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All Journal JCER (Journal of Chemistry Education Research) Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Abdi: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Sains dan Matematika Jurnal Pijar MIPA Unesa Journal of Chemistry
Dina Kartika Maharani
Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Negeri Surabaya
Humanities Astronomy Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Isolation and Characterization of Nanocellulose from Rice Husk (Oryza sativa L.) Waste Through Chemical and Ultrasonication Treatment Paramitha, Viona Witya; Maharani, Dina Kartika
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 20 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v20i6.9632

Abstract

Rice husk waste is one of the abundant lignocellulosic biomass sources in Indonesia and holds significant potential as a raw material for nanocellulose production. This study aims to isolate nanocellulose from rice husk through a combination of chemical and mechanical treatments to obtain a product with high crystallinity and nanoscale particle size. The isolation process involved several steps: alkali treatment using NaOH to remove hemicellulose, bleaching with H2O2 to degrade lignin, and acid hydrolysis using H2SO4 to eliminate the amorphous regions of cellulose. The resulting cellulose suspension was then subjected to ultrasonic treatment to further reduce particle size and achieve a more homogeneous dispersion, followed by freeze drying to obtain stable dry nanocellulose powder. Characterization using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed changes in chemical structure, marked by the disappearance of lignin and hemicellulose peaks and the dominance of hydroxyl (-OH) and C-O functional groups, indicating increased cellulose purity. The nanocellulose yield obtained from this process was 38.15%, calculated based on the dry weight of nanocellulose relative to the initial dry weight of rice husk used. This value falls within the typical range reported for nanocellulose isolation using sulfuric acid hydrolysis and suggests that the applied method was effective in converting rice husk biomass into nanocellulose. The relatively high yield also supports the viability of rice husk as a sustainable and cost-efficient raw material for nanocellulose production. These findings demonstrate that rice husk waste can be effectively converted into high-quality nanocellulose through combined chemical and mechanical approaches, offering a sustainable and value-added solution for various functional materials, biodegradable packaging, and polymer composite applications.
Co-Authors Amaria Amaria Ayunda, Defi DIAN SAVITRI Hery Widijanto Kusumawati Dwiningsih Lydia Rohmawati Monica, Maria Muchlis Muchlis Naulia, Kaila Nita Kusumawati Nurzulla, Weka Firda Rizki Paramitha, Viona Witya Pirim Setiarso Putri, Firstania Diah Cahyani Ramadanti, Awanda Halida Rhamdiyah, Fastabiqul Khairati RUSLY HIDAYAH Rusmini Rusmini Safitri, Rizka Dwi Samik Samik Sanjaya, IGM Sari Edi Cahyaningrum Savana, Raisza Tarida Sururi, Ahmad Misbakhus Wati, First Ambar