bagaimana perkembangan pengertian polusi dan deplesi tersebut mempengaruhi hakikat pengaturan dan penegakan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Untuk menguraikannya penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran kontemporer terkait konsep polusi dan deplesi pada perkembangannya berasal dari lini masa yang berbeda. Selain itu, para pemangku kepentingan di Indonesia selama ini mengacu pada dasar undang-undang yang berlaku, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, dengan tanpa membedakan konsep polusi dan deplesi secara jelas. Hal ini berdampak pada pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait yang tidak secara jelas membedakan polusi dan deplesi. Adapun dalam penerapannya, dalil-dalil yang digunakan oleh para pihak yang berperkara, termasuk juga dalam amar putusan hakim, juga cenderung tidak membedakan kedua konsep tersebut dengan jelas. Kesimpulannya, penyusunan norma-norma dan penerapannya pada kasus-kasus lingkungan hidup yang tidak membedakan konsep polusi dan deplesi berpotensi menimbulkan masalah peraturan perundang-undangan yang tidak sinkron dan penegakan hukum yang tidak konsisten.

MENYOAL KONSEP POLUSI DAN DEPLESI DALAM HUKUM LINGKUNGAN INDONESIA: PERLUKAH? Mulyono, Andreas Tedy
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 8 No. 2 (2024): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 8, Nomor 2, Februari 2024
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v8i2.259

Hukum lingkungan di Indonesia telah mencantumkan pengertian polusi dan deplesi secara eksplisit. Pada satu sisi, pengertian harfiah polusi berbeda dengan deplesi tapi di sisi lain, norma-norma teknisnya didalilkan sama satu dengan yang lainnya. Permasalahannya, bagaimana perkembangan pengertian polusi dan deplesi tersebut mempengaruhi hakikat pengaturan dan penegakan hukum lingkungan di Indonesia. Untuk menguraikannya penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan konsep (conceptual approach), pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach), dan pendekatan kasus (case approach). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pemikiran kontemporer terkait konsep polusi dan deplesi pada perkembangannya berasal dari lini masa yang berbeda. Selain itu, para pemangku kepentingan di Indonesia selama ini mengacu pada dasar undang-undang yang berlaku, yaitu Undang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, dengan tanpa membedakan konsep polusi dan deplesi secara jelas. Hal ini berdampak pada pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan terkait yang tidak secara jelas membedakan polusi dan deplesi. Adapun dalam penerapannya, dalil-dalil yang digunakan oleh para pihak yang berperkara, termasuk juga dalam amar putusan hakim, juga cenderung tidak membedakan kedua konsep tersebut dengan jelas. Kesimpulannya, penyusunan norma-norma dan penerapannya pada kasus-kasus lingkungan hidup yang tidak membedakan konsep polusi dan deplesi berpotensi menimbulkan masalah peraturan perundang-undangan yang tidak sinkron dan penegakan hukum yang tidak konsisten.

The Dilemma Of Indonesia’s Coal Policy In 2020-2060: A Modality Of State Revenue Mulyono, Andreas Tedy; Sihombing, Eka N.A.M.
Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Vol. 22 No. 001 (2023): Pena Justisia (Special Issue)
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31941/pj.v22i3.3964

Coal commodity management policies in Indonesia are closely related to efforts to reduce carbon emissions and increase carbon sequestration. This has the potential to create regulatory synchronization problems because it relates to sectoral challenges from the relevant ministries and/or agencies. To describe the synchronization problem, this research uses a normative juridical method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The results of this study are that there are three ministries that are directly or indirectly related to coal management, namely the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry, and the Ministry of Finance. The conclusion is that although the 2005-2025 national development target has been announced by the Government, particularly regarding the NZE2060 target, it turns out that the implementation of the regulations in the three ministries has experienced predicaments that have resulted in a dilemma of synchronizing the national climate policy. However, short-term policies implicitly indicate the modality of state revenue as a priority

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